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User contributions
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KBT wordlist
2024-03-09T19:40:12Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
A<br />
<br />
[[aang]]1: 'cork lid'<br />
<br />
[[aang]]2: 'tool used for gouging wood, adze with straight blade' (cf. bikung), kapak,taan)) <br />
<br />
[[aar]]1: bellows': naar (in-aar) 'the process of metal toolmaking: the process of using the bellows to pump air in blacksmithing' <br />
<br />
[[aar]]2: 'carefully woven rattan twine used in tying; woven raltan work used on implements': naar ( 'to make rattan work', naar (in-aar) 'preterite passive of naar' <br />
<br />
[[abad]]: 'plant with long leaves and fruit which grows in bunches in wet places' <br />
<br />
[[aban]]1: 'because; unless' <br />
<br />
[[aban]]2: 'quarrel over possession of something (property, two men over a woman, etc.)': pepaban (pep-aban) 'quarrel with one another' <br />
<br />
[[abang]]: 'ditch, canal' nabang 'make a ditch' <br />
<br />
[[abet]]: 'way of tying; thing used for tying': ngabet (ng-abet) 'to tie'; pengabet 'thing use for tying'; pinengabet 'was used as a thing for tying'; senabet (CB) 'was used to tie' (cf. bebhed) <br />
<br />
[[abi]]: last one'; abi-abi: 'all, every one'; mabi (m-abi) 'finished'; ngabi 'to finish' (cf. pengeh ) <br />
<br />
[[abuh]]: 'ashes'; mabuh (m-abuh) 'dusty, covered with dust or ashes': nabuh (in-abuh) 'was cover by dust or ashes'; ngabuh 'make dusty, cover with dust or ashes' pabuh (p-abuh) 'throw dust on one another (of two persons or many people)' (cf. labuh) <br />
<br />
[[adaq|ada']]: 'soul. ghost. spirit (cf. iat) <br />
<br />
[[adel]]1: 'buffalo flea' (cf. gesimel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
<br />
[[adel]]2: 'lock' <br />
<br />
[[aden]]: 'starting line or block for footrace; starting point' <br />
<br />
[[adeng]]: 'charcoal used in blacksmithing' (cf. rereng) <br />
<br />
[[ading]]: 'earwax' (cf. ta?ih lalid ) <br />
<br />
[[aduk]]: 'ostentation' (?): aduk-aduk 'showing off <br />
<br />
[[adung]]: 'adoption'; dungen 'aorist passive of ngadung'; ngadung 'to adopt' <br />
<br />
[[agag]]: 'a sieve'; nagag 'to sieve (esp. rice that has already been husked .through pounding on the iung)' <br />
<br />
[[agap]]:(JU)'a shock: way .of startling'; ngagap 'startle someone' (cf. gagap) <br />
', <br />
[[ager]]: 'crumbs left after a meal' <br />
[[ain]]: 'sweet taste'; da?et ain 'bad taste (= not sweet tasting)'; main (m-ain) 'sweet';doo? main 'delicious' <br />
[[aja]]: 'penis plug (bamboo plug traditionally inserted through the glans penis) <br />
[[aka]]: 'cleared area'; naka (in-aka) 'was cleared by'; ngaka (ng-aka) 'to clear an area, make a clearing' <br />
[[akaq|aka']]: 'saliva' (cf. lidha?) <br />
[[akat]]: 'bravery, courage'; makal (m-akat) 'brave, courageous' <br />
[[akep]]: 'black snail found in the river' (cf. kereruang, keruang) <br />
[[akun]]: 'admission'; ngakun 'admit fault' <br />
[[alad]]: 'wall'; ngalad 'miakc a wall, build a wall' <br />
[[alang]](CB): 'back of knife blade, edge': ngalar) (ng-alag) 'hit wilh the blunt.side of a knife' j <br />
[[alap]]: 'act of taking, getting or fetching'; nalap (in-alap) 'was fetched by'; ngalap (ng-alap) 'take, get, fetch' <br />
[[alaq|ala']]: (see simun) <br />
[[aleb]]: 'knee' <br />
[[alem]]: 'night'; temalem (tem-alem or te-malem?) 'spend a night' (cf. malem) <br />
[[ali]] (CB): (?): da?et ali 'deserted, of a place that has been abandoned; quiet, of a place' <br />
[[alid]]: 'steep slope (not as rugged as beribhi)' (cf. beribhi, ra?an) <br />
[[alih]]1: 'pregnancy'; malih (m-alih) 'pregnant (coarse term which implies that the child will not be legitimate)'; ngalih (ng-alih)'impregnate' (cf. ngeren) <br />
[[alih]]2: 'a taboo'; malih (m-alih) 'be taboo' (cf. eren) <br />
[[aliq|ali']] (JU): 'accumulated dirt on skin, as behind the ears' <br />
[[alud]]: 'dugoul canoe, boat; ngalud (ng-alud) 'carry things in a boat' <br />
[[alug]]: lie, untruth'; malug (em-alug) 'play a trick on someone to deceive them, lie; a lie': pemalug (pem-alug) liar; false story'; pepalug (pep-alug) lie to one another' <br />
[[aluh]]1: 'eight' (cf. waluh) <br />
[[aluh]]2: long wooden rice, pestle' (cf. tutuk) <br />
[[alung]](CB): 'fern-like plant' <br />
[[amug]]: 'meadow; previously farmed area, abandoned farmland' <br />
[[anak]]: 'child, baby', a.dela?ih 'boy'; a. dedhur 'girl'; a. kadi? 'small child'; a. menaken 'nephew, niece': a. nanap(in-alap) 'adopted child'; a. sia? new-born baby'; nenganak (ng-teng-anak) 'give birth'; tenganak (teng-anak) 'date of birth' <br />
[[anam]] (CB): 'act of picking something up from the ground'; nanam (ne-anam?) <br />
(CB) 'pick up with the fingers'; nganam (ng-anam) 'pick something up from the ground' <br />
[[aney]]: 'termite' (see rera?) <br />
[[anit]]: 'tree bark, pig .skin (rude when used for people)'; nganit (ng-anit) 'make an expedition into the jungle to skin bark from trees' (ef. kubil, lanit) <br />
[[anud]]: 'current, direction of flow'; manud (em-anud) 'to flow; move on the <br />
current': manud medayeh 'upriver'; manud mela?ud 'downriver' (cf. awer) <br />
[[anuk]]: 'clothing'; nganuk(ng-anuk) 'put on clothing' (cf. kelibung) <br />
[[angang]]: 'barking of dog, sound of a dog barking': ngangang 'to bark, of a dog" <br />
[[angat]]: 'small branch' (cf. da?an) <br />
[[angai]]: 'kind of small porcelain jar' (cf. belanay) <br />
[[angeq|ange']]: 'bee-like insect that does not bite or sting. Children hold up the little finger for this insect to come and land on' (see bua?) <br />
[[anget]]: 'kind of bee' <br />
[[apad]]: 'mountain range' (cf. buduk, puun) <br />
[[apaq|apa']]: 'to take' (cf. alap, apen) <br />
[[apeh]]: 'which?' (cf. sapeh) <br />
[[apen]]: 'to take' (cf. alap. apa') <br />
[[aping]]1(JU): 'outside' (cf. lai) <br />
[[aping]]2 (PM): 'ends of something, as a longhouse' <br />
[[apo]]: 'roof; apo kenangan 'roofing material made from nipa palm leaf'; ngapo (ng-apo) 'make a roof ' <br />
[[apuk]]1: 'fine ashes or dusi in the air, sawdust; facial powder'; mapuk (m-apuk) 'dusty': napuk (in-apuk) 'was made dusty'; ngapuk (ng-apuk) 'make something dusty' <br />
[[apuk]]2: 'cotton' I <br />
[[apung]]: 'act of hiding a thing; thing hidden'; mapung (m-apung) 'hidden'; napung: in-apung) 'was hididen by'; ngapung (ng-apung) 'hide something or oneself (Intentionally)', perengapunget)agur)(pere-ng-apung)'hide oneself <br />
apuy: 'fire' <br />
[[a'eb]](CB): lid of a basket (cf. kekeb) <br />
[[a'ed]](JU): 'speech defect; ma?ed (em-a?ed) 'speak defectively, stutter' <br />
[[a'it]]1: 'sickness, pain'; ma?it (m-a?it) 'sick, painful'; ma?it lipen 'tooth-ache ;ma?it uluh 'headache' <br />
[[a'it]]2: 'wait'; na?it (ne-a?it) 'wait for', pepa?it (pep-a?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. ta?it) <br />
[[a'ud]]1: 'wall hook on which objects are hung' (cf. edhang2) <br />
[[a'ud]]2: 'tool for clearing' <br />
[[arak]]1: 'rice wine' <br />
[[arak]]2(PM):'bamboo railing or handhold to give support when descending steps or crossing a bridge'; ngarak (ng-arak) 'to guide by the hand, as a blind man' <br />
[[arang]]: 'a dance'; ngarang (ng-arang) 'to dance' <br />
[[araq|ara']] (PM): 'don't want' (said to be more usual than dara?, q.v.) <br />
[[arar]]1: 'bamboo cage-like structure in which meat is placed for smoking': nga-rar (ng-arar) 'to smoke or dry meat over a fire' <br />
[[arar]]2: 'nest'; ngarar (ng-arar) 'make a nest' (cf. tenuran) <br />
[[areg]]: 'fragment, small piece of something broken'; mareg (m-areg) 'brokensmall pisces, fragmented'', ngareg (ng-areg) 'break somethinginto small pieces' <br />
[[arit]] (JU): 'design'; ngarit (ng-arit) 'make designs, as on a shield' <br />
[[aruq|aru']]: 'casuarina' (see kayuh) <br />
[[arur]]: 'stream, small branch of a river'; r)arur ( r)-arur) 'follow along a steam or river' <br />
[[asa]]: 'whetting, grinding, sharpening'; asa asa 'scratch oneself against a tree, of carabaos'; ngasa (ng-asa) to sharpen (as a knife') (cf. i'ir, tadem) <br />
[[asab]]: 'falling sickness, epilepsy'; masab (m-asab) 'epileptic' <br />
[[asang]]1: 'gills of a fish' <br />
[[asang]]2: 'tall woven basket' <br />
[[aseg]]: 'water that has been added to the rice that has been used to make rice wine (this gives a second, diluted batch of rice wine)' <br />
[[asek]]: 'pineapple fiber (formerly used for sewing)' <br />
[[asih]]: 'pretense': asih asih 'pretend, as to pretend not to see another person whom you consider beneath you' <br />
[[asiq|asi']]: 'stinginess, selfishness': asi? asi? 'stingy, selfish': masi? (m-asi?) 'stingy' <br />
[[aso]]: 'procrastination': aso aso 'put off doing something that someone has ask-ed you to do because you dislike having been asked to do [[it' <br />
[[asuq|asu']]: 'stool' <br />
[[atang]] (CB): 'crossbeam in house construction'; ngatang (n-atang) 'carry something on a pole between two people' <br />
[[ataq|ata']]: 'rice grains with a husk among the husked grains after pounding' <br />
[[atey]]1: 'liver': ate rua? lungs': ate buduk 'heart' <br />
[[atey]]2: 'death'; mate (m-ate) 'die. dead', nate (in-ate) 'was killed'; ngate (ng-ate) 'kill', petate (pep-ate) 'kill each other' (cf. pate) <br />
[[ateb]]: 'deadfall trap for small animals such as rats and squirrels' <br />
[[atet]]: 'clitoris' (cl.pengi?) <br />
[[atir]] (CB): 'area just inside the front of the rice granary (not the storage area proper)' <br />
[[atok]]: '(very? )' (said lo be rare: see si'it) <br />
[[atur]]1(JU): 'generation, age group' <br />
[[atur]]2(CB): 'an order, command'; ngatur (ng-atur) 'to order, command' (cf. turu?) <br />
[[atoi]]: 'a swing': petatuy (pet-atuy?) 'to swing like a pendulum'; metatuy (ng-pet-atuy) 'make something swing like a pendulum' <br />
[[awa]]: 'awe; disappointment, regret'; mawa (m-awa) 'awed: disappointed,feeling regret' <br />
[[awan]]: 'spouse' <br />
[[awa'|awa']]: 'waist <br />
[[awer]]: 'rapids, fast flowing part of the river'; mawer (m-awer) 'swift' (cf anud) <br />
[[ayek]]: 'a whisper': ngayek(ng-ayek) 'to whisper' pepayek(pep-ayek) 'whis- per to one another <br />
[[ayu]]1: 'expression corresponding to "you're it", used by children chasing one another in game' <br />
[[ayu]]2: 'predictable'; doo? ayu 'clever, smart': mayu(m-ayu?) likely, probable' <br />
[[ayud]]: 'writing'; ngayud (ng-ayud) 'write' (cf. nulis, urit) <br />
[[ayum]]: 'affection'; ngayum(ng-ayum) 'say something in affection, sym-paltlize' <br />
[[ayun]]: 'shadow' <br />
[[ayuq|ayu']]: 'just, only; always. habitually' <br />
<br />
B<br />
baang: 'place for storing small logs behind the fireplace' <br />
baa?: 'wet; wet rice field <br />
babeh: 'carrying basket that is worn on the beck, with a tumpline over the <br />
forehead'; binabeh (b-in-abeh) 'was carried on the back'; mabeh <br />
(ng-babeh) <br />
'to carry on the back' (cf. bakang, binen, uyut) <br />
babuy (CB): 'male, of pigs' (see berek; cf. la?ih) <br />
bada: 'sand' <br />
bada?1: 'advice'; binada? (b-in-ada?) 'was advised by'; mada? (ng-bada?) <br />
'advise, tell, instruct': pebada? (pep-bada?) 'advise one <br />
another, tell each <br />
other'; tebada?(te-bada?)'advice' <br />
bada?2: (PM): 'invitation' <br />
badil: 'child's toy weapon of bamboo for shooting other children in <br />
play': <br />
bedilen (baldilen) 'aorist passive of madil'; binadil (b-in-adil), <br />
pinadil <br />
(p-in-adil) 'was shot by': madil (ng-badil) 'to shoot; to hunt using guns' (cf. <br />
ngeraad ) <br />
baduk: 'jackfruit' (see bua?) <br />
baka: 'wild pig' (cf. berek) <br />
bakang: 'wide apart, of the feet while standing': tebakang (te-bakang) 'be wide <br />
apart, of the feet whilel standing'; nebakar) (n-te-bakar)) 'make <br />
someone <br />
else's feet wide apart, spread someone's legs, force apart <br />
forceps: stand over <br />
someone or something with feet wide apart'; simbakang <br />
(t-in-e-bakang) <br />
'preterite passive of. neakang' <br />
bakul (CB): 'basket that is carried in the hanfi' (Makay loan?) <br />
baku?: 'cute (of babies, of ornaments that represent animals, birds, etc.)' <br />
bala: 'news, fame; famous'; belaan (bala-an) 'saying, telling'; binala <br />
(b-in-ala) <br />
'was said by, was told by': mala(n-bala) 'say, tell, talk about' <br />
balang: 'tiger' <br />
baleh: 'debt'(cf.utang) <br />
balih: 'a lie: lying, deceitful, untruthful'; malih (ng-balih) to lie, be <br />
deceitful' <br />
baliw1: 'change form. metamorphose, as a caterpillar into a butterfly; hatch, <br />
as <br />
an egg' <br />
baliw2 (I'M): 'warp' <br />
balu? (CB): 'provisions, food given to someone when he departs on a jour- <br />
ney': nebalu? (ne-balu? ) 'give provisions to someone going on a <br />
journey' <br />
bangeh: 'water trough (for pigs, dogs)' <br />
banget: 'sea. ocean' <br />
ba?an: 'bearing fruit, flowering' (cf. busuk) <br />
ba?o (CB): 'beads' <br />
ba?ung: 'banana' <br />
ba?ur (CB): 'fishing pole; trip stick in an ebhung, noose trap' <br />
bara?: 'swell, become swollen or inflamed' <br />
barat 'veranda, porch-like area where the edhan rests and where firewood <br />
is <br />
split' <br />
bareh: 'emiber, glowing coal' <br />
baring: (see bulu?) <br />
barit: 'striped, colorful' (see bulu?) <br />
bariw: 'strong wind. storm wind' (see udan) <br />
basa?: 'way of reading, act of reading'; binasa? (b-in-asa?) 'was read by': <br />
<br />
kebasa? (ke-basa?) 'way of reading'; masa? (ng-basa?)'to read' <br />
(Malay <br />
loan) <br />
batang: log, tree trunk' <br />
bata?: 'green (as grass), blue (as (he sky)' <br />
batek: 'abdomen' <br />
batuh: 'stone'; binatuh [b-in-atuh) 'cemetery' <br />
baur (CB): 'full after eating, satiated'; maur (ng-baur) 'to satiate someone, <br />
feed <br />
someone to the point of satiation' <br />
bawang1: 'onion' <br />
bawang2: 'settlement, village, country' <br />
baweh: 'enemy'; (pep-baweh) 'be enemies with one another' (cf. <br />
bunu?) ! <br />
bayang: 'goatskin armor formerly used hy warriors when going lo battle' <br />
bayar (CB): 'pay' (Malay loan) <br />
bayeh: 'crocodile' <br />
bayuh: (see bulu?) <br />
bayung: 'a spear': mayung (ng-bayur)'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
bebhak (CB): 'torn (aa shirt, pants, mosquito net)'; bibhak (be-i-bhak) 'was <br />
bebhan: 'bird-lime stick used to catch birds'; mebhan (ng-bebhan) 'catch <br />
birds <br />
with the bird-lime stick' <br />
bebha?: 'urine; urinate' (cf. ebhah) <br />
bebhat: 'a share, division'; bibhat (be-i-bhat). binibhat(b-in-e-i-bhat) <br />
'was shar- <br />
ed or divided by': mebhat (ng-bebhat) 'to share, divide' <br />
bebhed (CB): 'a bundle, as of firewood: what is used to tie something into a <br />
bundle': b. kayuh 'bundle of wood': bibhed (be-i-bhed) 'was <br />
tied by winding <br />
around': mebhed (ng-bebhed) 'tie by winding around (bundles, <br />
bandage on <br />
limbs, etc.)' (cf. abet. pehhed) <br />
bebhek1: 'rice fragments left after pounding; finely pounded, crushed into fine <br />
<br />
particles, of rice'; bibhek (be-i-bhek) 'was broken into <br />
small panicles'; <br />
mebhek (ng-bebhek) 'break something into small particles, <br />
pound something <br />
fine' (cf. berebhek) <br />
bebhek2: 'talkative' <br />
behhen1: 'closing by covering': bibhen( be-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'; mebhen (ng-bebhen) 'close the mouth or opening of a <br />
container or <br />
bamboo by covering (deliberate action)' <br />
bebhen2: 'sink into the ground as a result of human intervention (of house <br />
posts)': bibhen (b-e-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'.mebhen (ng-bebhen) <br />
'make something sink into the ground' <br />
bebher: 'woven mat fan for fanning the fire; flutter in the wind'; bibher <br />
(be-i-bher) 'was fanned by'; mebher (ng-bebherl) 'to fan the <br />
fire'' <br />
bebho: 'cool off the temper, after getting angry or crying)' <br />
bedhek: 'nasal mucus' <br />
bedhi?: 'vulva, vagina' (cf. edhi?) <br />
bedhuk: 'short-tailed yullow-brown monkey, probably Macacus nemestrinus' <br />
(cf. berangad , kelabet. kuyad) <br />
begheh: 'dumb, mute, unable lo speak' <br />
bekaar: 'sit cross-legged' (cf. tudo) <br />
bekakit (I'M): 'turn something over, as glass or a vase' <br />
bekang (JU): 'large carrying basket worn on the back' (cf'. babeh. binen, uyut) <br />
beken: 'other: different, behaving differently than usual' <br />
bekukit (PM): 'fall over headfirst while squatting' <br />
bekuku?(PM): 'kneel' <br />
belad: 'spread open': bilad (be-i-lad) 'was spread open by'; melad <br />
(ng-belad) <br />
'to spread open, as linen' <br />
beladan1: 'the entire platform is built on the support posts and which <br />
forms the floor of the longhouse' <br />
beladan2: 'turtle. tortoise' <br />
belanay: 'four-foot high porcelain jar used for storing corn or making rice <br />
wine' <br />
belang: 'small cut' :melang (ng-belang) 'cut someone' <br />
belatik: 'spring-set arrow trap for animals' <br />
belatu?: 'outstanding: conspicuous, obvious' <br />
belawan: 'iron (metal)' <br />
belel: 'a float used on fishing lines' (cf. lupung) <br />
belen: 'log props under wooden chair' <br />
belih: 'buying'; bilih (be-i-lih) 'was bought by': melih(ng-belih) <br />
'to buy'', <br />
pebelih (pep-belih) 'trade with one another' <br />
beliw: 'slip from the hand, as when someone falls and grasps for <br />
support, but <br />
cannot hold it; biliw. (be-i-liw) 'preterite passive of <br />
ng-beliw'; meliw <br />
(ng-beliw) let go of something' (cf. peliw) <br />
belu?ing: 'hoe used for tilling and weeding in rice paddies and gardens' <br />
benang (CD): 'coffin' (cf. lungun) <br />
beneh: 'low' <br />
bengar: 'planks that form the beladan, or floor platform of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
bengel: 'deaf <br />
bengelih: 'canine tooth, tusk' <br />
bengil (CB): 'ankle' <br />
bera: 'husked rice' <br />
berang: 'width (of a river, house, field)' <br />
berangad(CB): 'small, gray. long-tailed monkey similar to kuyad' <br />
beraok: ' large frog' (cf. epit, teleka?) <br />
bera?ang: 'molar tooth' <br />
berat: 'heavy' <br />
bere: 'thing given'; bire (be-i-re) 'was given by'; mere (ng-bere) <br />
'give'; pebere <br />
(pep-bere) 'give to one another, exchange gifts' <br />
berebhek (CB): 'piece of broken stone'; merebhek (ng-berebhek) 'break a stone <br />
into small pieces, crush pulverize' (cf. bebhek) <br />
berek: 'domesticated peg'; b. babuy 'male pig, boar'; b. sinan 'female <br />
pig, <br />
sow' (cf. baka) I <br />
berenuan: 'kind of small bee' <br />
berere: 'jungle swamp with red lateritic soil' <br />
beret: 'woman's waist band of beads' (cf.eret) <br />
beribhi: 'steep slope' (cf. alid, ra?an) <br />
berirang: 'striking edge on matchbox' (Malay loan) <br />
beriwer: 'twirling (of a bullroarer)'; meriwer (ng-beriwer) 'to twirl' <br />
beruang: 'the Malayan honey bear: Ursus Malayanus' <br />
beruh: 'new: just now: again' <br />
besai: 'canoe paddle' (loan, probably from a Kenyah dialect)' <br />
besit: 'squirt out' (of pus from, a pimple when squeezed) <br />
beter: 'kidney' <br />
beti: 'calf of the leg' <br />
betik: 'tattoo' <br />
betua: (?);b. idhung 'wing of the nostril' <br />
betueh: 'stomach (internal organ)' <br />
betung: (see bulan, bulu?) <br />
bibek: 'domesticated duck' (Malay loan) <br />
bibir: 'lip' <br />
bigan (CB): 'plate' (Malay loan) <br />
bikung: 'tool used to smooth wood surfaces, adze'; mikung.(ng-bikur) <br />
'work <br />
with an adze' (cf. aang) <br />
bilak: 'piece of split wood, rattan or bamboo'; milak (ng-bilak) to <br />
split wood, <br />
rattan or bamboo lengthwise' (cf. upa) <br />
bila?: 'broken, split (state)'; benila? (b-in-ila?) 'preterite <br />
passive of bila?'; <br />
mila? (ng-bila?) 'to break, split something' <br />
bilun (JU): 'airplane' (English 'balloon') <br />
binen: 'kind of small carrying basket' (cf. babeh.bakar), uyul) <br />
bi?ung (CB): 'kind of gourd that is used as a container' <br />
birar: 'yellow' <br />
biruh: 'appearance, features; outward signs'; doo? b. 'good <br />
appearance (of <br />
people, baskets, pots)' <br />
bisung: 'hit a person with a stick by accident, as a child playing <br />
with a <br />
bullroarer' <br />
buang (CB): 'beetle (generic)' <br />
bua?: 'fruit; integral part of'; b. buyo 'orange': b. buyo duru? <br />
'small sweet <br />
variety of orange'; b. buyo pada 'lemon'; b. datu? <br />
'durian'; b. pangin 'fruit of <br />
the mango family'; b. laam 'mango'; b. tabuh b. tedhak <br />
'pumpkin': bua? <br />
tidhu? 'fingers'; bua? t. rayeh 'thumb', bua? t. tidhul <br />
'index finger', bua? t. <br />
uned 'middle finger', bua? t. sising 'ring finger', bua? <br />
t. dara? 'ring finger', <br />
bua? t. ange? 'little finger', bua? t. i?it 'little <br />
finger', b. tikan 'honeybee'. <br />
buar: 'struck by something falling'; muar (ng-buar) 'hit with <br />
something' <br />
buat1(CB): 'character, personality <br />
buat2: 'gossip, idle talk'; muat (ng-buat) 'to gossip'; pebuat <br />
(pep-buat) 'tall <br />
about one another <br />
bube?: 'defecate' (cf. tae?) <br />
bubuh1 (CB): 'bamboo basket trap for fish. placed with mouth upstream' <br />
bubuh2(CB): 'move, charge location': mubuh (ng-bubuh) to move' <br />
bubhuk (CB): 'tree from which leaves are taken to make a poultice for the <br />
relief of rheumatic pains, sprains, bruises, etc.' <br />
bubhul (CB): 'a patch'; mubhul (ng-bubhul) 'to patch, mend' <br />
bubhun1: 'campfire; fire used for glazing pots' (= bubhun2?) <br />
bubhun2(CB): 'heap, pile (of earth, sticks, etc.)'; mubhun (ng-bubhun) 'make a <br />
heap or pile of earth, sticks, etc.' <br />
bubhu ?: 'door'; rnubhu? (ng-bubhu?) 'make a hole by piercing through' <br />
bubhut: 'feathers that have been plucked from a chicken; plucking, <br />
pulling' <br />
binubhut (b-in-ubhut) 'was plucked by'; mubhut (r)-bubh <br />
t) 'pluck, pull out. <br />
as feathers' <br />
buda?: 'white' <br />
budud: 'sword grass .lmperara clindrica'(cf.uduh) <br />
buduk: 'cone, peak of a mountain, lip of the nose, lip of a pen'; <br />
buduk ruma? <br />
'ridgepole' (cf. apad, puun) <br />
bued: 'source', b.ebha? 'spring, source of a river' <br />
buen: 'odor, smell of something', b. kedi?it 'a little smell'; beruh <br />
buen 'weak <br />
(lit. 'new') smell'; da?et buen 'bad smell', doo? buen <br />
'good smell'; galih <br />
buen 'strong smell'; binuen (b-in-uen) 'was smelled by'; <br />
muen (ng-buen) 'M <br />
smell something' <br />
bugo: 'flat piece of wood used to stir rice' <br />
bui: 'soft breeze: have a soft breez.e blowing' <br />
bujur: 'distended, of the belly (also used as a personal epithet)' <br />
bukuh1: 'book' (English loan) <br />
bukuh2: 'joint of finger or bamboo: node; knot in a tree'', sebukuh <br />
(se-bukuh) <br />
'knot in a string: string with knots for keeping track of <br />
time': nebukuh <br />
(ng-se-bukuh)'tie a knot' (cf. bukuh) <br />
bukut: 'a punch': binukut (b-in-ukut) 'was punched by': mukul (ng-bukut)'to <br />
<br />
punch': pemukut (peng-bukut) 'thing used to punch (as a glove, <br />
etc.)': <br />
pebukut (pep-bukut) 'punch one another' (cf. nguarn) <br />
bulan: 'moon': b. betung 'full moon' <br />
bulat: 'open the eyes': binulat (b-in-ulat) 'was looked at by'; mulat <br />
(ng-bulat) <br />
look at someone or something': pebulat (pep-bulat) look at one <br />
another' <br />
buleng: 'single, lone': anak buleng 'only child': sebuleng (se-buleng) <br />
'alone'; <br />
nebuleng (ng-se-buleng) 'keep something (as a problem) to <br />
oneself, not sharing <br />
it with others' (cf. uleng) <br />
buluh1: 'body hair; leather': buluh mateh 'eyelash'; buluh madu? 'eyebrow' <br />
buluh2 (PM): 'love': pebuluh (pep-buluh) love one another' <br />
bulu?: 'bamboo': b. baring 'small species of bamboo used by children to <br />
make <br />
blowpipes'; b. barit 'thin yellow bamboo species with green <br />
lines': b. bayuh <br />
'thin, small species of bamboo which gives bad cuts': b. <br />
betung large, thick <br />
species of bamboo'; b. eling 'bamboo species smaller than b. <br />
betung'; b. telang <br />
'medium-sized species of bamboo' <br />
buned: 'powder' <br />
bunu?: 'enemy': rnunu? (ng-bunu?) 'go to war': pebunu? (pep-bunu?)'go to <br />
war against each other' (cf. baweh) <br />
bunga? (CB): 'cultivated flower' (probably a Malay loan; cf. busak) <br />
bunga?an: 'bladder' <br />
bupu? (CB): 'washing'; binupu? (b-in-upu?) 'was washed by'; mupu? <br />
(ng-bupu?)'to wash' (cf. pupu?) <br />
bu?an (CB): 'round rattan carrying container worn on the back' <br />
bu?uh: 'anger'; binu?uh (b-in-u?uh) 'be the object of someone's <br />
anger'; <br />
perebu?uh(pere-bu?uh ) 'be anger with' <br />
burak: 'rice wine' <br />
buro (JU): 'send away, chase away'; muro (ng-buro) 'send someone away, <br />
scare <br />
off birds or animals, as from the fields' <br />
buruk: 'rotten' <br />
buru?: 'washed off, as paint from a wall'; seburu? (se-buru?) 'wash <br />
one's <br />
face' <br />
burur (JU): 'body: counting classifier for people' <br />
busak: 'wild I'lowcr, flowering, as a tree' (cf. ba?an,bunga?) <br />
buser: 'blind', muser (ng-buser) 'to blind someone' <br />
buso: 'a spear' (cf. mayung) <br />
butal: 'bald' (cf. pango) <br />
butan: 'coconut' (see bua?) <br />
buta?: 'sleep in the eye, mucus in the comer of the eye' <br />
butung: 'corpse, carcass, dead body' <br />
butu?: 'penis' <br />
buyo: 'citrus fruit' (see bua?) <br />
buyur (JU): 'too long, as fhe sleeves of a shirt or the legs of a pair of <br />
trousers': <br />
muyur (ng-buyur) 'lengthen' <br />
<br />
D<br />
daan: 'hut in the ricefield where people stay to scare away birds' <br />
dadan: 'old, of things; long, of time'', dadan dadan 'for a long time' (cf. <br />
ngered, <br />
ma?un) I <br />
dadang: 'heat rom a fire, be exposed to heat (as a person sitting near a <br />
fiire)'; <br />
nadang (ng-dadang) 'to heat'; sinadang (d-in-adang) 'was heated <br />
by' <br />
dadem: 'feverish, sick' I <br />
dalan: 'path, road'; nalang (ng-dalan) 'to walk'; delanan (dalan-an) 'path <br />
made <br />
by repeated walking over the same course'; medalan (me-dalan?) <br />
'help <br />
someone walk' <br />
dalem: 'deep' inedalem (ng-dalem) 'deepen' <br />
dalid: 'ear' (dialect form; cf. lalid) <br />
daluh (CB): 'a fight, quarrel'; pedaluh (pep-daluh) 'to fight, quarrel with one <br />
<br />
another' (cf. kedaluh) <br />
dame: (see lau?) <br />
dapo (CB): 'walk or talk in one's sleep' <br />
dapur: 'kitchen' (Malay loan) <br />
da?an: 'branch, bough of a tree' (cf. angat) <br />
da?ar: live twig (cf. raka?)' <br />
da?eh: 'chin. jaw' <br />
da?et: 'bad'; dina?et(d-in-a?et) 'was damaged by'; pada?et(pep-da?et) <br />
'say something bad about one another' <br />
da?un: 'leaf (cf. rudang) <br />
dara?1: 'blood'; dera?en (dara?-en) 'bleeding, as the gums' (see bua?, cf. <br />
dara?) <br />
dara?2: 'don't, don't want' (cf. ara?, ian) <br />
dari: 'fine. small' (see peretak) <br />
datu?: (see bua?) <br />
dawan: lamp, torch' (cf. lapung) <br />
dawa?: 'a libel suit'; ngedawa? (ng-dawa?) 'sue someone' <br />
dayeh: 'upriver, toward the interior'; pedayeh (pe-dayeh) 'upriver <br />
(loc.)'; <br />
medayeh (me-dayeh) 'go upriver' <br />
dayung(PM): 'trance' <br />
dedhak (CB): way of slapping or tamping something to make it more compact'; <br />
kededhak (kededhak) 'way of slapping or lamping <br />
something'; nedhak <br />
(ng-dedhak) 'when constructing a levee in the paddy <br />
field, to slap the wet clay <br />
with a large paddle or club to make it more compact; <br />
prior to wrapping <br />
cooked rice in leaf packages, to pat, squeeze and press <br />
the rice into a compact <br />
mass using a small wooden paddle (bugo)' <br />
dedhar (CB): 'be struck, as by a falling object' (cf. dedhat) <br />
dedhek (CB): 'struck, as by something that someone throws at you; way of <br />
throwing something at someone'; nedhek (ng-dedhek) <br />
'throw any object <br />
(stone, mud, book) at someone or something' <br />
dedhem (CB): 'darkness, dark'; ngededhem (nge-dedhen) 'wait for nightfall' <br />
(cf. m-alem) <br />
dedhen: 'pushing down': nedhen (ng-dedhen) 'push down' <br />
dedher: 'small tree, sapling; slick' <br />
dedhur: 'female (human); woman' (cf. sinan) <br />
dekaan: 'term of intimacy used with relatives' <br />
deket1: 'fish that moves from boulder to boulder in the river' (probably <br />
= <br />
deket2,. from its habit of "sticking" to the rocks) <br />
deket2: 'sticky': neket (ng-deket) 'stick something to something': <br />
siket <br />
(de-i-ket) 'pruterite passive ol neket' (cf. pedeket) <br />
dela?ih: 'male' (cf. la?ih) <br />
dele: 'corn' <br />
delo (JU): 'kind of long eel' (cf. duder) <br />
demulun: 'slave, servant' (cf. dulun, lemulun, paran) <br />
denak (JU): 'suddenly'; medenak (me-denak) 'to startle or surprise someone' <br />
denganeh (CB): (?) d. puar 'brother or sister by a second marriage: half <br />
brother, half sister' <br />
dengur: ' low-pitched (as the voice)' (cf. leki?) <br />
depar: 'back of the hand. top of the foot'; depar tidhu?, l 'back of the <br />
hand' <br />
depeh: 'fathom, distance between two outstretched arms' (cf. urek) <br />
deramih (CB): 'rice straw' (cf. geramih) <br />
deredhang: 'epiphytic fern' (cf. redhang) <br />
deteluh: 'they (trial)' (cf. diweh, ideh) <br />
dian: 'candle' <br />
dila?: 'tongue' <br />
dinger: 'way of listening; hearing'; ninger (ng-dinger) 'to hear, listen <br />
to';peninger <br />
(peng-dinger) 'thing used to hear or listen with'; sininger <br />
(d-in-inger) 'was <br />
heard by, was listened to by' <br />
dingi (CB): 'opposite side; pedingi (pe-dingi) 'on the opposite side' (cf. <br />
dipar) <br />
dipar: 'opposite side; there (in polite speech, esp. when referring to <br />
the loca- <br />
tion of a house)': d. dingi (CB) 'opposite bank'; d. ebha? <br />
'other side of the <br />
river' (cf. dingi) <br />
direm: 'purple, color of a piit' (cf. milem) <br />
diri: 'housepost' <br />
dita?: 'high, tall' <br />
diu?: 'bathe oneself; siniu? (d-in-iu?) (CB) 'was bathed by'; niu? <br />
(ng-diu?) <br />
'bathe a baby or disabled adult'; ken diu? teh X 'a formal <br />
greeting meaning; <br />
'how is X'?' <br />
diweh: 'they (dual)' (cf. deteluh, ideh) <br />
doo?: 'good': ngedoo? (nge-doo?) 'to make good (after a quarrel, <br />
sickness, <br />
etc.)' <br />
duder: 'small freshwater eel that is good to eat' (cf. delo) <br />
dueh: 'two' <br />
duket: 'to perch (of a bird)' <br />
-I <br />
dulun (CD): 'other people' (cf. demulun, ideh, lemulun) <br />
duru? : 'honey' <br />
<br />
E<br />
ebol (CB): 'ball' (English loan) <br />
ebha: 'fall (n.), fall from a height': mebha (em-ebha) 'to fall, of <br />
people or <br />
animals falling accidentally: not used of leaves'; <br />
ngebha? (ng-cbha) <br />
'deliberately push down' <br />
ebha?: 'water (fresh or salt); river; juice of fruit or meat'; e. rudheng <br />
'oil (from <br />
animal fat)'; ba?en (ebha?-en) 'aorisi passive of ngebha?; <br />
ngebha?(ng-ebha?) <br />
'remove the water, as from a pond to better catch the fish in <br />
it: add water, as <br />
to rice when cooking': sibha? (t-e-i-bha?) 'was watered by' <br />
(cf. bebha?; <br />
lato) <br />
ebhar: loincloth' <br />
ebhed (CB): 'tag'; ebhed ebhed 'game of tag played by children' <br />
ebheg (CB): 'pulp of tapioca, coconut, etc. that has been squeezed by. twisting <br />
in a cloth': ngebheg (ng-ebheg)'to squeeze the pulp of <br />
tapioca, etc.' <br />
ebheh (CB): 'where?' (cf. ngapeh) <br />
ebhen1: 'accusation': ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'accuse' <br />
ebhen2: 'sinking into the earth'; ibhen (e-i-bhen) 'having sunk into the <br />
earth (of <br />
house posts)': mebhen (em-ebhen) 'sink into the earth <br />
(unintentional action)'; <br />
ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'push a stick into the ground, a needle <br />
into the skin, etc.' <br />
ebheng: large bridge; levee, water break in a paddy field' (cf. tadur) <br />
ebho: 'act of soothing someone's emotions, as those of a crying baby'; <br />
boen <br />
(ebho-en) 'soothe (passive/imperative)' <br />
ebhu (CB): 'cover, wrapping'; ngebhu' (ng-ebhu) to cover' <br />
ebhud (CB): 'push something (as rubbish) with the instep of the foot' <br />
ebhuh1: 'act of refusing attention after being ignored, as a child'; <br />
mebhuh <br />
(ern-ebhuh) 'refuse attention after being ignored' <br />
ebhuh2: 'any length between two joints of the finger, a fingertip and a <br />
joint or <br />
a knuckle and a joint' <br />
ebhuk: 'head hair' <br />
ebhu1(CB): 'skewer for roasting meat'; ngebhul (ng-ebhul) 'to skewer, as meat <br />
for roasting' <br />
ebhung: 'noose trap of string used to catch birds or small animals'; <br />
ngebhung <br />
(ng-ebhung) 'catch birds oi small animals with a noose trap' <br />
<br />
edhan: 'notchod log ladder for entering and exiting from longhouse'; <br />
nedhan <br />
(ne-edhan) 'put a ladder up'; ngedhan (ng-edhan) 'make a <br />
ladder' <br />
edhangl: light, radiance'; e. edho 'daylight, sunlight'; medhang <br />
(m-edhang): <br />
'bright'; m. edho 'the day is coming, its morning already! <br />
(phrase used when <br />
walking someone in the morning)' {cf. lekedhang, midang) <br />
edhang2: 'wall hook, on which objects are hung'; ngedhang (ng-edhang) 'put <br />
something on a wall hook' (cf. a?ud) <br />
edha?1: 'handle'; medha? (em-edha?) 'attach a handle' pedha? (p-edha?) <br />
'handle' (cl', etun, tunan) <br />
edha?2: 'temper'; da?et edha? 'bad-tempered' <br />
edheh: 'one; there is one' <br />
edhen: 'work (n.): suffering' (cf. mededhen) <br />
edheng1: 'rung of a ladder' <br />
edheng2: 'saliva containing mucus' <br />
edhing: 'coming, arrival of someone': medhing (em-edhing) 'arrive' <br />
edhi?: 'term of familiarity used among females' (cf. bedhi?) <br />
edho: 'day'; e. ma?un (CB) 'day before yesterday'; e. riak <br />
'tomorrow'; e. riak <br />
edheh 'day after tomorrow'; mated edho 'sun'; medho <br />
(m-edho) 'midday' <br />
edhuh: 'act of pushing': ngedhuh (ng-edhuh) 'to push (as wood into a <br />
fire)' (cf. <br />
menul) <br />
egheng: 'chill, cold (n.)'; megheng (em-egheng) 'shiver'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-egheng) <br />
'make someone or something chilly'(cf. gegheng, tegeker) <br />
eghul: 'temperament' ;da?et eghul 'bad-tempered; also used of a <br />
person who <br />
has trouble waking up in the morning' (cf. ukul) <br />
ekeb: 'cover, lid, as for a basket'; ikeb (e-i-keb) 'was covered by' <br />
(cf. kekeb) <br />
ekiw: (see la?al) <br />
ekung: 'owl' <br />
elab (CB): 'the shaking out of a mat'; ngelab (ng-elab) 'shake out a mat' <br />
elad: 'wing of a bird' <br />
elak: 'stored in the crotch of a tree branch'; ilak (e-i-lak) <br />
'preterite passive of <br />
ngelak'; ngelak (ng-elak) 'to store something in the <br />
crotch of a tree branch' <br />
elang (CB): 'border, place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one does <br />
<br />
not intend to expand the clearing)'; ngelang (ng-elang) <br />
'make a border, as by <br />
clearing away growth between two pieces of land' (cl'. <br />
eleng, erang) <br />
ela?: 'want. desire: will (future)' <br />
eleg: 'cessation: divorce': leghen (eleg-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
meleg': meleg <br />
(em-eleg) to stop': ileg (e-i-leg) 'was stopped by' <br />
elen: 'pillow of wood or corn silk' <br />
eleng (CB): 'place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one intends to <br />
expand the clearing)' (cf. elang, erang) <br />
eling1: 'edge (of a timber, etc.)' <br />
eling2: 'pieces of split bamboo used in weaving mats or baskets' (see <br />
bulu?) <br />
elu1 (CB): land that previously has been farmed and now lies unused, fallow <br />
<br />
land' (= elu2?) <br />
elu2 (CB): 'rotted remains of a fruit that has become overripe without being <br />
<br />
eaten': melu (m-elu) 'overripe, of fruits': ngelu <br />
(ng-elu) 'allow fruit to <br />
become overripe and go to waste' <br />
elu1: 'pitfall for catching animals' <br />
elud2 (CB): 'slippery hillside that has been denuded of foliage' <br />
elung1: (see manuk) <br />
elung2: 'mouth of a river' <br />
eme (CB): 'go, go to' (cf. me2) <br />
eme?: 'goat' <br />
emes: 'gold' (Malay loan) <br />
emung (JU): 'way of gathering'; imung(e-i-mung) 'was gathered by'; ngemung <br />
(ng-emung) 'collect, gather, bring together'; pemung <br />
(p-emung) 'heaped <br />
together' <br />
emu?: 'intimate term of address by an adult man or woman to a younger <br />
female, (something like "my daughter")': emu? ta?ih 'an <br />
even more <br />
intimale term for girls' '(cf. ta?ih) <br />
ena?: 'So-and-So' <br />
enem: 'six' <br />
enun: 'what?' <br />
engat: 'gulping' <br />
engep: 'a kiss'; ngepen(engep-en)'aorist passive of ngengep'; ingep <br />
(e-i-ngep) <br />
'was kissed by'; ngengep (ng-engep) 'to kiss'; pengep <br />
(p-engep), pepengep <br />
(pep-engep) 'kiss each anolher' <br />
engi: 'that (demonstrative)' (cf. ineh) <br />
enggg: 'sound of growling (ononm.)' <br />
epak: 'what is split': ipak (e-i-pak) 'was split by', nepak (ne-epak) <br />
'to split <br />
kill an animal with a machete'; ngepak (ng-epak) 'to <br />
split' <br />
epa?: 'way of chewing'; mepa?(em-epa?) 'to chew' <br />
epat: 'four' <br />
epem (CB): 'pump (as a water pump)' (English loan) <br />
epid: 'act of intertwining'; ipid(e-i-pid) 'was braided by'; ngepid <br />
(ng-epid)'to <br />
braid, interwine', pepepid (pep-epid) 'walk with arms <br />
around each others' <br />
shoulders (of small boys)' <br />
epin: 'sleeping mat' (cf.ugam) <br />
epit: 'bamboo tongs for removing charcoal from the fire'; ngepil <br />
(ng-epit) 'pick <br />
something up with tongs' <br />
epub: 'the medicine used by a traditional doctor': ngepub (ng-epub) <br />
'treat <br />
someone with traditional medicine' <br />
epun: 'grandparent of: e. Gerawat 'grandparent of Gerawat' (cf. <br />
tepuh, tepu? ) <br />
eput: 'blowpipe'; ngeput (ng-eput) 'shoot with a blowpipe' <br />
erang (CB): 'border, division'; e. tana? 'border' (cf. elang, eleng) <br />
eren (PM): 'taboo' (cf. alih) <br />
ereng: 'a groan, growl' ngereng (ng-ereng) 'to groan, make a <br />
groaning sound (as <br />
a sick person or a ghost), to growl (as a dog)' <br />
eret: 'man's belt'; ngeret (ng-eref) 'tighten by constriction, as <br />
a belt' (cf. beret) <br />
esag: 'act of splittint;': isag (e-i-sag) 'was split by': nesag <br />
(ne-esag) to split <br />
bamboo (for floors in temporary huts)': tesag (t-esag) <br />
'split bamboo for <br />
walls or floors' <br />
eseb: 'any burned-over area, such as that created in the <br />
preparation of a <br />
swidden'; e-i-seb 'prcierile passive of ngeseb'; ngeseb <br />
(ng-eseh) 'to burn over <br />
an area' <br />
esem: (see bua?) <br />
esit: 'small frog that lives in the stalks of banana trees' (cf. <br />
beraok,teleka?) <br />
esu: 'continuation of one action into another that follows <br />
immediately'; isu <br />
(e-i-su) 'preterile passive of ngesu'; ngesu (ng-esu) <br />
'continue doing one thing <br />
immediately after completing another' <br />
esub: 'act of knocking down'; suben-(esub-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngesub'; <br />
ngesub (ng-esub) 'knock down, as a buffalo or other <br />
corraled animal might <br />
knock down a fence lo escape' <br />
ela: 'fence': ngeta (ng-eta) 'to fence, fence in' <br />
eta?: 'slug (animal)' <br />
eteb: 'act of cutting: the mark left by cutting'; keteb (k-eteb) <br />
'either of the two <br />
pieces of wood produced by a splitting cut'; geteb <br />
(g-keteb) 'to cut a <br />
longitudinal piece (as a stick) in half <br />
eteh: 'area at the base of the spine: tail-bone' <br />
etek: 'popcorn': ngetek (ng-etek) 'make popcorn' <br />
eteng: 'button (as on a shirt)': ngeteng (ng-eteng) 'to button' <br />
etep (CB): 'bite, mark left by biting': itep (e-i-tep) 'was bitten by'; <br />
ngetep <br />
(ng-etep) 'to bite' (ambiguous for stems etep; getep: ketep) <br />
eti: 'tea' (English loan; cf. t6h) <br />
> <br />
etuk: 'heartbeat' <br />
etun: long handle, like a hoe handle' (cf. edha?) <br />
etung: 'meeting place' <br />
etut: 'a fart', ngetut(ng-etut) 'to fart' <br />
<br />
<br />
G<br />
<br />
gaber: 'picture'-, ngaber (ng-gaber) 'take pictures with a camera' (Malay <br />
loan) <br />
gagap (PM): 'startled' ngagap (ng-gagap) 'startle someone' (cf. agap) <br />
gaing: 'spinning top (popular in competitive games)' <br />
galih: 'strong' (cf. kail, tu?eh) <br />
garnet: 'hawk' <br />
gamung: 'aimless action' ;gamur) gamung 'doing something aimlessly, as <br />
child- <br />
ren playing around aimlessly, or housefies buzzing about': <br />
peregamung <br />
(pere-gamung) 'fly around aimlessly, as bees' (cf. pegainung) <br />
gareng (JU): 'roaring (as ;I animal) <br />
gatel: 'itchy: red spot from a rash' (cf. mueh) <br />
gaun (JU): 'skirt' (English 'gown') <br />
gegheng1: 'lifting (as clouds, or an airplane lifting up into the air); the <br />
expression gegheng ieh was used in a traditional ceremony <br />
which included a <br />
contest of strength (kiding berek) in which young men would <br />
lie on the back <br />
and lift a bound, grown pig with one arm'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-gegheg) 'to lift' <br />
gegheng2: 'be numb with cold': gegengen (gegheng-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngegheng'; ngegheng (ng-geghrng) 'too numb with cold' <br />
geleng (CB): 'armlet for males' (cf. leku?) <br />
gelisek: 'ticklish'; ngelisek (ng-gelisek) 'to tickle, as a parent <br />
tickling a baby to <br />
make it laugh' <br />
genuluh: 'stalk of a riceplant without grain head' (cf. runguh) <br />
geregaji?: 'to saw' (Malay loan) <br />
geramih (CB): 'rice straw, rice stubble' (cf. deramih) <br />
gerawat: 'tangled, complicated' <br />
gerimu?: 'to grin' <br />
geriset: 'wrinkle (of skin or clothing)' <br />
gerut (CD): 'hard rice thal sticks lo the bottom of the pot afterr cooking'; <br />
ngerut <br />
(ng-gerut) 'scrape out hard rice from the bottom of the <br />
pol after cooking' <br />
gesimel (CB): 'bed bug' (cf. adel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
gelep: 'bite', getepen (getep-en) 'aorisi passive of ngetep'; <br />
ngetep (ng-getep)'to <br />
bite' (cf. etep, ketep) <br />
getu?en: 'star' (cf. gitu?en) <br />
gileg: 'feet nauseated, feel like vomiting when seeing something <br />
dingusting; <br />
make a startled movement as when someone pokes you in the <br />
ribs'; ngileg <br />
(ng-gileg) 'dig someone in lhe ribs' <br />
girung (PM): looking for something misplaced' (cf. giwen) <br />
gitu?en (CD): (see getu?en) <br />
giwen (JU}: 'untidy, having messy habits' <br />
gugut: 'bottom incisor tooth'; ngugut (n-gugut) 'bite with the <br />
incisors' (cf. <br />
u?it) <br />
guling (JU): (?): guling guling 'shake the head back and forth' <br />
guta: 'wade across a river'; getaan (guta-an) 'fording place, place <br />
where <br />
people usually wade across a river'; megeta (me-geta) 'help <br />
someone wade <br />
across a river' <br />
<br />
<br />
I<br />
<br />
ian: 'dehortative. don't' (cf. dara?) <br />
iat: 'breath; life, spirit, soul'; da?et iat 'sad'; niat (ne-iat) 'to <br />
breathe' <br />
ibal: 'some' <br />
iban: 'parent in law' <br />
ibhang: 'hindrance, intervention': nibhang (ng-ibhang) 'hinder, prevent, <br />
inter- <br />
vene' <br />
ibha?: 'kind of bark bowl used for emptying water' (cf. ebha?) <br />
ibhu?: longitudinal incision made on lhe ventral side of a fish or animal n <br />
remove the viscera': ngibhu?? (ng-ibhu?) 'make such an incision' <br />
idan: 'when?' <br />
idang (PM): 'sunlight' (cr midang) <br />
ideh: 'they (pl.): other people'; dideh (idih-ideh?) 'theirs' (cf. diweh. <br />
deteluh, <br />
dulun) <br />
idih (CB): 'it, thing mentioned; present, as a person' (ken idih ieh 'is he <br />
here/is he present?') <br />
idhung: 'nose' <br />
ieh: '3sg. subject and object: he, she, it; dieh (idih-ieh?) 'his' <br />
iih: 'who?' <br />
ikab: 'opening in the longhouse roof for the entrance of light and for <br />
the exit <br />
of smoke from the cooking fire' <br />
iko: '2sg. subject and object; you'; diko (idih-iko?) 'yours' <br />
ilad: 'kind of palm, the leaves of which are used for making hats' <br />
ilan: 'to lick' <br />
ileh1: 'intelligence, cleverness'; mileh (m-ileh) 'clever' <br />
ileh2: 'unit of measurement equal to about one yard' <br />
iiek: 'armpit' I <br />
ilun: 'nail of finger or toe'; i. tidhu? 'fngernail', i. kukud <br />
'toenail', i. item <br />
(lit 'black nail') 'tip of the fingernail' <br />
ilung: 'seed, corn kernel; meaning, purpose' (enun ilung muyuh marih <br />
idih? <br />
'what is your purpose in coming here?'); i. tenur: 'testicle' <br />
(cf. tenuran) <br />
ilut: 'cane used for caning'; ngilut (ng-ilut) 'strike someone with <br />
rattan, as in <br />
punishment' <br />
imet: 'a grasp, hold on something'; nimet (in-imet) 'was held by';: <br />
ngimet <br />
(ng-imet) 'to grasp, hold' (cf. itan) <br />
inam: 'a figure; act of counting'; nginam (ng-inam) 'to count' (cf. <br />
itung) <br />
inan: 'reason' <br />
ina?: 'my daughter (term of address?)' <br />
inat: 'a pull. tug'; nginat (ng-inat)'to pull, tug'; pepinat <br />
(pep-inat) 'tug-of-war' <br />
ineh: 'that (demonstrative)': kineh(k-ineh) 'that way' (cf. engi) <br />
inih: 'this'; kinih (k-inih) 'this way; now' <br />
io: 'knife' <br />
ipa?1: 'black skin mole' <br />
ipa?2: leaf used as a seasoning agent' <br />
i?ik (JU): (see labo) <br />
i?ir: 'sharpened'; ngi?ir (ng-i?ir) 'to sharpen' (cf. asa, tadem) <br />
i?it : little, small' (cf. kedi?it, si'?it) <br />
irang (CD): 'slope of a mountain' (cf. tukedh ) <br />
irat: 'coming'; mirat (me-irat) 'come' (let ngapeh iral muyuh <br />
'where do you <br />
come from?'); i.edho 'direction of the rising sun' <br />
iro: 'madness, insanity'; miro (m-iro) 'mad, insane' <br />
irup: 'what is dnink; way of drinking'; mirup (em-irup) 'to drink'; <br />
nirup <br />
(in-irup) 'was drunk by'; rupan (irup-an) 'watering hole for <br />
animals in the <br />
jungle'; rupen (imp-en) 'aorist passive of mirup'; ngirup <br />
(ng-irup) 'to drink' <br />
(children's speech): pemirup (pemirup) 'container used to <br />
hold something to <br />
drink (jar, glass, etc.)' <br />
isa?: 'what one deserves' (in the expression: ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!') <br />
iseh: 'a file, instrument for filing'; ngiseh (ng-iseh) 'to file' <br />
isip1 (CB): 'plate with thin, glossy leaves which are used to wrap rice cakes, <br />
packages of rice, etc.' <br />
isip2: 'sheets of tin (before being made into tin cans)' <br />
isi?: 'contents' (Malay loan): nisi? (in-isi?) 'was filled by', <br />
ngisi? (ng-isi?) 'to <br />
fill'(cf. uang) <br />
isud1: 'marrow' (cf. used) <br />
isud2: 'sigh of relief <br />
itan: 'hold, grasp' (cf. imet) <br />
item (GT): 'blackness'; mitem (m-item) (CB) 'black'; ngitem (ng-item) 'black- <br />
<br />
en, darken'; item-item 'dirty'. <br />
iti: 'recognition'; ngiti (ng-iti) 'recognize someone', pepiti <br />
(pep-iti) 'recognze <br />
one anolher' <br />
iti?: female breast'; miti? (em-iti?) 'to suck, as a baby <br />
sucking at the <br />
breast'; ngiti? (ng-iti?) 'to suckle, as a mother sucking <br />
her baby' <br />
itun: 'a question': nitun (in-itun) 'was asked by', tunen <br />
(itun-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of ngitun'; ngitun (ng-itun) 'ask a question'; <br />
pepitun (pep-itun) <br />
'question one another' <br />
itung: 'a figure', act of Counting'; ngitung (ng-itung) 'to count' <br />
(probably a Malay <br />
loan: cf. inam) I <br />
iuh: 'elbow': miuh (ein-iuh) 'accidentally knock with the elbow'; <br />
ngiuh (ng- <br />
iuh) 'to elbow, knock with lhe elbow'; piuh (p-iuh) 'knock <br />
one another with <br />
the elbow' ! <br />
iuk (?): iuk iuk (JU) little by little' <br />
iung: 'rectangular wooden platform slightly hollowed out, with a <br />
hole in the <br />
center in which rice is pounded'; lobang iung 'the hole in <br />
the center of the <br />
iung'; betueh iung 'a wooden extension of the iung <br />
which lies under the <br />
lobang iung and catches lhe rice' <br />
iup: 'blowing'; ngiup (ng-iup) 'to blow' <br />
iur: 'tail (animal)'; iur iur 'used of someone who wants to be <br />
behind all the <br />
time in his work' <br />
iwa?: 'nine' <br />
<br />
<br />
J<br />
jawa: 'foreign country' (see peretak) <br />
julung: 'prow of a canoe' (cf. udhih) <br />
<br />
<br />
K<br />
kaber: 'pineapple' (see bua?) <br />
kabing: lefl side': pekabing (pe-kabing) 'on the left side' <br />
kadang: long, as a stick' (cf. rawir) <br />
kadi?1: 'because' <br />
kadi?2 (CB): 'small' <br />
kail: 'strong (of a person)' (cf. galih, tu?eh) <br />
kak: ('?)'. kak kak 'sound of cackling (onom.)' <br />
kalang: 'thick creeper from which latex is collected' <br />
kalat: 'rope' (cf. nuper) <br />
kamih: 'we (pi. excl.)': dikamih (idih-kamih?) 'ours' (cf. kediweh, <br />
keleluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
kanid: 'cousin, child of MZ, MB,FZ or FB'; k. dedhur 'female cousin'; k. <br />
dela?ih 'male cousin (reference)', k. la?ih 'male cousin <br />
(address)': k. <br />
midhed 'first cousin' <br />
kapak: 'axe' (Malay loan, cf. uay) <br />
kapal: 'thick' <br />
kapeh: 'how?' <br />
kapur: lime, chalk' <br />
karar: 'a slant': ngarar (ng-karai-) 'place something in a slanting <br />
position' <br />
karo: 'act of scratching': ngaro (ng-karo) 'scratch an itchy part' (cf. <br />
ngeramit) <br />
karuh (CB): 'what is said, words'; nekaruh (ne-karuh) 'to talk, speak' <br />
kasang (CB): 'peanuts' (Malay loan) <br />
katem (CB): 'wood plane, implement for planing wood' <br />
kato: locust, grasshopper' k. umeng 'cricket' <br />
katu: 'ancestor, descendant; a continuation of anything' (cf. pekatu) <br />
<br />
kawan: 'friend' (Malay loan; cf. paad) <br />
kawit: 'accidentally cut or scratched by being brushed with a machete (as <br />
when working next to someone cutting grass)' <br />
kaya?: 'weak' <br />
kayep: 'swimming'; kayep kayep 'dog-paddle in the water'; perekayep <br />
(pere-kayeh) 'to swim for one's life (GT); to dog-paddle (CB)' <br />
(cf. languy) <br />
kayuh: 'wood, tree'; k apuy 'firewood'; k. aru? <br />
'casuarina (used for <br />
firewood)'; k. ipak 'small logs used in fireplace'; k. main <br />
'cinnamon', k. <br />
tumuh '.soft wood tree with fine grain and thick, oval leaves <br />
(used for timber <br />
and for obtaining resin for lamps)' <br />
ke-: 'ordinal prefix for numerals' <br />
kedaluh: 'a fight, quarrel; kindaluh (k-in-edaluh) 'preterite passive of nge- <br />
<br />
daluh'; ngedaluh (ng- kedaluh) 'to fight, quarrel with'; <br />
pekedaluh (pep- <br />
kedaluh) 'fight each other' (cf. daluh) <br />
kedelan: 'choke, choke on' (cf. meker, pekan) <br />
kedi?it: little, small in amount, of time' (na?it kedi?it 'wait a little') <br />
(cf. i?it, <br />
si?it) <br />
kediweh: 'we (dual excl.)' (cf. kamih, keteluh, kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
keduit (JU): ladle, scoop' <br />
kedha: 'able to withstand pain'; kedaan (kedha-an) 'suffering'; ngedha, <br />
(ng- <br />
kedha) 'suffer' <br />
kedhep: 'a blink, act of blinking'; kedhep kedhep 'blink constantly or <br />
repeatedly' <br />
kejem: 'a grimace'; nekejem (ne-kejem) 'to grimace, make a face' <br />
kekal: 'break off, snap off; ngekal(ng-kekal) 'to pick, pluck froif <br />
kekeb (CB): lid, cover of something'; ngekeb (ng-kekeb) 'to cover' (cf, a?eb, <br />
ekeb) <br />
kekelit: 'small insectivorous bat' (cf. pawat) <br />
kekeng(CB): 'to shrink, as clothing' <br />
kelab: 'flapping', nekelab (ne-kelab) 'flap the wings, as a rooster <br />
before <br />
crowing' (cf. nekebher) <br />
kelabet(CB): 'gibbon' (cf. bedhuk, berangad, kuyad) <br />
kelatih (CB): 'earthworm' (cf. kereruer, uled) <br />
kelawa? (PM): 'spider' (cf. kelelawa?) <br />
keled (JU): 'kind of black and red spotted fish with a large mouth' <br />
kelelawa? (CB): 'spider' (cf. kelawa.?) <br />
kelibung: 'material, fabric (G'l'): clothing (CB)' (cf. anuk) <br />
kelingay: 'mirror', ngelingay (ng-kelingay) look in the mirror' <br />
kelio: 'wild ox with large involuted horns: Bos gaurus (nearly <br />
extinct at the <br />
time of data collection in 1969) <br />
keli? (CB): 'know (facts)' <br />
keluit: 'fishhook': ngeluit (ng-keluit) 'to fish with hook and line' <br />
kemu?: 'short (height, length), brief; to summarize' <br />
ken1: 'according to (someone or something)' <br />
ken2: 'particle used to form yes-no questions' <br />
kenaman (CB): 'pass out' (cf, redhan) <br />
kenanak: 'sibling'; k. delaih 'brother (can also be used for a close <br />
friend)', k. <br />
dedhur 'sister'; k. i?it (CB) 'younger sibling'; k. <br />
rayeh (CB) 'older sibling' <br />
kenangan: 'the nipa palm: Nipa fruticans' <br />
kenen: 'eat (imperative)' (see kuman, nuk) <br />
kenep (CB): 'each, every'; k. edho 'each day, every day' <br />
keniw: 'eagle' <br />
kenu?: 'sexual intercourse (vulgar)'; ngenu? (ng-kenu?), pekenu? <br />
(pep-kenu?) <br />
'to have sexual intercourse' (cf. patot, sait) <br />
kepit: 'shrunken (as a bean that has dried)' <br />
keraad: 'palate' <br />
keramut: 'small mango variety' (see bua?) <br />
kera?: 'crab' I <br />
kerayab: 'sit in a sloppy or disrespectful manner, sit with limbs <br />
akimbo' <br />
kereb1: 'permitted, allowed; can, able, capable' <br />
kereb2: 'fit, suitability, compatibility with desire'; doo? kereb to <br />
just fit (as <br />
shoes)', doo? kereb ain 'just sweet enough (of taste)' <br />
<br />
kereja (CB): 'work' (Malay loan) <br />
kerekern: 'claw'; ngerekem (ng-kerekem) 'to claw, scratch with claws' <br />
kereruang (CB): land snail' (cf. akep, keruang) <br />
kereruar(CB): 'intestinal worm, flatworm' (cf. kelatih, uled) <br />
kerid: 'vegetables (generic)' <br />
keruang (CB): land snail" (cf. akep, kereruang) <br />
kerubaw: 'carabao, water buffalo' (loan, probably from Malay) <br />
kerud (CB): 'a scrape or abrasion'; ngrud (ng-kerud) 'to scrape <br />
something' <br />
keted: 'back (human)'; neketed (ne-kete4) 'turn one's back on <br />
someone'; <br />
peketed (pep-keted) 'sit back to back' <br />
keleluh: 'we (trial excl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, kiteh, tauh, <br />
teluh) <br />
ketep: 'mark left by a bite'; ngetep (u-ketep) 'to bite <br />
(considered less crude <br />
than ngubit)' (cf. etep,. getep) <br />
keter(CB): (see labo) <br />
ketian: 'thread' (Malay loan) <br />
ketuh: 'very, really'; doo? ketuh 'very good' <br />
keturu?: 'get hurt' <br />
kiding: lifting'; k. berek 'pig lifting (traditional contest in which <br />
men would <br />
see who could lift a pig)'; ngiding (ng-kiding) 'to lift' <br />
<br />
kiki (CB): 'hair that is shaved off; r)iki (D-kiki) 'shave offhair' <br />
kikid: 'vegetable soup' <br />
kilat(CB): lightning' <br />
kilu?: 'bend, curve (as a road)'; kemilu? (k-em-ilu?) 'move in a <br />
winding or <br />
meandering manner'; kinilu? (k-in-ilu?) 'result of <br />
bending (e.g. if a tree <br />
falls across a path and a detour must be made around it <br />
the new path is <br />
called kinilu?)'; ngilu? (ng-kilu?) 'bend something' <br />
kibet(JU): 'heal' (cf. pali?) <br />
kimuh: 'abscess, boil' <br />
kinan: (see kuman) <br />
kineh (JU): 'that way' (cf. inch) <br />
kinih: 'now; this way' (cf. inih) <br />
ki?ik (CB): 'bamboo piece turned by a wind-driven propeller so as to creak <br />
and frighten birds from the fields'; ngeki?ik <br />
(nge-ki'/ik) 'to creak (trees in the <br />
wind, doors when opened, floorboards underfoot)' <br />
kiteh: 'we dual (inci.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, tauh, teluh) <br />
<br />
kopi: 'coffee' (English loan) <br />
ku: 'sentence particle (?)'; cf. ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!' <br />
kuan (CB): 'to, for (a person)' <br />
kubil: leather, hide, as of deer or buffalo' (cf. anit) <br />
kuden: 'earthen pot' <br />
kudhuy: 'stretch out onej's legs' <br />
kuh: 'lsg. agent and possessor; me, my* <br />
ku?: 'for': ku? enun 'for what = why?' <br />
kuir (JU): 'clouded leopard' <br />
kuk: (?); kuk kuk: 'sound of a dog barking (onom.)' <br />
kukud: 'foot, leg' <br />
kuku?uk: 'sound of cawing (onom.)' <br />
kukur (CB): 'kind of pigeon (turtle dove? )' (cf. meto) <br />
kulat1: 'mushroom, toadstool' <br />
kulat2: 'wake up' (cf. tu?i) <br />
kulit: 'skin (of people, animals, fruits, trees, bamboo)'; rice <br />
husk (singular: see <br />
padek), ngulit (ng-kulit) 'to skin (fruits, small <br />
tree, bamboo)' <br />
kulub: 'hollowed log laid inverted over the ridge of the roof to <br />
shed rain, <br />
ridgepole cover' <br />
kuman: 'to eat'; kinan (k-in-an) 'was eaten by (with incipient <br />
fossilization of <br />
the verb morphology)'; penguman (peng-kuman) <br />
'anything eaten with rice' <br />
(cf. peman) <br />
ku?an (CB): 'splinter' <br />
ku?el: 'wrist' <br />
ref ku?uk: 'cawing of a crow'; neku?uk (ne-ku?uk)'to caw, of a crow' <br />
kuri: 'ringworm; affected by ringworm' (cf. pulang) <br />
kusay: 'small onion, leek: Allium porrum' (Malay loan) <br />
kutang (CB): 'cockroach' <br />
kutuh: 'head louse, louse in the hair' (cf. adel, gesimel, li?a, <br />
tumeh) <br />
kuyad (CB): 'small gray, long-tailed monkey: long-tailed macaque' (cf. <br />
bedhuk, berangad, kelabet) <br />
kuyat: 'a scratch on the ground, as that made by a fowl in <br />
searching for food; <br />
the act of scratching'; nekuyat (ne-kuyat) 'to <br />
scratch the ground' <br />
kuyu?: 'buckskin garment that covers only the arms. worn for <br />
protection <br />
while engaged in certain types of work' (cf. sapa?) <br />
<br />
<br />
L<br />
laab: 'quicksand, soft mud in which people or animals sink when they walk <br />
(buffaloes often die in this)' <br />
laak1: 'ripe (fruits); cooked (stative)'; lakan (laak-an) 'ripeness'; <br />
laken <br />
(laak-en) 'thing cooked'; linaak (I-in-aak) 'was cooked by'; <br />
ngelaak (ng- <br />
laak) 'to cook (rice)' (cf. lened, tanek) <br />
laak2: 'year' <br />
laam: 'sour' <br />
laba (JU): 'pass by'; gelaba (g-laba) 'overtake' (cf. pelaba) <br />
labing: 'buttress roots, as the roots of the Casuarina' (cf. ramut, uat) <br />
labo: 'meat' <br />
labo: (?), 1. i?ik: 'rat'; 1. keler 'squirrel' <br />
labuh: 'gray, color of darker clouds'; labuh labuh (JU) 'dusty'; lemabuh <br />
(l-em-ahuh) 'gel oncscll covered wilh dust or ashes, as a child <br />
playing in <br />
the dirt, throw a temper tantrum (= 'roll in the dirt')' (cf. <br />
abuh) <br />
ladeh: 'red chili pepper': ngeladeh (ng-ladeh) 'make food hot by spicing <br />
it wilh <br />
red chili pepper' <br />
lai: 'outside, the outside of: pelai (pe-lai): 'outside (as <br />
outside a social <br />
group)' (cf. aping) <br />
lajang: 'heavy iron cooking pot' <br />
lakut (CB): 'the bending of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk; act of <br />
pulling a branch or the lip of a bamboo stalk down': <br />
belakut (be-lakut) 'beni <br />
down, of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk'; binlakut <br />
(b-in-e-lakut). <br />
linakut (l-in-akut) 'preterite passive of melakut': melakut <br />
(ng-be-lakut) <br />
'bend or pull a branch of bamboo stalk over <br />
lalaw: 'mythical dragon that lives in the river <br />
laled: 'black housefly' (cf. lango) <br />
lalid: 'ear' (cf. dalid) <br />
laman: 'pasture for buffalos <br />
lamud1: 'mixture': ngelamud (nge-lamud), melamud (ng-pe-lamud)'to mix': <br />
<br />
pelamud (pelamud) 'mixed' <br />
lamud2: 'yeast' <br />
lana: 'smooth and shiny, as a bald head': ngelana (ng-lana) 'make <br />
smooth' (cf. <br />
tepi) I <br />
lanit: 'skinning, peeling off; linanit (I-in-anit) 'was <br />
skinned by'; ngelanit <br />
(ng-lanit) 'to skin, peel bark from trees' (cf. anit) <br />
langan: 'blowpipe dart' ; <br />
langit: 'sky' <br />
lango: large bluish-green fly, horsefly' (cf. laled) <br />
langu?: 'brother-in-law, sister-in-law' <br />
languy: 'swimming': languy languy 'dog-paddle in the water'; lemanguy <br />
(1- <br />
em-anguy) 'swim for fun or enjoyment; float'; selanguy <br />
(se-languy) 'float' <br />
(cf. kayep) <br />
lao: 'glossy, as the fur of a healthy animal' <br />
lapung: lamp' (from Malay lampu; cf. dawan) <br />
laput: 'cloud' <br />
la?al: 'chicken'; 1.ekiw 'heron' <br />
la?eh: 'more (some still left)' <br />
la?ih: 'male'; 1. rayeh 'old man' (cf. babuy,dela?ih) <br />
la?ud 'downriver, toward the sea'; mela?ud (me-la?ud) 'downriver' <br />
la?uh: 'hungry' <br />
lati?: 'swidden, dry rice field; work on a swidden'; 1. baa? 'rice <br />
paddy, wet <br />
rice field' (cf. kereja) <br />
lato: 'oily (from animal fat)' (cf. ebha? rudheng) <br />
lau?: 'warm. hot': 1. dame 'lukewarm' <br />
lawe: 'walk': lawe lawe 'walk about aimlessly'; linawe (I-in-awe) <br />
'walked; a <br />
trip, journey' <br />
laya?: 'soft'; ngelaya? (ng-laya?) 'soften' <br />
layo(CB): 'tame, docile'; ngelayo (ng-layo) 'tame an animal' <br />
layuh: 'wither'; lemayuh (l-em-ayuh) 'to wither (as a plant withering <br />
of its <br />
own accord)'; linayuh (I-in-ayuh) 'preterite passive of <br />
ngelayuh'; ngelayuh <br />
(ng-layuh) 'make something wither, as by pulling it close <br />
to the fire' <br />
1eh: ' term of familiarity used among males' <br />
ledham (CB): 'nauseated, as from eating too much pork fat' <br />
lega: 'bench; floor in jungle hut' <br />
leghu?: 'thunder' <br />
leh: 'about to (do)' (leh me uih I'm going to go /l want to go') <br />
lekak (PM): 'peeling'; ngelekak (n-lekak) 'peel or take off the top layer' <br />
lekat: 'give up some activity voluntarily' <br />
lekedhang (CB): 'morning' (cf. edhag, uka) <br />
leki?: 'high-pitched, as a girl's voice' (cf. dengur) <br />
lekoa: large variety of ginger: Alpinia galanga' (cf. lieh) <br />
leku?: 'bracelet of plant fibers, ivory, etc. worn by females' (cf. <br />
geleng) <br />
leleg: 'residue left after drinking something' <br />
leleng: 'dam made of branch <br />
<br />
<br />
in the river' <br />
lem: 'at, in'; 1. uang 'inside' <br />
lematek: 'jungle leech' <br />
lemek: 'fat of an animal, grease' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemuh: 'fat, obese (people, ailimals)' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemulun (CB): 'person, humap being' (cf. demulun, dulun) <br />
lemuned (JU): 'in the middle' (cf. uned) <br />
lena? (PM): 'recede, of river water' (cf. ngena?) <br />
lened (CB): 'cooking of vegetables'; gelened (g-lened) 'cook vegelables' (c.f <br />
<br />
laak, tanek) : <br />
lengen: 'arm' <br />
lengu: 'slipped off (silirt, snike skin. etc.)': ngelengu (o-legu) <br />
'take off, remove <br />
anything that encircles, as a bracelet, necklace, shirt' <br />
(cf. selengu) <br />
lepag: 'chipped' <br />
lepa? (CB); 'foam. suds' <br />
lepeku?: 'very small pond' (cf. takung) <br />
lepo: 'hut in the jungle where one can stay overnight when <br />
travelling away <br />
from the village; temporary shelter'; 1. pade 'rice <br />
granary' <br />
let: 'from' <br />
leta?: 'a crack; cracked' <br />
liang: 'under'; 1. ruma?' 'area under the longhouse, where <br />
domesticated <br />
animals are kept'; peliang(pe-liang) 'below beneath' <br />
libuh1 (JU): 'a fruit, the guava: Psidium guava' <br />
libuh2(CB): 'round'; ngelibuh (ng-libuh) 'to circle; make something round' <br />
libut (CB): 'circle': ngelibut (ng-libut) 'go around'; pelibut (pe-libut) <br />
(CB): <br />
'encircle, surround game in hunting' <br />
lidik (JU): 'cutting of undergrowth'; lemidik (l-em-idik) 'cut <br />
undergrowth' <br />
lidha?: 'sputum (saliva that has been expectorated)'; ngelidha? <br />
(ng-lidha?) 'to <br />
spit' (cf. aka?, redhen) <br />
lieh: 'small variety of ginger: Zingiber officinale' (cf. lekoa) <br />
<br />
liget (CB): 'turning of the head': lemiget (l-em-iget) 'turn the head'; <br />
liget liget <br />
'turn the head this way and lhal repeatedly'; <br />
ligeten (ligct-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of liget' <br />
liip (CB): 'sound made by contracting the lips and sucking in the <br />
breath <br />
forcefully, as in pain or when tasting something with <br />
an intensely bitter or <br />
sweet quality: smack the lips' <br />
lili: 'covetous (after things)' (cf. manga) <br />
limeh 'five' <br />
lino: 'calm and clear, of water (esp. in a paddy field)' <br />
linuh: 'thought, sentiment: the shuddering feeling experienced <br />
when someone <br />
scratches bamboo with the fingernails': ngelinuh <br />
(ng-linuh) 'to think' <br />
lipa (JU): (see lipeh) <br />
lipang: (?): I. pade: 'rice with empty husk (no grain inside)' <br />
lipeh (CB): 'side, as of the body' <br />
lipen: 'tooth' <br />
lipi: 'thin, of materials' (cf. nipi, rugu?) <br />
li?a: louse egg, nit' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, tumeh) <br />
, <br />
li?ip: 'shoulder blade, scapula' <br />
li?o: 'crystal clear, as water that one can see through to <br />
the bottom'; keli?o <br />
(ke-li?o) 'understand': ngeli?o (i]-keli?o) 'know' <br />
liu? (JU): 'slippery' <br />
lobang: 'hole' (Malay loan): lobang lalid 'aperture of the ear' <br />
(cf. lubang) <br />
luang: 'fish'; 1. pelian 'large fish that is caught with the <br />
use of tubeh. This is <br />
the largest fish in thp Bario area, and the most <br />
important fish eaten by the <br />
Kelabit people' <br />
lubang ruma?: 'individual door or compartment in the longhouse' (probably <br />
= <br />
lobang) <br />
lubid (JU): 'act of rolling over'; ngelubid (ng-lubid) 'roll something <br />
over (as a <br />
log)' (cf. rier) <br />
ludek: 'mud' <br />
lueng: 'dent, depression'; ngelueng (ng-lueng) 'to dent, make a <br />
dent or depression <br />
in something' <br />
luka?: 'fall (while on the ground), slip and fall down' (cf. <br />
petedheng, tutu?) <br />
Iuko?: 'rolled tobacco' (cf. siguk) <br />
lulud: 'shin' <br />
lulun: 'a roll of something': linulun (I-in-ulun) 'was rolled up <br />
by'; ngelulun (ng- <br />
lulun) 'roll up (a mat, tobacco leaf, etc.)' <br />
lumut: 'moss' <br />
lun: 'person, people (in certain expressions only)' <br />
lunek: 'thick, juicy lining inside the seed coat in a jack:fruit' <br />
lunu?: 'gums' <br />
lunging: 'rice mortar' <br />
lungun(CB): 'coffin (term used by older generation)' (cf. benang) <br />
lupa (JU): 'naked' (cf. uang uang) <br />
lupu (I'M): to overflow, boil over (of liquids, in cooking)' (cf. ubhir) <br />
lupuk: 'blister' <br />
lupung: 'a float; lo floal (as a dead leaf)'; lemupung (l-em-upung) <br />
'to float (as a <br />
fish)' (cf. belel) <br />
lu?eh: 'sleepiness'; lu?eh lu?eh 'sleepy'; ngelu?eh (ng-lu?eh) 'be <br />
sleepy' <br />
lutak: 'muddy, dirty (from work or play)' (cf. luyu?) <br />
lutut: 'muddy (of unclear water)' <br />
luud (CB): (?): luud luud 'slide back and forth while sitting' <br />
luun: 'on, upon'; peluun (pe-luun) 'above' <br />
luyu?: 'dirty, untidy' (cf. lutak) <br />
<br />
M<br />
<br />
mabuk (CB): 'drunk' <br />
mado: 'far' (cf. muneng) <br />
madu: 'forehead' <br />
mae? (JLJ): 'to love' (cf. mawa) <br />
majan: 'papaya' (see bua?) <br />
malem: 'several days ago; dark (used in this sense only by older <br />
generation <br />
according to CB)'; ngi malem 'yesterday' (cf. alem; ngilad) <br />
rnameg (JU): 'slap someone on the back accidentally' <br />
manuk: 'bird': m.elung 'jungle fowl' <br />
manga: 'greedy (for food; cf. lili)' <br />
ma?un: 'first (in a contest); old (of things)'; pema?un (pe-ma?un) 'in <br />
front <br />
of, ahead of (cf. dadan, ngered) <br />
marih: 'come' <br />
manin: 'color of the smoke-darkened area around a fireplace' <br />
mata?: 'raw, unripe, uncooked' <br />
mateh: 'eye' <br />
matu?1: 'approach, move toward something as a result of definite, <br />
intentional <br />
action' <br />
matu?2: look after someone (as a child); observe' <br />
mawa (PM): 'surprised' <br />
mawan(CB): 'seen, visible' <br />
mayad (JU): leak out little by little, as rice from a hole in a basket' (cf. <br />
rurug) <br />
maya?: 'direction; follow; in accordance with' <br />
mayung: 'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
me1: 'and, with' <br />
me2: 'go. go to'; mine(m-in-e) 'went. went to' (cf. eme) <br />
mededhen: 'work at something, as a craft (cf. edhen) <br />
medueh: 'you (dual)' (cf. meteluh, muyub) <br />
meghel (CB): 'stay with a small child to make him sleep' <br />
mekaar: 'wind wire or rattan around something' <br />
meker: 'have something stuck in the throat' (cf. kedelan, pekan) <br />
mekud: 'poke someone or something that is above you (fruit, person, <br />
object <br />
lodged in a tree branch) with a stick to make it fall or <br />
come down' <br />
mela1: 'cleared, of an area in the jungle' <br />
mela2: 'to massage' <br />
melepet: 'to corrupt the form of a word' <br />
meliun: 'million' (English loan) <br />
melukung: 'carry a child, basket or anything non-elongated on the <br />
shoulders' <br />
menad: 'climb stairs or a tree' <br />
menaken: 'nephew, niece' (see anak) <br />
menebhur: 'rice porridge' <br />
menegeg: 'mythical monster that lives in rivers and lakes' <br />
menegeg: 'hornbill sp.' (cf. metuy, temengang) <br />
menerang: 'poisonous snake, type of cobra' <br />
menipal: 'generic term for poisonous insects and other creepy-crawly <br />
creatures <br />
(including centipedes, scorpions, spiders)'; m. kera? <br />
'scorpion' <br />
menul: 'push something standing upright' (cf. eduh) <br />
meri (JU): 'dried up. as a stream' <br />
metanur: 'chase (as an animal in the hunt)' <br />
metapu? (JU): 'to marry, be married; to add' <br />
metatad (JU): 'remind .someone to do something' <br />
meteluh: 'you (trial)' (cf. medueh, muyuh) <br />
meti? (CB): 'to kick' <br />
meto: 'pigeon with metallic greenish breast' (cf. kukur) <br />
mututub: hit someone else's face on the foor (as in a fight)' <br />
metuy: 'hrnbill sp. with long tail feathers' (cf. menengang, <br />
temengang) <br />
midang (CB): 'sunlight, daylight'; beruh m. 'daylight hours from about 8 to 10 <br />
<br />
in the morning': me m. 'to go dry something-in the sun' <br />
(cf. edhang1, idang) <br />
midih: (cf. nuk) <br />
midheh: 'first; once, cut through wood with a single stroke' (cf. <br />
edheh, kanid) <br />
migu? (JU): 'ashamed' <br />
mija (CB): 'table' (Malay loan) <br />
milem: 'purple, color of a bruise, "black and blue' "(cf. direm) <br />
milo: 'glaring, of bright sunlight on the surface of water' (cf. <br />
silo) <br />
miluh(CB): 'eat something poisonous so as to become sick and vomit' <br />
mubud (CB): 'pour water into a pot' <br />
mubut (CB): 'step on something (as a nail) that pierces the foot' <br />
mudang (JU): 'stay at home when one would normally go out, as during work- <br />
ing hours' <br />
mudhih: 'behind, last'; pemudhih (pe-mudhih) 'at the back, behind' <br />
mueh: 'pimple' (cf. gatel) <br />
muh: '2sg. agent and possessor: you, your' <br />
mukul (PM): 'disposition'; da?et mukul lazy'; doo? mukul 'diligent' (cf. <br />
eghul, ukul) <br />
mula?: 'much, many' <br />
muli?: 'return home' <br />
muned (CB): 'correct' (= connected with uned 'middle'?) <br />
muneng: 'near' (cf. mado) <br />
muno: 'behavior, sense of how to behave': na?em muno 'foolish (of a <br />
child)' <br />
(cf. serawe) <br />
munung: 'face' <br />
mupun (CB): 'grandchild' <br />
mura? (JU): 'transfer' <br />
murat: to bleed'(cf. dara?) <br />
muru?: 'wash (dishes, hands)' (cf. pupu?) <br />
mutuh: 'to ask, request something (an object, favor, etc.)' <br />
muut: 'turn around and go back' <br />
muyuh: 'you (pl.)'; dimuyuh (idih-muyuh?) 'yours' (cf. medueh, meteluh) <br />
<br />
N<br />
<br />
nakan: 'small jackfruit variety' (see bua?) <br />
namuk: 'sandfly' (cf. tukung) <br />
nanan (CB): 'kind of stinging insect' <br />
nana?: 'pus' <br />
nani: 'sing'; menani (me-nani?) (CB) 'sing' (Malay loan) <br />
nange: 'there (where the receiver is, esp. the receiver of a letter)' (cf. <br />
ngi engi, <br />
ng-ineh) <br />
na?an: 'soon, near future (within the same day or hour)' (cf. riak) <br />
na?eh: 'just now, a moment ago' <br />
na?em: 'no, none, don't have' <br />
na?ul: 'throw away rubbish' <br />
nari (CB): 'to measure' <br />
natad: 'open ground near the longhouse where children like to play <br />
spinning <br />
tops' <br />
nateng: 'dammar, tree resin (burned in torches)' <br />
nauk(CB): 'boiling, starting to bubble' <br />
naun: 'steam: <br />
neh1: 'already' <br />
neh2: '3sg, agent and possessor; him, his, her, hers. It, Its' <br />
nekebher: 'to flap or flutter a few times, as a bird flapping its wings before <br />
flying' (cf. kelab) <br />
nekilo1: 'frighten birds or animals (but not people)' <br />
nekilo2: 'just barely glimpsed, as a fish under the water' <br />
nepipin (JU): 'arrange, put in order' <br />
nesinge?: 'to low, of a carabao' <br />
nipi: 'thin, of materials (less common than lipi, q.v.)' <br />
nituh: 'section of housepost from the betadan upward' <br />
nuba?: 'cooked rice' <br />
nuk: 'thing, substance'; n. kenen 'food'; n. midih 'property' <br />
nukat: 'to dig' <br />
nulis: 'write' (Malay loan; cf. ayud, urit) <br />
nutud (CD): to burn' <br />
nutun (CB): 'to taste, try, challenge' <br />
nutuy (JU): 'in travelling, stay behind someone who is slow to keep him or her <br />
moving' <br />
nabang: 'ambush someone' <br />
ngadan: 'name'; petengadan (pep-te-ngadan) name-calling, calling one <br />
another <br />
names'; tengadan (te-ngadan)'be given a name' <br />
ngadel: 'dull, blunt' <br />
ngae: 'slow' <br />
ngae?1: 'hummingbird' <br />
ngae?2: 'pity. sympathy'; ng. ada? 'pity his soul!; pity him!' <br />
ngai: 'sound of a baby crying (onom.)' <br />
ngale: 'fox' <br />
nganga: 'gape (n)': nganga nganga 'open and close the mouth habitually or <br />
<br />
involuntarily' (cf. tenganga) <br />
ngangeh: 'mouth of bubuh fish trap' <br />
ngapeh: 'where?' (cf. ebheh) <br />
nga?eh: 'horn' (cf.(aduk) <br />
ngaro: 'snatch something from someone' <br />
ngaur (CO): 'remove rice from the pot and wrap it after cooking' <br />
ngayung: 'recite an incantation over a sick: person to assist his <br />
recovery' <br />
ng?: 'sound of a carabao lowing (onom.)' <br />
ngegha, (CB): 'rub the eyes, as when something has gotten inside and is <br />
irritating them' <br />
ngeh: 'ligature linking lower numerals with pulu?, ratu or ribuh' <br />
ngelab (CB): 'apply a poultice' <br />
ngele: 'pick the weak point in the line when fighting the enemy' <br />
ngeletad: 'make a backward stroke with the leg, of fighting cocks' (cf, <br />
teletad) <br />
ngelima: 'rub something between the palms of the hands' <br />
ngen1: 'and, with' <br />
ngen2: 'particle preceding personal names and titles' <br />
ngen3: 'to' <br />
ngena? (JU): 'recede, of the river' (cf. lena?) <br />
ngeraad: 'to hunt with spears and dogs' (cf. badil) <br />
ngeramit: 'scratch hard (as a cat)' (cf. karo) <br />
ngered: 'old (people): almost ripe (fruits)' (cf. dadan, ma?un) <br />
ngeren : 'pregnant, of people (more polite than malih)' <br />
ngerimer (JU): 'to wrinkle something' <br />
ngerurung: 'rinse, wash out the mouth or other object that is not scrubbed out <br />
<br />
with the hand, but rather rinsed out with water' <br />
ngi: 'at; of; about'; ngengi (ngi engi) ''there (not near addressee)'; <br />
ngineh (ngi ineh) <br />
'there, at that place (near addressee)': nginih (ngi inih) <br />
'here, at this place': <br />
ngilai (ngi lai) 'outside' <br />
ngiet: 'tie something so that it hangs down' <br />
ngiil: 'to lick' <br />
gilad: 'several days ago (further in the past than malem)' <br />
ngilan1(PM): 'crop of a bird' <br />
ngilan2: 'pith of a corn kernal' <br />
ngilang (JU): to soothe, as a crying child' <br />
ngilud (CB): 'burn a pig to remove the skin' <br />
ngitel: 'to pinch' <br />
nguam (CB): 'strike someone with a downward blow of the fist' (cf. bukut) <br />
ngudeh: 'why?' <br />
ngukab (CD): 'to open, as a door' <br />
ngukul: 'poke into any kind of hole with a finger, stick, etc.' <br />
ngupat: 'answer, respond to (an accusation, etc.)' <br />
ngusu: 'push something .into' <br />
ngusul : let or cause something to slide lengthwise (as someone sliding a log <br />
<br />
down a hill)' <br />
<br />
<br />
P<br />
<br />
paad: level cut as at the end of a piece of lumber: same': paad paad 'go <br />
together, match, be compatible (as personalities)'; piaaad <br />
(p-in-aad) 'friend' <br />
(cf. kawan) <br />
padang (CB): 'field' <br />
pade: 'riceplant, rice in the field' <br />
padek: 'rice husk (collective term)' (cf. kulit) <br />
padi: 'brush against when passing' <br />
paet(CB): 'chisel' (cf. pa?et) <br />
pajar (CB): 'lean on'; majar (ng-pajar)'to lean something on something else' <br />
pajung: 'flattery'; majung (ng-pajung) 'to flatter' <br />
pakay (CB): 'to use' (Malay loan) <br />
pakel (IV): 'decorative binding of palm fibers worn just under the knee' <br />
pako?: 'a nail' (loan, probably from Malay); mako? (ng-pako?)'to <br />
nail, ham- <br />
mer a nail' <br />
pakub: 'a knock; a striking together (of two objects, people colliding, <br />
etc,)'; <br />
makub (ng-pakub) 'knock, strike together' <br />
palad (CB): 'palm of the hand, sole of the foot' (cf. penalad) <br />
palang: 'a cross' <br />
palid: 'blown away, as papers in the wind'; malid (ng-palid) 'let <br />
something be <br />
blown away by the wind' (malid pade 'winnow rice by <br />
tossing the grains in <br />
the air on a winnowing basket so that the wind will carry <br />
off the husk') <br />
pali? (JU): 'heal' (cf. kibet) <br />
paluh: 'flour made from the pith of a thorny palm, acquired in trade <br />
from the <br />
Penan' <br />
pana1: 'slingshot' <br />
pana2 (PM): 'sweat' <br />
pana?: 'act of spinning, as a top'; mana? (ng-pana?) 'spin a top at <br />
someone <br />
else's top to hit it and knock it out; hit and sting, of <br />
bees in a swarm striking <br />
one by one'; pinana? (p-in-ana?) 'preterite passive of <br />
mana?' s <br />
panid (JU): 'enough; everyone' (cf. sukup) <br />
pango: 'bald' (cf. butal) <br />
pa?eh: 'thigh' <br />
pa?en1: 'areca palm and nut' <br />
pa?en2: 'carrying stick'; ma?en (ng-pa?en) 'carry something long on the <br />
shoulders <br />
pa?et: 'chisel (cf. paet) <br />
pa?id: 'duster, mop, anything used to wipe; accidental wiping':; <br />
ma?id <br />
(ng-pa?id) 'wipe'; pina?id (p-in-a?id) 'was wiped by' <br />
pa?it: 'bitter' <br />
pa?uh: 'fern that grows by the riverbank' <br />
paran (CB): 'traditional upper class in native social system' (cf. demulun) <br />
para?: latex' <br />
parir: 'poison (any poison, including that for blowpipe darts)'; <br />
marir (ng-parir) <br />
'poisonous' (cf. rasun) <br />
pasiw: 'sold'; masiw (ng-pasiw) 'to sell', pepasiw (pep-pasiw) 'to <br />
trade, sell to <br />
one another'; pinasiw (p-in-asiw) 'was sold by' <br />
patar: 'alluvial plain' <br />
pate (CB): 'death of someone'; perepate (pere-pate) 'commit suicide ' (cf. <br />
ate2) <br />
patot(IV): 'to mate (used for animals; vulgar if used for humans)' (cf. <br />
kenu?, <br />
sait) <br />
patuk: 'sharpened and of arrow; arrowhead (of tin)' <br />
patun: 'a dam' <br />
pau: 'broken through (as a dam), penetrated'; mau (ng-pau) 'push a <br />
sharp point <br />
through' <br />
pawat: large fruit bat, flying fox' (cf. kekelit) <br />
payeh: 'watery, swamp-like area in the jungle' <br />
payo: 'deer'; p. runga? 'kind of deer with horns' (cf. tela?o) <br />
payung(CB): 'umbrella' (Malay loan; cf. ra?ung) <br />
pe-: 'locative particle' (see dingi, liang, luun, ma?un, mudhih) <br />
pebhed1(CB): 'end, extremity' (cf. peped) <br />
pebhed2(JU); 'way of tying' kepebhed (ke-pebhed) 'act of tying' (cf. bebhed) <br />
pedala?(JLJ): 'casting net'; medala? (ng-pedala?) 'to fish with casting net' <br />
(Malay loan) <br />
pededhan (CB): 'put something on top of something else, as the right foot on <br />
the left knee when silting with legs crossed' <br />
pedekan (PM): 'to choke' <br />
pedeket: 'hem, stitch, line of sewing on clothes'; medeket <br />
(ng-pedeket) 'to <br />
sew'; pindeket (p-in-e-deket) 'was sewed by' <br />
pedhi?: 'salty' <br />
peduh: 'gall, gall bladder'; na?em pedhuh 'idiotic, inconsiderate' <br />
pegamung: 'twisted or tangled, as thread or hairs'; megamung (ng-pegamung) <br />
'twist or tangle up something, as thread or hairs'; <br />
pinggamung (p-in-egarnung) <br />
'was twisted or tangled by' (cf. garnung, with which this <br />
form probably is <br />
related) <br />
peh1: 'so far, til now' <br />
peh2: 'so that, in order to' <br />
pejadi? (CB): 'to promise' (Malay loan) <br />
pekaa? (JU): 'changing, as a name'; mekaa? (ng-pekaa?) 'change' <br />
pekak: 'cackling'; nepekak (ne-pekak) 'to cackle, of a hen about to <br />
lay an egg <br />
or a chicken that is disturbed' <br />
* <br />
pekakang : 'be spread apart, stretched (of forceps that have been forced <br />
apart)'; <br />
mekakang (ng-pekakang) 'to spread or force apart, of <br />
forceps' <br />
pekatu: 'always, continually' (see katu) <br />
pekekeng: 'feel stiff or numb after sitting in one position for a long <br />
time' <br />
pekeneh(JU): 'believe' <br />
pekubul: 'cockfight' <br />
pekupat: 'turned contrary to the way it should be, as a person lying <br />
with his <br />
head at the foot of the bed': mekupat (ng-pekupat) <br />
'turn in a contrary <br />
manner': pekupat (pep-kupat) 'turn each other in <br />
a contrary manner': <br />
pingkupat (p-in-ekupat) 'was turned in a contrary <br />
manner by' <br />
pekutang: lying across or athwart, as a tree that has fallen across a <br />
path': <br />
ng-pekutang 'to stretch (a cable, etc.) across <br />
something' <br />
pelaba: 'very, extremely' (cf. laba) <br />
pelian: (see luang) j <br />
peliw (JU): 'slip from dne's grasp, as something that is too heavy to <br />
hold' (cf. <br />
beliw) <br />
pelubed: 'bent opposite to its usual position, as when the wind bends <br />
the <br />
leaves of a riceplant back, or when one's wrist is bent <br />
back; go to and fro in <br />
one day' <br />
peman (CB): 'feed'; meman (ng-peman) 'to feed (as a mother feeding her <br />
child)': pepeman (pep-peman) 'feed one another'; piman <br />
(p-e-i-man) 'was <br />
fed by' I <br />
penagan (CB): 'chopping board for meal' <br />
penalad: 'palm. sole', penalad kukud 'sole of the foot': penalad <br />
tidhu? 'palm <br />
of the hand' (cf. palad) <br />
penan: 'to feed'; berek penan 'domesticated pig (= pig to be fed)' <br />
<br />
peno (CB): 'theft; way of stealing'; meno (ng-peno) 'to steal'; pino <br />
(p-e-i-no) <br />
'was stolen by' <br />
penu?: 'full (as a basket or bag)'; menu? (ng-penu?) 'to fill': <br />
pinu?(p-i- <br />
nu?) 'preterite passive of menu?' <br />
pengeh: 'finishing': mengeh (ng-pengeh) 'to finish something'; <br />
pingeh (pe-i-ngeh) <br />
'preterite passive of mengeh' (cf. abi) <br />
penginud (JU): 'speech, parable, story with a moral' <br />
pengi?: 'clitoris'(cf.atet) <br />
peng?ulo?: 'goverment-appointed leader' (Malay loan) <br />
pepag (CB): 'a slap'; kepepag (ke-pepag) 'slapping (as a habitual <br />
aclion)'; <br />
mepag (g-pepag) 'lo slap', pemepag (peng-pepag) <br />
'thing used for slapping'; <br />
pepegag (pep-pepag) 'slap one another'; pipag <br />
(p-e-i-pag) 'was slapped by' <br />
pepang (CB): 'path made by hacking vegetation as one moves through the <br />
jungle'; mepang (ng-pepag) 'make a path by hacking <br />
vegetation as one <br />
moves through the jungle' <br />
peped: 'end (of a thing or action)' (of. pebhed) <br />
pepen: 'a cover, hidden'; mepen (ng-pepen) to cover (of food, <br />
etc.. but not of <br />
a hole); to hide,': pipen (p-e-i-pen) 'was covered <br />
by, was hidden by' <br />
pepepak: 'game in which people try to run through a rectangular area <br />
that is <br />
marked off into squares, each of which is guarded by <br />
someone' (connected <br />
with epak?) <br />
perada?: 'to jog. trot' (cf. upun) <br />
pera?it1: 'raft'; mera?it (ng-pera?it) 'make a raft' (cf. ra?it) <br />
pera?it2: 'strong thunder, thunderclap' <br />
peraruh (PM): 'mistaken', (cf. raruh) <br />
peredhep: 'close the eyes' (cf. nekedhep) <br />
peregai? (JU): 'talk at the same time (of two or more persons)' <br />
perek: 'oppressive, as a stuffy or overcrowded room; squeezing'; <br />
merek (ng- <br />
perek) 'to squeeze'; pirek (p-e-i-rek) 'was squeezed <br />
by' <br />
peretak: 'beans': p. jawa 'French beans'; p. kadang 'long beans'; <br />
p.dari small <br />
green beans' <br />
pering : 'dry, of material; thirsty'; mering (ng-pering) 'to dry <br />
something' (cf. <br />
rikan, tekeru? ) <br />
pesih: (?); pesih pesih 'pretend not to notice, ignore' <br />
peta: 'strings of beads worn around the head; skullcap of <br />
straw or animal skin <br />
with or without beadwork, worn only by women' <br />
petad (JU): 'separation)': metad (ng-petad) 'to separate': pitad <br />
(pe-i-tad) 'was <br />
separated by' <br />
petedheng(CB): 'trip and fall' (cf. luka?, tutu?) <br />
petuk: 'bump one's head when standing up in a room with a low <br />
ceiling; reach <br />
a desired level when lifting something' <br />
pian: 'want, desire'; pinian (p-in-ian) 'a want, a desire' <br />
pia.?: 'a sneeze'; nepia? (ne-pia?) 'to sneeze' <br />
pika?(JU): 'to limp' <br />
piket (JU): 'catch up with someone' (cf. tiket) <br />
pilang: 'striped, banded'; <br />
pili?(CB): 'choice'; mill? (ng-pili?) 'choose'; penili? (p-in-ili?) <br />
'was chosen <br />
by' <br />
pino: 'needle' <br />
pingit: 'cheek' <br />
pingur: 'echo'; tepingur (te-pingur) 'echoing back and forth, <br />
full of echoes'; <br />
petepingur (pep-te-p}r)ur ) 'make echoes at each <br />
other by calling out': <br />
(marginal form); simpingur (t-in-e-pir)ur) 'was <br />
used to make echoes, of a <br />
thing' (marginal form) <br />
pipeh: 'having two sides, as right and left, inside and <br />
outside, etc.' <br />
pipih: 'interior wall in the longhouse' <br />
pirek: 'silver' (probably a Malay loan) <br />
pirit: 'small bird with long beak, rice bird' <br />
pisang: 'knicked (of the lip of a jar), torn (of an earlobe in <br />
which a decorative <br />
plug has been inserted and then torn loose)' <br />
puar(CB): (see denganeh) <br />
pudik (CB): 'way or manner of swimming using full arm strokes'; mudik <br />
(ng-pudik) 'swim using full arm strokes' <br />
pudut: 'shape, form, appearance'; mudut (ng-pudut) 'shape <br />
something': pi- <br />
nudut (p-in-udut) 'was shaped by'; doo? pudut <br />
'beautiful' (cf. ribed) <br />
pued: 'navel' <br />
puer: 'incision, as in an operation'; muer (ng-puer) <br />
'operate, perform surgery' <br />
puet: 'buttocks; bottom, foundation'; lobng.puet 'anus' (cf. <br />
tebhing) <br />
pulang (JU): 'ringworm' (cf, kuri) <br />
puluh: 'bamboo shoot' <br />
pulung: 'forest'; lem pului) 'in the forest' (cf. ulur)) <br />
pulu?: 'ten' <br />
pulut: 'glue, anything sticky; bird lime (obtained from the <br />
fruit of a tree)'; <br />
mulut (ng-pulut) 'to glue something, stick <br />
something on something else', <br />
pinulut (p-in-ulut) 'was glued to' <br />
puneng: 'headwaters of a river' <br />
pupud: 'tracking of an animal'; mupud (ng-pupud) 'to track an <br />
animal'; <br />
pinupud (p-in-upud) 'was tracked by'; pupud pupud <br />
'change one's mind on <br />
second thought' <br />
pupun (CB): 'covering of something, as with a cloth or by heaping soil <br />
on it'; <br />
mupun (ng-pupun) 'cover something' <br />
pupu?: 'thing used to hit; hitting, washing of clothes'; <br />
kepupu? (ke-pupu?) <br />
'washing (as a habitual activity)'; mupu? <br />
(ng-pupu?)'to hit, wash clothes'; <br />
pemupu? (peng-pupu?) 'thing used to hit'; pepu?en <br />
(pupu?-en) 'things to <br />
be washed: aorist passive of mupu?' (cf. bupu?, <br />
muru?) <br />
pu?ar (CD): 'leaning back'; mu?ar (ng-pu?ar) 'lean back' <br />
pu?un: 'origin, beginning (used when introducing a <br />
conversational subject); <br />
first'; p. kayuh 'base of a tree (part which enters <br />
the ground)' <br />
puteng : 'fall short'; muteng (ng-puteng) 'make something fall <br />
short'; p. linuh <br />
'impatient'; p.nial quick-tempered' <br />
putuh: 'asking'; mutuh (ng-putuh) 'to ask'; pinutuh <br />
(p-in-utuh) 'was asked by' <br />
putul: 'broken, of something hard'; mutul (ng-putul) 'to <br />
break'; pinutul <br />
(p-in-utul) 'was broken by' (cf. putut) <br />
putut: 'broken, of something long and soft, as string'; mutut <br />
(ng-putut) 'break'; <br />
pinutut (p-in-utut) 'was broken by'; p. niat <br />
'taking one's last breath' (cf. <br />
putul) <br />
puun (CB): 'hill' (cf. apad, buduk) <br />
puung: 'animal' <br />
<br />
<br />
R<br />
raka?: 'dead twig' (cf. da?ar) <br />
ramay(CB): lively, enjoying oneselF (Malay loan) <br />
ramut: 'fibrous roots, as of grass, rice or coconut trees' (cf. labing, <br />
uat) <br />
ranih: 'harvest'; peranih (pe-ranih) 'the small bamboo or iron knife <br />
used to <br />
remove the rice head in harvesting; the harvest'; rinanih <br />
(r-in-anih) 'was <br />
harvested by' <br />
ra?an: 'gradual slope, side of a mountain' (cf. alid, beribhi) <br />
ra?en: light (in weight )' <br />
ra?it: 'raft'; ngera?it (ng-ra?it) 'travel by raft (cf. pera?it) <br />
ra?o: 'cork; palm wood used to make blowpipe darts' <br />
ra?ung (CB): large round sun hat: umbrella' <br />
rara(CB): 'rafters' <br />
raruh (JU): losing of something'; neraruh (ne-raruh) loit'; ngeraruh <br />
(ng-raruh) <br />
'lose something' (cf . peraruh) <br />
raseb: loud banging noise, as that made when children run on planks of <br />
longhouse' <br />
rasun: 'poison' (Malay loan; cf. parir) <br />
ratu: 'milk (human and animal)' <br />
ratan: leaking (as a roof or bucket)' <br />
ratu: 'hundred' <br />
raut: 'to play' <br />
rawir: 'long, as a story, road, piece of string' <br />
rayeh: 'big, great, physically large (people or things); old (people)' <br />
rebun: 'smoke' <br />
redhan: 'passed out, fainted' (cf. kenaman) <br />
redhang: 'the structure formed by parasitic plants on a tree; a structure <br />
built <br />
around a fruiting tree to protect it from marauders'; <br />
ngeredhang (ng-redhang) <br />
'put branches around the trunk of one's fruit trees when <br />
they are bearing, or <br />
pile up rubbish in the fork of a branch so that others will <br />
not climb the trees <br />
to take the fruit' (cf. deredhang) <br />
redheng: 'spit'; ngeredheng (ng-redheng) 'to spit' (cf. edheng2, lidha?) <br />
redhep: 'closing of the eyes'; ngeredhep (ng-redhep) 'close the eyes' (cf. <br />
<br />
peredhep) <br />
rekeb: 'cave in, collapse' <br />
reken: 'coiled rattan base on which hot cooking pots are placed' <br />
renaran: 'storage places for split firewood above the fireplace' <br />
renareng: 'beam on which the beladan is laid in the construction of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
repured: 'spot on the head out of which the hair grows spirally' <br />
rera?: 'ant'; r. ane 'termite' <br />
rerek: 'incision made in the throat of a pig or chicken in <br />
slaughtering'; ngererek <br />
(ng-rerek) 'to slaughter pigs or chickens by slitting the <br />
throat'; rirek <br />
(r-e-i-rek) 'was slaughtered by' <br />
rereng1: 'charcoal (general term)' (cf. adeng) <br />
refereng2 (PM): 'putting down'; ngerereng) (ng-rereng) 'put something down' <br />
riak: 'future (beginning the following day)' (cf. na?an) <br />
ribed: 'pretty, beautiful, of people or things' (cf. pudut) <br />
ribun: 'thousand' <br />
riek: 'a cough' <br />
rier: 'to turn, roll'; berier (be-rier) 'to roll as a result of <br />
human agency, as a <br />
log being rolled by someone'; binrier (b-in-e-rier) 'was <br />
rolled by'; ngerier <br />
(ng-rier) 'to turn or roll something'; remier (r-em-ier) <br />
'to roll without the <br />
intervention of a human agent, as a log rolling of its own <br />
accord; turn the <br />
body': rinier (r-in-ier) 'was turned or rolled by' (cf. <br />
lubid) <br />
rikan: 'dry, of the weather' (cf. pering, tekeru?) <br />
rimod: 'smile'; nerimod (ne-rimod) 'to smile'; rimod rimod 'always <br />
smiling <br />
rina?e: 'health, condition' <br />
rinuh: 'winnowing basket <br />
rigit: 'money' (Malay loan) <br />
ri?er: 'neck' <br />
riruh: 'to laugh'; ngeriruh (ng-riruh) 'make someone laugh'; <br />
periruh (pep-riruh) <br />
laugh at one another; make one another laugh'; riniruh <br />
(r-in-inib) 'preterite <br />
passive of ngeriruh' <br />
rua? (see ate1) <br />
rudang: 'dead leaf (cf. da?un) <br />
rudap: 'sleep'; ngerudap (ng-rudap)' put someone (as a child) to <br />
sleep': rinudap <br />
(r-in-udap) 'was put to sleep by': me rudap 'stay <br />
overnight in the jungle, as <br />
when out hunting' (cf. lu?eh) ' <br />
rudheng: 'phlegm (after it has been expectorated): slimy, oily' <br />
rugi? (CB): loss, as in business'; ngerugi? (ng-rugi?) 'outwit someone in <br />
business, profit at someone else's expense' (Malay loan) <br />
rugu?: 'thin (people, animals)' <br />
ruked: (?): ruked ruked 'forever' <br />
ruma?: longhouse' (rumah kadang is now used to distinguish the <br />
longhouse <br />
from a single-family house) <br />
runga?: (see payo) <br />
runguh: 'head of rice plant' (cf. genuluh) <br />
ru?eb: 'waterfall' <br />
rurug (JU): 'come out all at once, as when pouring something that you want <br />
to <br />
come out slowly'; ngerurug (ng-rurug) 'pour out something <br />
(as fruit from a <br />
basket)'; remurug (r-em-urug) 'to drop, of leaves <br />
or fruit'; renurug <br />
(r-en-urug) 'preterite passive of ngerurug' (cf. mayad) <br />
rurut (JU): 'descent'; remurut (r-em-urut) 'come down, descend' <br />
ruuk: 'chest' <br />
ruyung: 'share a residence with'; lun ruyung (JU) 'relatives' <br />
<br />
<br />
S<br />
sabun: 'soap' (Malay loan) <br />
saget(CB): 'quick, quickly' <br />
sait: 'a lover, paramour''; pesait (pep-sait) 'to have sexual <br />
intercourse (refined <br />
expression)' (cf. kenu?, patot) <br />
sakol: 'hoe': nakol (ng-sakol) 'to hoe': sinakol (s-in-akol) 'was <br />
hoed by' <br />
(Malay loan; cf. sakul) <br />
sakul (CD): (Malay loan; cf. sakol) <br />
sala? (CD): 'wrong' <br />
sangen: 'menses, menstruation' <br />
sapa?: 'shirt; s. talun 'buckskin shirt traditionally worn by both <br />
sexes' (cf. <br />
kuyu?) <br />
sapeh: 'which, which one?' <br />
saweng: 'inability to see in the dark, night blindness <br />
sedero: 'watering, tearing (of the eyes) <br />
segerang (CB): 'ribs' <br />
segeri: 'weak and thin because of sickness <br />
segumen: 'eaves of the longhouse roof <br />
sekenan: 'remember' <br />
selanguy: 'snake (generic)' <br />
selapang: 'shotgun' (Malay loan) <br />
selengu: 'to shed, of a snake shedding its old skin' (cf. lengu) <br />
selengut: 'bamboo nose flute' <br />
seli: 'lower part of the leg to the outside of the shin bone <br />
(considered es- <br />
pecially vulnerable to attack in a fight) <br />
seluar (CB): 'trousers ' (Malay loan) <br />
selubid: lie down' <br />
selud: 'to slide (as children sliding down a hillside)' <br />
semera?: 'lead(metal)' <br />
senape (CB): 'kind of rice cake made by boiling rice wrapped in leaves' <br />
sena?ih: 'intestines' (cf. sina?ih) <br />
senien (JU): 'catfish' <br />
senula? (CB): (see sinula?) <br />
senu?eh: 'right side' pesenu?eh (pe-senu?eh) 'on the right side' <br />
sepa?(CB): 'betel quid' <br />
serawe(JU): 'behavior'; raruh serawe 'mad, crazy, insane' (cf. muno) <br />
seremu?uh: 'appearance'; da?et seremu?uh 'bad appearance, untidy' <br />
seruga: Heaven (Malay loan) <br />
sia?: 'red' ; s. bareh 'very red, glowing red' <br />
siguk: 'tobacco' (cf. luko?) <br />
silen: 'string used to hold up swimming trunks, etc.' <br />
silo: 'shiny, of the surface of a lake, table, etc.' (cf. milo) <br />
simun: 'cucumber'; simun ala? 'watermelon' <br />
sinan (CB): 'female (animals)' (see berek, cf. dedhur) <br />
sina?: 'mother, MZ, FZ (address/vocative)' (cf. sineh, tesineh) <br />
sina?ih: 'intestines, guts'; na?em sina?ih 'cowardly' (cf. sena?ih) <br />
sineh1 (CB): 'demonstrative particle' <br />
sineh2: 'title for married women; Mrs.' (see sina?, tesineh) <br />
sinula?: 'bereaved'; dedhur s. 'widow', dela?i s. 'widower' <br />
sinung: 'happy: successful, as a wealthy man or a student in school' <br />
(JU): s. tu- <br />
nang 'very happy', kesinungan (ke-sinung-an) 'happiness' <br />
(Malay loan?: cf. <br />
tunang) <br />
singel: 'constriction, narrowing' <br />
sipen: 'rice that is already on the iung and in the process of being <br />
pounded' <br />
si?er: 'eyesight'; ni?er (ng-si?er)'.see,look at'; pe-si?er <br />
(pep-si?er) 'look at one <br />
another'; sini?er (s-in-i?er) 'was seen, looked at <br />
by'; siren (si?er-en) <br />
'aorisi passive of ni?er' <br />
si?it: 'few'; s. ketuh atuk 'very few' (cf. i?it, kedi?it) <br />
siri: 'straight, upright (indefinitely long)'; niri <br />
(ng-siri)'straighten' (cf. tuped) <br />
sirut: 'tapering' <br />
sising: 'ring for the finger' (loan, probably from Malay: cf. <br />
tising) <br />
suk(CB): 'relative propoun: which, who' <br />
sukup (CB): 'enough' (Malay loan; cf. panid ) <br />
sunga?ing (JU): 'incubus-ike spirit believed to visit people at night and to <br />
sap their <br />
strength' <br />
surat: letter' (Malay loan) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
T<br />
taang(CB): 'way of mannert of adzing'; naang (ng-taang) 'work wood with an <br />
adze'; <br />
sinaang (t-in-aang) 'pteterite passive of naang' <br />
taban: 'running away with someone or something, kidnapping, elopement': <br />
naban (ng-taban) 'run away with, kidnap, elope with'; <br />
petaban (pep-taban) <br />
'elope'; tebanen (taban-en) 'aorist passive of naban' <br />
tabang (CD): long bamboo section used to carry water' <br />
tabat: 'medicine'; nabat (ng-tabat) 'to treat with medicine, apply <br />
medicine to'; <br />
sinabat (t-in-abat) 'was treated with medicine by' <br />
tabi?: 'greet, shake hands' <br />
tabuh: 'container made from a dried gourd' (see bua?) <br />
tabun: 'heap, pile: covered by something that is heaped up; heap of <br />
dead grass <br />
used by snakes as a nest'; nabun (ng-tabun) 'to heap, pile <br />
up'; sinabun <br />
(t-in-abun) 'was helped or piled up by' <br />
tadem: 'sharp, of a blade'; nadem (ng-tadem) 'sharpen' (cf. asa, i?ir) <br />
taduk: 'rhinoceros horn (used for medicinal purposes)' (cf. nga?eh) <br />
tadur: 'small bridge, as a single log bridge'; nadur (ng-tadur) 'make <br />
a bridge: <br />
cross a bridge'; tadur idhung) 'bridge of the nose' (cf. <br />
ebheng) <br />
tae?: 'feces'; nae?(ng-tae?) 'defecate' (considered substandard <br />
byGT) (cf. <br />
bube?, ta?ih) <br />
ta?it(PM): 'wait'; peta?it(pep-ta?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. a?it) <br />
taka: 'lake' <br />
taked: 'popliteal space, area behind the knee' <br />
takub: 'a patch, pocket'; nakub(ng-takub) 'to patch as torn clothing' <br />
takung: 'pond' (cf. lepeku?) <br />
talun: 'buckskin, treated deerskin used for clothing' <br />
taman (CB): leader of a pack of animals' <br />
tama?: 'father. FB, MB (address/vocative)' (cf. tetameh) <br />
tana?: 'earth; soil; world': t.pulut, t.sia? 'clay' <br />
tanek: 'boiling of water, cooking': nanek (ng-tanek) 'to boil <br />
water, cook <br />
vegetables (GT), boil meat (CB)' (cf. laak, lened) <br />
tanern: 'grave: sunken, as a stick in the ground': nanem (ng-tanern) <br />
'bury': <br />
sinanem (t-in-anem) 'was buried by' <br />
tanep: 'sink, set, disappear from view' (?); t. edho 'direction of <br />
the setting sun' <br />
tange: 'a cry'; nange (ng-tange) 'to cry'; petange (pep-tange) 'make <br />
one another cry': <br />
tange tange 'crying' <br />
tapih1: 'honeycomb' <br />
tapih2: 'protective lining placed in a container (as a leaf in a <br />
cooking pot)' <br />
tapi?: 'cow' (Malay loan) <br />
tapung: 'man's traditional feather headdress' <br />
ta?eng: 'mouth (people and animals)' <br />
ta?ih1: 'feces' (see tae?); ta?ih lalid 'earwax' (see ading) <br />
ta?ih2: 'intimate term of address by a man or woman to a boy, <br />
meaning <br />
something like "my son'" (cf. emu?) <br />
ta?ut: 'fear'; meta?ut (ng-pe-ta?ut) 'frighten, make afraid'; <br />
peta?ut (pe-ta?ut) <br />
'frighten, make afraid'; pinta?ut (p-in-e-ta?ut) 'was <br />
frightened by'; tema- <br />
?ut (t-em-a?ut) 'seem afraid' <br />
tara: 'storage place for husked rice, salt, etc. above the <br />
fireplace' <br />
taru?: 'making, doing; putting, placing'; naru? (ng-taru?) <br />
'make, do; put. <br />
place'; senaru? (t-in-aru?) 'was done by, was put or <br />
placed by'(cf. tu?en) <br />
tasa?: 'damaged; dismantled'; nasa?(ng-tasa?) 'to damage; to <br />
dismantle' <br />
tauh: 'we (pl. incl.)'; ditauh (idih tauh?) 'ours' (cf. kamih, <br />
kediweb, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, teluh) <br />
tebangan(JU): 'scale for weighing things' (Malay loan) <br />
tebel: 'head or the penis, glans penis' <br />
tebiring (JU): 'veering at an angle (of a bird or plane turning flight)'; <br />
nebiring <br />
(ng-tebirig) 'to veer' <br />
tebha?: 'thorn' <br />
tebhar: 'salary, wages'; nebhar (ng-tebhar) 'to pay'; sibhar <br />
(t-e-i-bhar) 'was paid <br />
by'; tebaren (tebhar-en) 'aorist passive of nebhar' <br />
tebhek: 'mark left by piercing; pierced (as by needle, knife)'; nebhek <br />
(ng-teqbhek) <br />
'pierce, stab'; pe-tebhek (pep-teb*ek) 'stab one <br />
another'; sibhek (t-e-i-bhek) <br />
'was pierced by, was stabbed by'; t. apo 'traditional <br />
competition in which <br />
young men held a dart and jumped up to see who could <br />
leave the highest <br />
mark on the slanting roof of the longhouse' <br />
tebheng: 'the felling of a large tree'; nebheng (ng-tebeng) 'to fell a <br />
large tree, as <br />
in clearing a swidden'; tebengen (tebheng-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nebheng)' <br />
tebhing: 'buttocks' (cf. puer) <br />
tebhuh: 'sugarcane' <br />
tebhung: 'small cloth bag used to hold tobacco' <br />
tebhu?: 'clearing in the forest'; nebhu? (ng-tebhu?) 'cut down <br />
forest'; tebu?en <br />
(tebhu?-en) 'aorist passive of nebhu?' <br />
tedhak: (see bua?) <br />
tedhan: 'act of leaving something behind'; ketedhan (ke-tedhan) left <br />
behind <br />
(accidentally); nedhan (ng-tedhan) leave behind; sidhan <br />
(t-e-i-dhan) was <br />
left behind by' (cf. keted, where ketedhan could be <br />
interpreted as /keted-en/) <br />
tedheh: leaving behind': nedheh (ng-tedheh) 'leave behind'; tidheh <br />
(te-i-dheh) <br />
'was left behind by' <br />
teguk: 'external throat' (cf. telenan) <br />
teh: 'tea' (English loan; cf. eti) <br />
tegeker(JU): 'shivering' (cf. egheng) <br />
teghang(CB): 'rainbow' <br />
teh: 'sentence particle probably conveying emphasis' <br />
tekap: 'search (n.)'; nekap (ng-tekap) 'to search, look for'; <br />
pe-tekap (pep-tekap) <br />
'search for one another'; sikap (t-e-i-kap) 'preterite <br />
passive of nekap' <br />
teka?ok(CB): 'rooster' <br />
tekeku?: 'to squat'; nekeku? (ng-tekeku?) 'force someone to squat' <br />
teken (CB): 'boat pole, punting pole'; neken (ng-teken) 'to pole a boat'; <br />
sineken <br />
(t-in-eken) 'was poled by' <br />
tekering (CB): 'dry' (cf. pering, rikan, tekeru?) <br />
tekeru?: 'dry, of pond or river that has dried up, of moist food gone <br />
dry, etc. ' (cf. <br />
pering, rikan, tekering) <br />
tekila?: 'chips produced from working wood with an adze' <br />
tekip (JU): 'sarong worn by girls' <br />
tekub: 'a knock from underneath (as on the floor of the longhouse <br />
by someone <br />
under the house with a stick); nekub (n-tekub) 'to <br />
knock from underneath', <br />
sikub (t-e-i-kub) 'an uppercut (in fighting)' <br />
tekul: 'spoon'; nekul (ng-tekul) 'to spoon out something' <br />
telang1: (see bulu?) <br />
telang2: 'flavorless, without salt, flat lasting' <br />
tela?: 'act of hurling, throwing'; nela? (ng-tela?) 'hurl, throw (a <br />
javelin)'; sila? <br />
(t-e-i-la?) 'was hurled or thrown by'; tela?-en 'aorist <br />
passiveof nela?' <br />
tela?o: 'the barking deer: Cervulus muntjac' (ct. payo) <br />
teleka?: 'small frog' (cf. beraok, esit) <br />
telen: 'swallow'; neleng (ng-telen) 'to swallow'; silen (t-e-i-len) 'was <br />
swallow- <br />
ed by'; telenan (telen-an) 'internal throat'; telenen <br />
(telen-en) 'aorist passive <br />
of nelen' <br />
teletad: 'spur of a fighting cock (the natural spur, not a metal one)' (cf. <br />
<br />
ngeletad) <br />
teliad (JU): 'to slip' <br />
teluh: 'three; we (trial incl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh) <br />
telu?a?(CB): 'a bird. the crow' <br />
temalem: (see alem, malem) <br />
temapad: lie with the body next to the fire instead of lying with the <br />
feet <br />
toward the fire' <br />
temar: 'stemless plant with tough leaves used as basket straps' <br />
tema?ud: 'back of the foot behind and above the ball of the heel'; urat <br />
tema?ud <br />
'Achille's tendon' <br />
temedhur: 'rhinoceros' <br />
temeh: 'fall short and slip, as when leaping across a ditch, or when <br />
climbing <br />
stairs to slip and fall back to the previous step' <br />
temengang(JU): 'hornbill' (cf. menengang, metuy) <br />
teneb: 'cool, cold'; neneb (ng-teneb) 'make something cool or <br />
cold' <br />
tenuran1: 'testicle' (cf. ilung terur) <br />
tenuran2: 'nest'; t. la?al ' chicken's nest' (cf. arar) <br />
tenganuh: 'weaving': nenganuh (ng-tenganuh) 'to weave'; singanuh <br />
(t-in-enganuh) <br />
'was woven by' <br />
tenganga?(JU): 'open the mouth' <br />
tenga? (JU): 'window' <br />
tengeb(JU): 'riverbank' <br />
tepi (CB): 'smooth, as a surface' (cf, lana) <br />
tepu?: 'grandparent (address/vocative for any member of <br />
grandparental <br />
generation)' (cf. epun, tetepuh) <br />
teraka?: 'thin, emaciated' (said by GT to derive from raka? 'dead <br />
twig', <br />
though this may be a folk etymology) <br />
terem: 'sink': nerem (ng-terem) 'force someone under water'; <br />
temeren <br />
(i-em-erem) 'dive under water' <br />
terep (JU): 'tree that is similar to the breadfruit, with latex-like sap' <br />
terur: 'egg; testicle'; t. la?al 'chicken egg'; t. manuk <br />
'birdegg' <br />
terutung: 'porcupine' <br />
tesineh: 'mother (reference)'; t. menaken 'MS, FS' (cf. sina?, sineh) <br />
tetad: 'marks made by an adze'; netad (ng-tetad) 'cut with a <br />
striking motion <br />
toward the body, as when standing with legs apart and <br />
swinging the bikung <br />
from in front of the body to between the legs' <br />
tetameh: 'father (reference)'; t. menaken 'MB, FB' (cf. tama?) <br />
tetel1: 'clay hearth in the longhouse' <br />
tetel2 (CB): 'packing something in tightly'; netel (ng-tetel) 'pack <br />
something in <br />
tightly' <br />
tetepuh: 'grandparent (term of reference)'; t. dela?ih 'grandfather', <br />
t. dedhur <br />
'grandmother' (cf. epun, tepu?) <br />
tidha?: 'footprint': nidha? (ng-tidha?) 'step on'; teda?en <br />
(tidha?-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nidha?'; sinidha? (t-in-idha?) 'was stepped <br />
on' <br />
tidhuk: 'bill, beak of a bird; act of pecking, poking lightly'; <br />
nidhuk (ng-tidhuk) <br />
'to peck, of a bird, poke lightly with the finger' <br />
tidhul: 'pointer, indicator'; nidhul (ng-tidhul) 'to point at <br />
something' <br />
tidhu?: 'hand' <br />
tikan: 'honeybee' (see bua?) <br />
tikel:(?); nikel (ng-tikel) 'just manage to get by, barely survive; to <br />
handle, take <br />
care of (a problem); able to take something (as food <br />
after one has been <br />
sick)'; tikel-tikel 'constantly struggle for a living <br />
(as a poor man who barely <br />
gets by)'; sikelen (tikel-en) 'aorist passive of nikel' <br />
<br />
tiket (CB): 'overtake someone, as in walking along a path' (cf. piket) <br />
tilem (CB): 'mattress' (Malay loan) <br />
tising(CB): (cf. sising) <br />
tuak: 'nape of the neck' <br />
tubang(JU): 'kind of small wild cat that preys on chickens' <br />
tubeh: 'a vine and the poison from its roots used to stun fish: <br />
derris root' <br />
tuda?: 'how much?; how many'; t. buleng 'few' <br />
tudo: 'to sit'; nudo (ng-tudo) 'to set, put something in a place <br />
(as a pot on a <br />
table)'; sinudo (t-ln-udo) 'was set down by' (cf. <br />
bekaar) <br />
tuduk (CB): 'stick placed as a warning along the path'; nuduk (ng-tuduk) <br />
'to <br />
warn' <br />
tudung: 'shoulder' <br />
tudu?: 'seven' <br />
tudhu?: 'salt'; nudhu? (ng-tudhu?) 'add salt to something' <br />
tuked: 'prop, support siick used to hold open the cover of the <br />
ikab' <br />
tuked: 'slope of a nuiuntain'; t. apad 'on the slope of a <br />
mountain range; <br />
temuked (t-em-uked) 'climb a mountain; steep (?)'; <br />
tekedhen (tuked-en) 'the <br />
sides or slopes of a i lountain (cf. irang) <br />
tukung: 'mosquito' (cf. namuk) <br />
tukup: 'a wooden support used to hold up an old house; also, a <br />
wooden support <br />
beam inside the longhouse' <br />
tulang: 'bone; tulang da?un 'spine of a leaf' <br />
tulu1: 'correct '(cf.muned) <br />
tulu2: 'if' (cf. ulu) <br />
tulud (CB): 'act of flying'; temulud (t-em-ulud) 'to fly' <br />
tulung (CB): 'help,assistance'; nulung (ng-tulung) 'to help.assist' (Malay <br />
loan?) <br />
tumeh: 'small white clothes louse' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, li?a) <br />
tumid: 'ball of the heel' <br />
tumuh: 'tree sp.' (see kayuh) <br />
tunan: 'short handle' (cf. edha?, etun) <br />
tunang: 'happy' (cf. sinung) <br />
tunap(JU): 'window' <br />
tuno: 'a hammer'; nuno (ng-tuno) to hammer (as iron, in making <br />
tools)' <br />
tunuh: 'burning, roasting'; nunuh (ng-tunuh) 'to burn, to roast' <br />
tunuk: 'surrender' <br />
tunge (CB): 'here, to this place (cf. ngi iinih) <br />
tungul(CB): 'parang, machete, bush knife' <br />
tuped: 'standing up straight, upright, erect (of physical objects <br />
and people)' <br />
nuped (n-tuped) 'to build, construct' (cf. siri) <br />
tu?ed: 'tree stump' <br />
tu?eh: 'hard,strong (of materials)' (cf. galih, kail) <br />
tu?en: 'make, do' (cf. naro, taru?) <br />
tu?i: 'getup'; nu?i (ng-tu?i) 'raise up' (cf. kulat2) <br />
tu?uh: 'true, really; too, very' <br />
turuk: 'bamboo water conduit <br />
turun: 'the manner in which one comes down (slow, fast, etc.)'; <br />
nurun (ng- <br />
turun) 'to lower, as a ladder; swoop down to attack or <br />
grab something (as <br />
hawks or eagles); to swarm, of bees'; temurun <br />
(t-em-urun) 'jump down, <br />
descend (as a ladder}' (cf. urur) <br />
turu?: 'a command. older, directive'; nuru? (ng-turu?) 'to <br />
command'; sinuru? <br />
(t-in-uru?) 'was commanded by, was ordered by'(cf. atur, <br />
uru?) <br />
tutuk1: 'short stone or wooden pestle for pounding meat or vegetables, <br />
act of <br />
hammering or pounding'; nutuk (ng-tutuk) 'to hammer (as a <br />
peg into the <br />
ground); to pound (chili peppers, ginger, etc.) with a <br />
pestle' (cf. aluh) <br />
tutuk2 (CB): 'act of throwing something at someone or something"; nutuk <br />
(ng-tutuk) 'throw something at someone or something (as <br />
in throwing <br />
pebbles at a target) <br />
tutun: 'shallow' <br />
tutu?: 'fall from a height (people, birds, fruits, leaves)'; nutu? <br />
(ng-tutu?) <br />
'drop something from a height' (cf. luka?, petedheng) <br />
tuung (JU): 'a box' <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
U<br />
uab: 'a yawn'; 'nguab (ng-uab) 'to yawn' <br />
uan (JU): 'have' <br />
uang1: 'howling of a dog' nguang (ng-uang) 'to howl,of a dog' (cf. manang) <br />
uang2: 'muscles, flesh; contents of something' (cf. isi?) <br />
uang3 (?): uang uang (JU) 'naked' (cf. lupa) <br />
uar(CB): 'kind of vine <br />
uat1: 'thatching needle, needle used to stitch the palm-leaf thatch in <br />
making a <br />
roof <br />
uat2: large root, taproot' (cf. labing, ramut) <br />
uay: 'traditional Kelabit axe for cutting wood' <br />
ubih: 'tuber'; u. kayuh 'tapioca'; u. sia? 'sweet potato' <br />
ubit: 'mark left by a bite'; ngubit (ng-ubit) 'to bite' (cf. ketep) <br />
ubud (CB): 'soft edible pith of plants, esp. sago: palm cabbage'; ngubud <br />
(ng-ubud) 'make ubud' <br />
ubur: 'praise (n.)'; ngubur (ng-ubur) 'to praise' <br />
ubhir: 'to overflow (of a bucket left under running water, etc.)'; <br />
mubhir <br />
(m-uhhir) 'overflowing, overflowed' <br />
ubho: to stop; to rest, take a break' (cf. udhu?) <br />
udan: 'rain'; mudan (ern-udan) 'to rain'; u. bariw 'strong wind, <br />
storm wind' <br />
udang: 'shrimp' <br />
udeng1: 'decorative earplug' <br />
udeng2: 'stay'; da?et udeng 'homesick' (lit. 'bad stay'); mudeng <br />
(em-udeng) 'to <br />
stay, dwell'; pepudeng (pep-udeng) 'stay with one's <br />
fiancee's family for <br />
some time before marriage (reciprocal)' <br />
uduh: 'grass' (generic; cf. budud) <br />
udung (CB): 'top, end'; u. kayuh 'top of a tree, part of a tree from the <br />
first <br />
branching upwards' . <br />
udur: 'standing': mudur (em-udur) 'stand up from sitting or lying; <br />
standing <br />
up'; udur udur 'lingering around doing nothing; standing <br />
up and sitting <br />
down repeatedly' <br />
udhih: 'rudder, stern of a boat; rear' (cf. julung, mudhih) <br />
udhu?: 'cease, stop an activity (as walking or working)' <br />
ue (CB): 'rattan' <br />
ueg: 'wild fruit tree with seeds like rubber tree seeds' <br />
ugam: 'mat' (cf. epin) <br />
ugha? (CB): 'stop suddenly, of whirling motion (children in play whirling <br />
around to make themselves dizzy, a spinning top that <br />
falls over, etc.)' <br />
ugheng: 'spinning without wobbling (usually with reference to <br />
spinning tops)' <br />
ul: 'cheer ullcrcd when passing arak or burak rice wine in a <br />
festival' <br />
uih: 'lsg. subject and object; I, me'; duih (idih-uih) 'mine <br />
uit (CB): 'way of banging'; mult (ern-uit) 'to bring'; nuit (en-uit) <br />
'was <br />
brought by'; pemuilt(pem-uil) 'thing used to bring'; <br />
pepuit (pep'uit) 'bring <br />
one another' <br />
uka (JU): 'dawn'; muka (m-uka) (JU): 'early' (cf. lekedhang) <br />
ukep (JU): 'spend a night in the forest' <br />
uker: 'shining, of a cat's eyes in the dark, chatoyant' <br />
ukul1: 'disposition' (cf. eghul, mukul) <br />
ukul2 (CB): 'stick for stirring rice' <br />
uku?: 'dog' <br />
uled: 'maggot, caterpillar': u. reken 'kind of non-poisonous <br />
worm that coils <br />
in a circle' (cf. kelatih, kereruar) <br />
uleng: 'alone' ;uleng uleng 'preferring to be alone' (cf. <br />
buleng) <br />
ulih1(JU): 'sprout, shoot, bud' <br />
ulih2(PM): 'wax from a honeycomb, candlewax' <br />
ulu (CB): 'if' (cf. tulu2) <br />
ulud: 'words, tale, story'; lud-en (ulud-en) 'is being talked <br />
about or told, will <br />
talk about or tell; ulud ulud 'be in conversation' <br />
uluh: 'head' <br />
ulun: 'life'; mulun (m-ulun) living, alive' <br />
ulung: 'grove,thicket, cluster of trees' (cf. pulung) <br />
umak: 'climb stairs, ascend' <br />
umeng: 'cricket' (see kato) <br />
uned: 'middle' (cf. lemuned) <br />
unih: 'sound'; munih (em-unih) 'make a sound' <br />
upa: 'splitting': mupa (ern-upa) 'to split (intr.)', ngupa <br />
(ng-upa) 'spilt some- <br />
thing into large pieces' (cf. bilak) <br />
upan: 'bait, chicken feed', ngupan (ng-upan) to feed animals' <br />
<br />
upa?: 'yam' <br />
uper (CB): 'bark fiber used for making rope': nuper (in-uper) 'string <br />
or rope <br />
made from bark fiber'; nguper (ng-uper) 'make rope <br />
from bark fiber': puren <br />
(uper-en) 'aorist passive of nuper'; sinuper <br />
(sin-uper) 'preterite passive of <br />
nguper' <br />
upih: 'a dream': mupih (em-upih) 'to dream' <br />
upit: 'tweezers' <br />
upun: 'to run' (cf. perada?) <br />
u?i: 'lever' <br />
u?it: 'top incisor teeth' <br />
u?ut: 'straw for sipping rice wine: smoking pipe; sucking'; <br />
nu?ut (ne-u?ut) <br />
'smoke a pipe: suck'; uten (u?ut-en) 'aorist <br />
passive nu?ut'; sinu?ut <br />
(sin-u?ut) 'preterite passive of nu?ut' <br />
urat1: 'vein, vessel, tendon' <br />
urat2: 'wound'; murat (m-urat) 'wounded'; ngurat (ng-urat) <br />
'to wound'; pepurat <br />
(pep-urat) 'wound one another' <br />
[[urek]] (CB): 'handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of <br />
outstretched <br />
forefinger'; ngurek (ng-urek) 'measure' (cf. <br />
depeh) <br />
urit: line. dash, writing' (cf. ayud, nulis) <br />
urung1: large dried gourd used for storing husked rice <br />
(unhusked rice is stored <br />
in the lepo pade)' <br />
urung: 'bamboo segment forming part of a wind-powered <br />
scarecrow used in <br />
the paddy field' <br />
uru?: 'order, directive' (cf. turu?) <br />
urur1(JU): 'cluster (of fruit)' <br />
urur2 (CB): 'act of lowering something'; ngurur (ng-urur) 'lower <br />
something <br />
slowly by rope' (cf. turun) <br />
usag: 'piece of something that has broken'; musag (em-usag) <br />
'break into <br />
pieces, as a clod of earth, or a ball of rice or <br />
ginger powder' <br />
useng: 'cat' <br />
useb: 'want something very much, desire intensely' <br />
used1: 'a cold, catarrh; mucus that is coughed up: euphemism <br />
for any sickness' <br />
used2: 'marrow' (possibly = used1; cf. isud) <br />
usuk: 'loose, of loincloth strings or anything else that is <br />
tied up' <br />
utak: 'urge, determination, resolve' <br />
utap (CB): 'shield' <br />
uta?: 'vomit (n.)'; nuta? (in-uta?) 'was vomited by'; <br />
nguta? (ng-uta?)'to vomit' <br />
utang: 'debt' (Malay loan; cf. baleh) <br />
utek: 'brain' <br />
uud(CB): 'retreat, withdraw' ;u. udih 'move backward' <br />
uyut (CB): 'small carrypg basket worn on the back' (cf. babeh, <br />
bakang, binen) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
W<br />
waluh: 'eight' (cf. aluh)</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=KBT_wordlist&diff=10309
KBT wordlist
2024-03-09T19:37:56Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
A<br />
<br />
[[aang]]1: 'cork lid'<br />
<br />
[[aang]]2: 'tool used for gouging wood, adze with straight blade' (cf. bikung), kapak,taan)) <br />
[[aar]]1: bellows': naar (in-aar) 'the process of metal toolmaking: the process of <br />
using the bellows to pump air in blacksmithing' <br />
[[aar]]2: 'carefully woven rattan twine used in tying; woven raltan work used on <br />
implements': naar ( 'to make rattan work', naar (in-aar) 'preterite <br />
passive of naar' <br />
[[abad]]: 'plant with long leaves and fruit which grows in bunches in wet places' <br />
[[aban]]1: 'because; unless' <br />
[[aban]]2: 'quarrel over possession of something (property, two men over a <br />
woman, etc.)': pepaban (pep-aban) 'quarrel with one another' <br />
[[abang]]: 'ditch, canal' nabang 'make a ditch' <br />
[[abet]]: 'way of tying; thing used for tying': ngabet (ng-abet) 'to tie'; pengabet<br />
'thing use for tying'; pinengabet 'was used as a thing for tying'; senabet (CB) 'was used to tie' (cf. bebhed) <br />
[[abi]]: last one'; abi-abi: 'all, every one'; mabi (m-abi) 'finished'; ngabi 'to finish' (cf. pengeh ) <br />
[[abuh]]: 'ashes'; mabuh (m-abuh) 'dusty, covered with dust or ashes': nabuh (in-abuh) 'was cover by dust or ashes'; ngabuh 'make dusty, cover with dust or ashes' pabuh (p-abuh) 'throw dust on one another (of two persons or many people)' (cf. labuh) <br />
[[adaq|ada']]: 'soul. ghost. spirit (cf. iat) <br />
[[adel]]1: 'buffalo flea' (cf. gesimel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
[[adel]]2: 'lock' <br />
[[aden]]: 'starting line or block for footrace; starting point' <br />
[[adeng]]: 'charcoal used in blacksmithing' (cf. rereng) <br />
[[ading]]: 'earwax' (cf. ta?ih lalid ) <br />
[[aduk]]: 'ostentation' (?): aduk-aduk 'showing off <br />
[[adung]]: 'adoption'; dungen 'aorist passive of ngadung'; ngadung 'to adopt' <br />
[[agag]]: 'a sieve'; nagag 'to sieve (esp. rice that has already been husked .through pounding on the iung)' <br />
[[agap]]:(JU)'a shock: way .of startling'; ngagap 'startle someone' (cf. gagap) <br />
', <br />
[[ager]]: 'crumbs left after a meal' <br />
[[ain]]: 'sweet taste'; da?et ain 'bad taste (= not sweet tasting)'; main (m-ain) 'sweet';doo? main 'delicious' <br />
[[aja]]: 'penis plug (bamboo plug traditionally inserted through the glans penis) <br />
[[aka]]: 'cleared area'; naka (in-aka) 'was cleared by'; ngaka (ng-aka) 'to clear an area, make a clearing' <br />
[[akaq|aka']]: 'saliva' (cf. lidha?) <br />
[[akat]]: 'bravery, courage'; makal (m-akat) 'brave, courageous' <br />
[[akep]]: 'black snail found in the river' (cf. kereruang, keruang) <br />
[[akun]]: 'admission'; ngakun 'admit fault' <br />
[[alad]]: 'wall'; ngalad 'miakc a wall, build a wall' <br />
[[alang]](CB): 'back of knife blade, edge': ngalar) (ng-alag) 'hit wilh the blunt.side of a knife' j <br />
[[alap]]: 'act of taking, getting or fetching'; nalap (in-alap) 'was fetched by'; ngalap (ng-alap) 'take, get, fetch' <br />
[[alaq|ala']]: (see simun) <br />
[[aleb]]: 'knee' <br />
[[alem]]: 'night'; temalem (tem-alem or te-malem?) 'spend a night' (cf. malem) <br />
[[ali]] (CB): (?): da?et ali 'deserted, of a place that has been abandoned; quiet, of a place' <br />
[[alid]]: 'steep slope (not as rugged as beribhi)' (cf. beribhi, ra?an) <br />
[[alih]]1: 'pregnancy'; malih (m-alih) 'pregnant (coarse term which implies that the child will not be legitimate)'; ngalih (ng-alih)'impregnate' (cf. ngeren) <br />
[[alih]]2: 'a taboo'; malih (m-alih) 'be taboo' (cf. eren) <br />
[[aliq|ali']] (JU): 'accumulated dirt on skin, as behind the ears' <br />
[[alud]]: 'dugoul canoe, boat; ngalud (ng-alud) 'carry things in a boat' <br />
[[alug]]: lie, untruth'; malug (em-alug) 'play a trick on someone to deceive them, lie; a lie': pemalug (pem-alug) liar; false story'; pepalug (pep-alug) lie to one another' <br />
[[aluh]]1: 'eight' (cf. waluh) <br />
[[aluh]]2: long wooden rice, pestle' (cf. tutuk) <br />
[[alung]](CB): 'fern-like plant' <br />
[[amug]]: 'meadow; previously farmed area, abandoned farmland' <br />
[[anak]]: 'child, baby', a.dela?ih 'boy'; a. dedhur 'girl'; a. kadi? 'small child'; a. menaken 'nephew, niece': a. nanap(in-alap) 'adopted child'; a. sia? new-born baby'; nenganak (ng-teng-anak) 'give birth'; tenganak (teng-anak) 'date of birth' <br />
[[anam]] (CB): 'act of picking something up from the ground'; nanam (ne-anam?) <br />
(CB) 'pick up with the fingers'; nganam (ng-anam) 'pick something up from the ground' <br />
[[aney]]: 'termite' (see rera?) <br />
[[anit]]: 'tree bark, pig .skin (rude when used for people)'; nganit (ng-anit) 'make an expedition into the jungle to skin bark from trees' (ef. kubil, lanit) <br />
[[anud]]: 'current, direction of flow'; manud (em-anud) 'to flow; move on the <br />
current': manud medayeh 'upriver'; manud mela?ud 'downriver' (cf. awer) <br />
[[anuk]]: 'clothing'; nganuk(ng-anuk) 'put on clothing' (cf. kelibung) <br />
[[angang]]: 'barking of dog, sound of a dog barking': ngangang 'to bark, of a dog" <br />
[[angat]]: 'small branch' (cf. da?an) <br />
[[angai]]: 'kind of small porcelain jar' (cf. belanay) <br />
[[angeq|ange']]: 'bee-like insect that does not bite or sting. Children hold up the little finger for this insect to come and land on' (see bua?) <br />
[[anget]]: 'kind of bee' <br />
[[apad]]: 'mountain range' (cf. buduk, puun) <br />
[[apaq|apa']]: 'to take' (cf. alap, apen) <br />
[[apeh]]: 'which?' (cf. sapeh) <br />
[[apen]]: 'to take' (cf. alap. apa') <br />
[[aping]]1(JU): 'outside' (cf. lai) <br />
[[aping]]2 (PM): 'ends of something, as a longhouse' <br />
[[apo]]: 'roof; apo kenangan 'roofing material made from nipa palm leaf'; ngapo (ng-apo) 'make a roof ' <br />
[[apuk]]1: 'fine ashes or dusi in the air, sawdust; facial powder'; mapuk (m-apuk) 'dusty': napuk (in-apuk) 'was made dusty'; ngapuk (ng-apuk) 'make something dusty' <br />
[[apuk]]2: 'cotton' I <br />
[[apung]]: 'act of hiding a thing; thing hidden'; mapung (m-apung) 'hidden'; napung: in-apung) 'was hididen by'; ngapung (ng-apung) 'hide something or oneself (Intentionally)', perengapunget)agur)(pere-ng-apung)'hide oneself <br />
apuy: 'fire' <br />
[[a'eb]](CB): lid of a basket (cf. kekeb) <br />
[[a'ed]](JU): 'speech defect; ma?ed (em-a?ed) 'speak defectively, stutter' <br />
[[a'it]]1: 'sickness, pain'; ma?it (m-a?it) 'sick, painful'; ma?it lipen 'tooth-ache ;ma?it uluh 'headache' <br />
[[a'it]]2: 'wait'; na?it (ne-a?it) 'wait for', pepa?it (pep-a?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. ta?it) <br />
[[a'ud]]1: 'wall hook on which objects are hung' (cf. edhang2) <br />
[[a'ud]]2: 'tool for clearing' <br />
[[arak]]1: 'rice wine' <br />
[[arak]]2(PM):'bamboo railing or handhold to give support when descending steps or crossing a bridge'; ngarak (ng-arak) 'to guide by the hand, as a blind man' <br />
[[arang]]: 'a dance'; ngarang (ng-arang) 'to dance' <br />
[[araq|ara']] (PM): 'don't want' (said to be more usual than dara?, q.v.) <br />
[[arar]]1: 'bamboo cage-like structure in which meat is placed for smoking': nga-rar (ng-arar) 'to smoke or dry meat over a fire' <br />
[[arar]]2: 'nest'; ngarar (ng-arar) 'make a nest' (cf. tenuran) <br />
[[areg]]: 'fragment, small piece of something broken'; mareg (m-areg) 'brokensmall pisces, fragmented'', ngareg (ng-areg) 'break somethinginto small pieces' <br />
[[arit]] (JU): 'design'; ngarit (ng-arit) 'make designs, as on a shield' <br />
[[aruq|aru']]: 'casuarina' (see kayuh) <br />
[[arur]]: 'stream, small branch of a river'; r)arur ( r)-arur) 'follow along a steam or river' <br />
[[asa]]: 'whetting, grinding, sharpening'; asa asa 'scratch oneself against a tree, of carabaos'; ngasa (ng-asa) to sharpen (as a knife') (cf. i'ir, tadem) <br />
[[asab]]: 'falling sickness, epilepsy'; masab (m-asab) 'epileptic' <br />
[[asang]]1: 'gills of a fish' <br />
[[asang]]2: 'tall woven basket' <br />
[[aseg]]: 'water that has been added to the rice that has been used to make rice wine (this gives a second, diluted batch of rice wine)' <br />
[[asek]]: 'pineapple fiber (formerly used for sewing)' <br />
[[asih]]: 'pretense': asih asih 'pretend, as to pretend not to see another person whom you consider beneath you' <br />
[[asiq|asi']]: 'stinginess, selfishness': asi? asi? 'stingy, selfish': masi? (m-asi?) 'stingy' <br />
[[aso]]: 'procrastination': aso aso 'put off doing something that someone has ask-ed you to do because you dislike having been asked to do [[it' <br />
[[asuq|asu']]: 'stool' <br />
[[atang]] (CB): 'crossbeam in house construction'; ngatang (n-atang) 'carry something on a pole between two people' <br />
[[ataq|ata']]: 'rice grains with a husk among the husked grains after pounding' <br />
[[atey]]1: 'liver': ate rua? lungs': ate buduk 'heart' <br />
[[atey]]2: 'death'; mate (m-ate) 'die. dead', nate (in-ate) 'was killed'; ngate (ng-ate) 'kill', petate (pep-ate) 'kill each other' (cf. pate) <br />
[[ateb]]: 'deadfall trap for small animals such as rats and squirrels' <br />
[[atet]]: 'clitoris' (cl.pengi?) <br />
[[atir]] (CB): 'area just inside the front of the rice granary (not the storage area proper)' <br />
[[atok]]: '(very? )' (said lo be rare: see si'it) <br />
[[atur]]1(JU): 'generation, age group' <br />
[[atur]]2(CB): 'an order, command'; ngatur (ng-atur) 'to order, command' (cf. turu?) <br />
[[atoi]]: 'a swing': petatuy (pet-atuy?) 'to swing like a pendulum'; metatuy (ng-pet-atuy) 'make something swing like a pendulum' <br />
[[awa]]: 'awe; disappointment, regret'; mawa (m-awa) 'awed: disappointed,feeling regret' <br />
[[awan]]: 'spouse' <br />
[[awa'|awa']]: 'waist <br />
[[awer]]: 'rapids, fast flowing part of the river'; mawer (m-awer) 'swift' (cf anud) <br />
[[ayek]]: 'a whisper': ngayek(ng-ayek) 'to whisper' pepayek(pep-ayek) 'whis- per to one another <br />
[[ayu]]1: 'expression corresponding to "you're it", used by children chasing one another in game' <br />
[[ayu]]2: 'predictable'; doo? ayu 'clever, smart': mayu(m-ayu?) likely, probable' <br />
[[ayud]]: 'writing'; ngayud (ng-ayud) 'write' (cf. nulis, urit) <br />
[[ayum]]: 'affection'; ngayum(ng-ayum) 'say something in affection, sym-paltlize' <br />
[[ayun]]: 'shadow' <br />
[[ayuq|ayu']]: 'just, only; always. habitually' <br />
<br />
B<br />
baang: 'place for storing small logs behind the fireplace' <br />
baa?: 'wet; wet rice field <br />
babeh: 'carrying basket that is worn on the beck, with a tumpline over the <br />
forehead'; binabeh (b-in-abeh) 'was carried on the back'; mabeh <br />
(ng-babeh) <br />
'to carry on the back' (cf. bakang, binen, uyut) <br />
babuy (CB): 'male, of pigs' (see berek; cf. la?ih) <br />
bada: 'sand' <br />
bada?1: 'advice'; binada? (b-in-ada?) 'was advised by'; mada? (ng-bada?) <br />
'advise, tell, instruct': pebada? (pep-bada?) 'advise one <br />
another, tell each <br />
other'; tebada?(te-bada?)'advice' <br />
bada?2: (PM): 'invitation' <br />
badil: 'child's toy weapon of bamboo for shooting other children in <br />
play': <br />
bedilen (baldilen) 'aorist passive of madil'; binadil (b-in-adil), <br />
pinadil <br />
(p-in-adil) 'was shot by': madil (ng-badil) 'to shoot; to hunt using guns' (cf. <br />
ngeraad ) <br />
baduk: 'jackfruit' (see bua?) <br />
baka: 'wild pig' (cf. berek) <br />
bakang: 'wide apart, of the feet while standing': tebakang (te-bakang) 'be wide <br />
apart, of the feet whilel standing'; nebakar) (n-te-bakar)) 'make <br />
someone <br />
else's feet wide apart, spread someone's legs, force apart <br />
forceps: stand over <br />
someone or something with feet wide apart'; simbakang <br />
(t-in-e-bakang) <br />
'preterite passive of. neakang' <br />
bakul (CB): 'basket that is carried in the hanfi' (Makay loan?) <br />
baku?: 'cute (of babies, of ornaments that represent animals, birds, etc.)' <br />
bala: 'news, fame; famous'; belaan (bala-an) 'saying, telling'; binala <br />
(b-in-ala) <br />
'was said by, was told by': mala(n-bala) 'say, tell, talk about' <br />
balang: 'tiger' <br />
baleh: 'debt'(cf.utang) <br />
balih: 'a lie: lying, deceitful, untruthful'; malih (ng-balih) to lie, be <br />
deceitful' <br />
baliw1: 'change form. metamorphose, as a caterpillar into a butterfly; hatch, <br />
as <br />
an egg' <br />
baliw2 (I'M): 'warp' <br />
balu? (CB): 'provisions, food given to someone when he departs on a jour- <br />
ney': nebalu? (ne-balu? ) 'give provisions to someone going on a <br />
journey' <br />
bangeh: 'water trough (for pigs, dogs)' <br />
banget: 'sea. ocean' <br />
ba?an: 'bearing fruit, flowering' (cf. busuk) <br />
ba?o (CB): 'beads' <br />
ba?ung: 'banana' <br />
ba?ur (CB): 'fishing pole; trip stick in an ebhung, noose trap' <br />
bara?: 'swell, become swollen or inflamed' <br />
barat 'veranda, porch-like area where the edhan rests and where firewood <br />
is <br />
split' <br />
bareh: 'emiber, glowing coal' <br />
baring: (see bulu?) <br />
barit: 'striped, colorful' (see bulu?) <br />
bariw: 'strong wind. storm wind' (see udan) <br />
basa?: 'way of reading, act of reading'; binasa? (b-in-asa?) 'was read by': <br />
<br />
kebasa? (ke-basa?) 'way of reading'; masa? (ng-basa?)'to read' <br />
(Malay <br />
loan) <br />
batang: log, tree trunk' <br />
bata?: 'green (as grass), blue (as (he sky)' <br />
batek: 'abdomen' <br />
batuh: 'stone'; binatuh [b-in-atuh) 'cemetery' <br />
baur (CB): 'full after eating, satiated'; maur (ng-baur) 'to satiate someone, <br />
feed <br />
someone to the point of satiation' <br />
bawang1: 'onion' <br />
bawang2: 'settlement, village, country' <br />
baweh: 'enemy'; (pep-baweh) 'be enemies with one another' (cf. <br />
bunu?) ! <br />
bayang: 'goatskin armor formerly used hy warriors when going lo battle' <br />
bayar (CB): 'pay' (Malay loan) <br />
bayeh: 'crocodile' <br />
bayuh: (see bulu?) <br />
bayung: 'a spear': mayung (ng-bayur)'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
bebhak (CB): 'torn (aa shirt, pants, mosquito net)'; bibhak (be-i-bhak) 'was <br />
bebhan: 'bird-lime stick used to catch birds'; mebhan (ng-bebhan) 'catch <br />
birds <br />
with the bird-lime stick' <br />
bebha?: 'urine; urinate' (cf. ebhah) <br />
bebhat: 'a share, division'; bibhat (be-i-bhat). binibhat(b-in-e-i-bhat) <br />
'was shar- <br />
ed or divided by': mebhat (ng-bebhat) 'to share, divide' <br />
bebhed (CB): 'a bundle, as of firewood: what is used to tie something into a <br />
bundle': b. kayuh 'bundle of wood': bibhed (be-i-bhed) 'was <br />
tied by winding <br />
around': mebhed (ng-bebhed) 'tie by winding around (bundles, <br />
bandage on <br />
limbs, etc.)' (cf. abet. pehhed) <br />
bebhek1: 'rice fragments left after pounding; finely pounded, crushed into fine <br />
<br />
particles, of rice'; bibhek (be-i-bhek) 'was broken into <br />
small panicles'; <br />
mebhek (ng-bebhek) 'break something into small particles, <br />
pound something <br />
fine' (cf. berebhek) <br />
bebhek2: 'talkative' <br />
behhen1: 'closing by covering': bibhen( be-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'; mebhen (ng-bebhen) 'close the mouth or opening of a <br />
container or <br />
bamboo by covering (deliberate action)' <br />
bebhen2: 'sink into the ground as a result of human intervention (of house <br />
posts)': bibhen (b-e-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'.mebhen (ng-bebhen) <br />
'make something sink into the ground' <br />
bebher: 'woven mat fan for fanning the fire; flutter in the wind'; bibher <br />
(be-i-bher) 'was fanned by'; mebher (ng-bebherl) 'to fan the <br />
fire'' <br />
bebho: 'cool off the temper, after getting angry or crying)' <br />
bedhek: 'nasal mucus' <br />
bedhi?: 'vulva, vagina' (cf. edhi?) <br />
bedhuk: 'short-tailed yullow-brown monkey, probably Macacus nemestrinus' <br />
(cf. berangad , kelabet. kuyad) <br />
begheh: 'dumb, mute, unable lo speak' <br />
bekaar: 'sit cross-legged' (cf. tudo) <br />
bekakit (I'M): 'turn something over, as glass or a vase' <br />
bekang (JU): 'large carrying basket worn on the back' (cf'. babeh. binen, uyut) <br />
beken: 'other: different, behaving differently than usual' <br />
bekukit (PM): 'fall over headfirst while squatting' <br />
bekuku?(PM): 'kneel' <br />
belad: 'spread open': bilad (be-i-lad) 'was spread open by'; melad <br />
(ng-belad) <br />
'to spread open, as linen' <br />
beladan1: 'the entire platform is built on the support posts and which <br />
forms the floor of the longhouse' <br />
beladan2: 'turtle. tortoise' <br />
belanay: 'four-foot high porcelain jar used for storing corn or making rice <br />
wine' <br />
belang: 'small cut' :melang (ng-belang) 'cut someone' <br />
belatik: 'spring-set arrow trap for animals' <br />
belatu?: 'outstanding: conspicuous, obvious' <br />
belawan: 'iron (metal)' <br />
belel: 'a float used on fishing lines' (cf. lupung) <br />
belen: 'log props under wooden chair' <br />
belih: 'buying'; bilih (be-i-lih) 'was bought by': melih(ng-belih) <br />
'to buy'', <br />
pebelih (pep-belih) 'trade with one another' <br />
beliw: 'slip from the hand, as when someone falls and grasps for <br />
support, but <br />
cannot hold it; biliw. (be-i-liw) 'preterite passive of <br />
ng-beliw'; meliw <br />
(ng-beliw) let go of something' (cf. peliw) <br />
belu?ing: 'hoe used for tilling and weeding in rice paddies and gardens' <br />
benang (CD): 'coffin' (cf. lungun) <br />
beneh: 'low' <br />
bengar: 'planks that form the beladan, or floor platform of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
bengel: 'deaf <br />
bengelih: 'canine tooth, tusk' <br />
bengil (CB): 'ankle' <br />
bera: 'husked rice' <br />
berang: 'width (of a river, house, field)' <br />
berangad(CB): 'small, gray. long-tailed monkey similar to kuyad' <br />
beraok: ' large frog' (cf. epit, teleka?) <br />
bera?ang: 'molar tooth' <br />
berat: 'heavy' <br />
bere: 'thing given'; bire (be-i-re) 'was given by'; mere (ng-bere) <br />
'give'; pebere <br />
(pep-bere) 'give to one another, exchange gifts' <br />
berebhek (CB): 'piece of broken stone'; merebhek (ng-berebhek) 'break a stone <br />
into small pieces, crush pulverize' (cf. bebhek) <br />
berek: 'domesticated peg'; b. babuy 'male pig, boar'; b. sinan 'female <br />
pig, <br />
sow' (cf. baka) I <br />
berenuan: 'kind of small bee' <br />
berere: 'jungle swamp with red lateritic soil' <br />
beret: 'woman's waist band of beads' (cf.eret) <br />
beribhi: 'steep slope' (cf. alid, ra?an) <br />
berirang: 'striking edge on matchbox' (Malay loan) <br />
beriwer: 'twirling (of a bullroarer)'; meriwer (ng-beriwer) 'to twirl' <br />
beruang: 'the Malayan honey bear: Ursus Malayanus' <br />
beruh: 'new: just now: again' <br />
besai: 'canoe paddle' (loan, probably from a Kenyah dialect)' <br />
besit: 'squirt out' (of pus from, a pimple when squeezed) <br />
beter: 'kidney' <br />
beti: 'calf of the leg' <br />
betik: 'tattoo' <br />
betua: (?);b. idhung 'wing of the nostril' <br />
betueh: 'stomach (internal organ)' <br />
betung: (see bulan, bulu?) <br />
bibek: 'domesticated duck' (Malay loan) <br />
bibir: 'lip' <br />
bigan (CB): 'plate' (Malay loan) <br />
bikung: 'tool used to smooth wood surfaces, adze'; mikung.(ng-bikur) <br />
'work <br />
with an adze' (cf. aang) <br />
bilak: 'piece of split wood, rattan or bamboo'; milak (ng-bilak) to <br />
split wood, <br />
rattan or bamboo lengthwise' (cf. upa) <br />
bila?: 'broken, split (state)'; benila? (b-in-ila?) 'preterite <br />
passive of bila?'; <br />
mila? (ng-bila?) 'to break, split something' <br />
bilun (JU): 'airplane' (English 'balloon') <br />
binen: 'kind of small carrying basket' (cf. babeh.bakar), uyul) <br />
bi?ung (CB): 'kind of gourd that is used as a container' <br />
birar: 'yellow' <br />
biruh: 'appearance, features; outward signs'; doo? b. 'good <br />
appearance (of <br />
people, baskets, pots)' <br />
bisung: 'hit a person with a stick by accident, as a child playing <br />
with a <br />
bullroarer' <br />
buang (CB): 'beetle (generic)' <br />
bua?: 'fruit; integral part of'; b. buyo 'orange': b. buyo duru? <br />
'small sweet <br />
variety of orange'; b. buyo pada 'lemon'; b. datu? <br />
'durian'; b. pangin 'fruit of <br />
the mango family'; b. laam 'mango'; b. tabuh b. tedhak <br />
'pumpkin': bua? <br />
tidhu? 'fingers'; bua? t. rayeh 'thumb', bua? t. tidhul <br />
'index finger', bua? t. <br />
uned 'middle finger', bua? t. sising 'ring finger', bua? <br />
t. dara? 'ring finger', <br />
bua? t. ange? 'little finger', bua? t. i?it 'little <br />
finger', b. tikan 'honeybee'. <br />
buar: 'struck by something falling'; muar (ng-buar) 'hit with <br />
something' <br />
buat1(CB): 'character, personality <br />
buat2: 'gossip, idle talk'; muat (ng-buat) 'to gossip'; pebuat <br />
(pep-buat) 'tall <br />
about one another <br />
bube?: 'defecate' (cf. tae?) <br />
bubuh1 (CB): 'bamboo basket trap for fish. placed with mouth upstream' <br />
bubuh2(CB): 'move, charge location': mubuh (ng-bubuh) to move' <br />
bubhuk (CB): 'tree from which leaves are taken to make a poultice for the <br />
relief of rheumatic pains, sprains, bruises, etc.' <br />
bubhul (CB): 'a patch'; mubhul (ng-bubhul) 'to patch, mend' <br />
bubhun1: 'campfire; fire used for glazing pots' (= bubhun2?) <br />
bubhun2(CB): 'heap, pile (of earth, sticks, etc.)'; mubhun (ng-bubhun) 'make a <br />
heap or pile of earth, sticks, etc.' <br />
bubhu ?: 'door'; rnubhu? (ng-bubhu?) 'make a hole by piercing through' <br />
bubhut: 'feathers that have been plucked from a chicken; plucking, <br />
pulling' <br />
binubhut (b-in-ubhut) 'was plucked by'; mubhut (r)-bubh <br />
t) 'pluck, pull out. <br />
as feathers' <br />
buda?: 'white' <br />
budud: 'sword grass .lmperara clindrica'(cf.uduh) <br />
buduk: 'cone, peak of a mountain, lip of the nose, lip of a pen'; <br />
buduk ruma? <br />
'ridgepole' (cf. apad, puun) <br />
bued: 'source', b.ebha? 'spring, source of a river' <br />
buen: 'odor, smell of something', b. kedi?it 'a little smell'; beruh <br />
buen 'weak <br />
(lit. 'new') smell'; da?et buen 'bad smell', doo? buen <br />
'good smell'; galih <br />
buen 'strong smell'; binuen (b-in-uen) 'was smelled by'; <br />
muen (ng-buen) 'M <br />
smell something' <br />
bugo: 'flat piece of wood used to stir rice' <br />
bui: 'soft breeze: have a soft breez.e blowing' <br />
bujur: 'distended, of the belly (also used as a personal epithet)' <br />
bukuh1: 'book' (English loan) <br />
bukuh2: 'joint of finger or bamboo: node; knot in a tree'', sebukuh <br />
(se-bukuh) <br />
'knot in a string: string with knots for keeping track of <br />
time': nebukuh <br />
(ng-se-bukuh)'tie a knot' (cf. bukuh) <br />
bukut: 'a punch': binukut (b-in-ukut) 'was punched by': mukul (ng-bukut)'to <br />
<br />
punch': pemukut (peng-bukut) 'thing used to punch (as a glove, <br />
etc.)': <br />
pebukut (pep-bukut) 'punch one another' (cf. nguarn) <br />
bulan: 'moon': b. betung 'full moon' <br />
bulat: 'open the eyes': binulat (b-in-ulat) 'was looked at by'; mulat <br />
(ng-bulat) <br />
look at someone or something': pebulat (pep-bulat) look at one <br />
another' <br />
buleng: 'single, lone': anak buleng 'only child': sebuleng (se-buleng) <br />
'alone'; <br />
nebuleng (ng-se-buleng) 'keep something (as a problem) to <br />
oneself, not sharing <br />
it with others' (cf. uleng) <br />
buluh1: 'body hair; leather': buluh mateh 'eyelash'; buluh madu? 'eyebrow' <br />
buluh2 (PM): 'love': pebuluh (pep-buluh) love one another' <br />
bulu?: 'bamboo': b. baring 'small species of bamboo used by children to <br />
make <br />
blowpipes'; b. barit 'thin yellow bamboo species with green <br />
lines': b. bayuh <br />
'thin, small species of bamboo which gives bad cuts': b. <br />
betung large, thick <br />
species of bamboo'; b. eling 'bamboo species smaller than b. <br />
betung'; b. telang <br />
'medium-sized species of bamboo' <br />
buned: 'powder' <br />
bunu?: 'enemy': rnunu? (ng-bunu?) 'go to war': pebunu? (pep-bunu?)'go to <br />
war against each other' (cf. baweh) <br />
bunga? (CB): 'cultivated flower' (probably a Malay loan; cf. busak) <br />
bunga?an: 'bladder' <br />
bupu? (CB): 'washing'; binupu? (b-in-upu?) 'was washed by'; mupu? <br />
(ng-bupu?)'to wash' (cf. pupu?) <br />
bu?an (CB): 'round rattan carrying container worn on the back' <br />
bu?uh: 'anger'; binu?uh (b-in-u?uh) 'be the object of someone's <br />
anger'; <br />
perebu?uh(pere-bu?uh ) 'be anger with' <br />
burak: 'rice wine' <br />
buro (JU): 'send away, chase away'; muro (ng-buro) 'send someone away, <br />
scare <br />
off birds or animals, as from the fields' <br />
buruk: 'rotten' <br />
buru?: 'washed off, as paint from a wall'; seburu? (se-buru?) 'wash <br />
one's <br />
face' <br />
burur (JU): 'body: counting classifier for people' <br />
busak: 'wild I'lowcr, flowering, as a tree' (cf. ba?an,bunga?) <br />
buser: 'blind', muser (ng-buser) 'to blind someone' <br />
buso: 'a spear' (cf. mayung) <br />
butal: 'bald' (cf. pango) <br />
butan: 'coconut' (see bua?) <br />
buta?: 'sleep in the eye, mucus in the comer of the eye' <br />
butung: 'corpse, carcass, dead body' <br />
butu?: 'penis' <br />
buyo: 'citrus fruit' (see bua?) <br />
buyur (JU): 'too long, as fhe sleeves of a shirt or the legs of a pair of <br />
trousers': <br />
muyur (ng-buyur) 'lengthen' <br />
<br />
D<br />
daan: 'hut in the ricefield where people stay to scare away birds' <br />
dadan: 'old, of things; long, of time'', dadan dadan 'for a long time' (cf. <br />
ngered, <br />
ma?un) I <br />
dadang: 'heat rom a fire, be exposed to heat (as a person sitting near a <br />
fiire)'; <br />
nadang (ng-dadang) 'to heat'; sinadang (d-in-adang) 'was heated <br />
by' <br />
dadem: 'feverish, sick' I <br />
dalan: 'path, road'; nalang (ng-dalan) 'to walk'; delanan (dalan-an) 'path <br />
made <br />
by repeated walking over the same course'; medalan (me-dalan?) <br />
'help <br />
someone walk' <br />
dalem: 'deep' inedalem (ng-dalem) 'deepen' <br />
dalid: 'ear' (dialect form; cf. lalid) <br />
daluh (CB): 'a fight, quarrel'; pedaluh (pep-daluh) 'to fight, quarrel with one <br />
<br />
another' (cf. kedaluh) <br />
dame: (see lau?) <br />
dapo (CB): 'walk or talk in one's sleep' <br />
dapur: 'kitchen' (Malay loan) <br />
da?an: 'branch, bough of a tree' (cf. angat) <br />
da?ar: live twig (cf. raka?)' <br />
da?eh: 'chin. jaw' <br />
da?et: 'bad'; dina?et(d-in-a?et) 'was damaged by'; pada?et(pep-da?et) <br />
'say something bad about one another' <br />
da?un: 'leaf (cf. rudang) <br />
dara?1: 'blood'; dera?en (dara?-en) 'bleeding, as the gums' (see bua?, cf. <br />
dara?) <br />
dara?2: 'don't, don't want' (cf. ara?, ian) <br />
dari: 'fine. small' (see peretak) <br />
datu?: (see bua?) <br />
dawan: lamp, torch' (cf. lapung) <br />
dawa?: 'a libel suit'; ngedawa? (ng-dawa?) 'sue someone' <br />
dayeh: 'upriver, toward the interior'; pedayeh (pe-dayeh) 'upriver <br />
(loc.)'; <br />
medayeh (me-dayeh) 'go upriver' <br />
dayung(PM): 'trance' <br />
dedhak (CB): way of slapping or tamping something to make it more compact'; <br />
kededhak (kededhak) 'way of slapping or lamping <br />
something'; nedhak <br />
(ng-dedhak) 'when constructing a levee in the paddy <br />
field, to slap the wet clay <br />
with a large paddle or club to make it more compact; <br />
prior to wrapping <br />
cooked rice in leaf packages, to pat, squeeze and press <br />
the rice into a compact <br />
mass using a small wooden paddle (bugo)' <br />
dedhar (CB): 'be struck, as by a falling object' (cf. dedhat) <br />
dedhek (CB): 'struck, as by something that someone throws at you; way of <br />
throwing something at someone'; nedhek (ng-dedhek) <br />
'throw any object <br />
(stone, mud, book) at someone or something' <br />
dedhem (CB): 'darkness, dark'; ngededhem (nge-dedhen) 'wait for nightfall' <br />
(cf. m-alem) <br />
dedhen: 'pushing down': nedhen (ng-dedhen) 'push down' <br />
dedher: 'small tree, sapling; slick' <br />
dedhur: 'female (human); woman' (cf. sinan) <br />
dekaan: 'term of intimacy used with relatives' <br />
deket1: 'fish that moves from boulder to boulder in the river' (probably <br />
= <br />
deket2,. from its habit of "sticking" to the rocks) <br />
deket2: 'sticky': neket (ng-deket) 'stick something to something': <br />
siket <br />
(de-i-ket) 'pruterite passive ol neket' (cf. pedeket) <br />
dela?ih: 'male' (cf. la?ih) <br />
dele: 'corn' <br />
delo (JU): 'kind of long eel' (cf. duder) <br />
demulun: 'slave, servant' (cf. dulun, lemulun, paran) <br />
denak (JU): 'suddenly'; medenak (me-denak) 'to startle or surprise someone' <br />
denganeh (CB): (?) d. puar 'brother or sister by a second marriage: half <br />
brother, half sister' <br />
dengur: ' low-pitched (as the voice)' (cf. leki?) <br />
depar: 'back of the hand. top of the foot'; depar tidhu?, l 'back of the <br />
hand' <br />
depeh: 'fathom, distance between two outstretched arms' (cf. urek) <br />
deramih (CB): 'rice straw' (cf. geramih) <br />
deredhang: 'epiphytic fern' (cf. redhang) <br />
deteluh: 'they (trial)' (cf. diweh, ideh) <br />
dian: 'candle' <br />
dila?: 'tongue' <br />
dinger: 'way of listening; hearing'; ninger (ng-dinger) 'to hear, listen <br />
to';peninger <br />
(peng-dinger) 'thing used to hear or listen with'; sininger <br />
(d-in-inger) 'was <br />
heard by, was listened to by' <br />
dingi (CB): 'opposite side; pedingi (pe-dingi) 'on the opposite side' (cf. <br />
dipar) <br />
dipar: 'opposite side; there (in polite speech, esp. when referring to <br />
the loca- <br />
tion of a house)': d. dingi (CB) 'opposite bank'; d. ebha? <br />
'other side of the <br />
river' (cf. dingi) <br />
direm: 'purple, color of a piit' (cf. milem) <br />
diri: 'housepost' <br />
dita?: 'high, tall' <br />
diu?: 'bathe oneself; siniu? (d-in-iu?) (CB) 'was bathed by'; niu? <br />
(ng-diu?) <br />
'bathe a baby or disabled adult'; ken diu? teh X 'a formal <br />
greeting meaning; <br />
'how is X'?' <br />
diweh: 'they (dual)' (cf. deteluh, ideh) <br />
doo?: 'good': ngedoo? (nge-doo?) 'to make good (after a quarrel, <br />
sickness, <br />
etc.)' <br />
duder: 'small freshwater eel that is good to eat' (cf. delo) <br />
dueh: 'two' <br />
duket: 'to perch (of a bird)' <br />
-I <br />
dulun (CD): 'other people' (cf. demulun, ideh, lemulun) <br />
duru? : 'honey' <br />
<br />
E<br />
ebol (CB): 'ball' (English loan) <br />
ebha: 'fall (n.), fall from a height': mebha (em-ebha) 'to fall, of <br />
people or <br />
animals falling accidentally: not used of leaves'; <br />
ngebha? (ng-cbha) <br />
'deliberately push down' <br />
ebha?: 'water (fresh or salt); river; juice of fruit or meat'; e. rudheng <br />
'oil (from <br />
animal fat)'; ba?en (ebha?-en) 'aorisi passive of ngebha?; <br />
ngebha?(ng-ebha?) <br />
'remove the water, as from a pond to better catch the fish in <br />
it: add water, as <br />
to rice when cooking': sibha? (t-e-i-bha?) 'was watered by' <br />
(cf. bebha?; <br />
lato) <br />
ebhar: loincloth' <br />
ebhed (CB): 'tag'; ebhed ebhed 'game of tag played by children' <br />
ebheg (CB): 'pulp of tapioca, coconut, etc. that has been squeezed by. twisting <br />
in a cloth': ngebheg (ng-ebheg)'to squeeze the pulp of <br />
tapioca, etc.' <br />
ebheh (CB): 'where?' (cf. ngapeh) <br />
ebhen1: 'accusation': ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'accuse' <br />
ebhen2: 'sinking into the earth'; ibhen (e-i-bhen) 'having sunk into the <br />
earth (of <br />
house posts)': mebhen (em-ebhen) 'sink into the earth <br />
(unintentional action)'; <br />
ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'push a stick into the ground, a needle <br />
into the skin, etc.' <br />
ebheng: large bridge; levee, water break in a paddy field' (cf. tadur) <br />
ebho: 'act of soothing someone's emotions, as those of a crying baby'; <br />
boen <br />
(ebho-en) 'soothe (passive/imperative)' <br />
ebhu (CB): 'cover, wrapping'; ngebhu' (ng-ebhu) to cover' <br />
ebhud (CB): 'push something (as rubbish) with the instep of the foot' <br />
ebhuh1: 'act of refusing attention after being ignored, as a child'; <br />
mebhuh <br />
(ern-ebhuh) 'refuse attention after being ignored' <br />
ebhuh2: 'any length between two joints of the finger, a fingertip and a <br />
joint or <br />
a knuckle and a joint' <br />
ebhuk: 'head hair' <br />
ebhu1(CB): 'skewer for roasting meat'; ngebhul (ng-ebhul) 'to skewer, as meat <br />
for roasting' <br />
ebhung: 'noose trap of string used to catch birds or small animals'; <br />
ngebhung <br />
(ng-ebhung) 'catch birds oi small animals with a noose trap' <br />
<br />
edhan: 'notchod log ladder for entering and exiting from longhouse'; <br />
nedhan <br />
(ne-edhan) 'put a ladder up'; ngedhan (ng-edhan) 'make a <br />
ladder' <br />
edhangl: light, radiance'; e. edho 'daylight, sunlight'; medhang <br />
(m-edhang): <br />
'bright'; m. edho 'the day is coming, its morning already! <br />
(phrase used when <br />
walking someone in the morning)' {cf. lekedhang, midang) <br />
edhang2: 'wall hook, on which objects are hung'; ngedhang (ng-edhang) 'put <br />
something on a wall hook' (cf. a?ud) <br />
edha?1: 'handle'; medha? (em-edha?) 'attach a handle' pedha? (p-edha?) <br />
'handle' (cl', etun, tunan) <br />
edha?2: 'temper'; da?et edha? 'bad-tempered' <br />
edheh: 'one; there is one' <br />
edhen: 'work (n.): suffering' (cf. mededhen) <br />
edheng1: 'rung of a ladder' <br />
edheng2: 'saliva containing mucus' <br />
edhing: 'coming, arrival of someone': medhing (em-edhing) 'arrive' <br />
edhi?: 'term of familiarity used among females' (cf. bedhi?) <br />
edho: 'day'; e. ma?un (CB) 'day before yesterday'; e. riak <br />
'tomorrow'; e. riak <br />
edheh 'day after tomorrow'; mated edho 'sun'; medho <br />
(m-edho) 'midday' <br />
edhuh: 'act of pushing': ngedhuh (ng-edhuh) 'to push (as wood into a <br />
fire)' (cf. <br />
menul) <br />
egheng: 'chill, cold (n.)'; megheng (em-egheng) 'shiver'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-egheng) <br />
'make someone or something chilly'(cf. gegheng, tegeker) <br />
eghul: 'temperament' ;da?et eghul 'bad-tempered; also used of a <br />
person who <br />
has trouble waking up in the morning' (cf. ukul) <br />
ekeb: 'cover, lid, as for a basket'; ikeb (e-i-keb) 'was covered by' <br />
(cf. kekeb) <br />
ekiw: (see la?al) <br />
ekung: 'owl' <br />
elab (CB): 'the shaking out of a mat'; ngelab (ng-elab) 'shake out a mat' <br />
elad: 'wing of a bird' <br />
elak: 'stored in the crotch of a tree branch'; ilak (e-i-lak) <br />
'preterite passive of <br />
ngelak'; ngelak (ng-elak) 'to store something in the <br />
crotch of a tree branch' <br />
elang (CB): 'border, place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one does <br />
<br />
not intend to expand the clearing)'; ngelang (ng-elang) <br />
'make a border, as by <br />
clearing away growth between two pieces of land' (cl'. <br />
eleng, erang) <br />
ela?: 'want. desire: will (future)' <br />
eleg: 'cessation: divorce': leghen (eleg-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
meleg': meleg <br />
(em-eleg) to stop': ileg (e-i-leg) 'was stopped by' <br />
elen: 'pillow of wood or corn silk' <br />
eleng (CB): 'place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one intends to <br />
expand the clearing)' (cf. elang, erang) <br />
eling1: 'edge (of a timber, etc.)' <br />
eling2: 'pieces of split bamboo used in weaving mats or baskets' (see <br />
bulu?) <br />
elu1 (CB): land that previously has been farmed and now lies unused, fallow <br />
<br />
land' (= elu2?) <br />
elu2 (CB): 'rotted remains of a fruit that has become overripe without being <br />
<br />
eaten': melu (m-elu) 'overripe, of fruits': ngelu <br />
(ng-elu) 'allow fruit to <br />
become overripe and go to waste' <br />
elu1: 'pitfall for catching animals' <br />
elud2 (CB): 'slippery hillside that has been denuded of foliage' <br />
elung1: (see manuk) <br />
elung2: 'mouth of a river' <br />
eme (CB): 'go, go to' (cf. me2) <br />
eme?: 'goat' <br />
emes: 'gold' (Malay loan) <br />
emung (JU): 'way of gathering'; imung(e-i-mung) 'was gathered by'; ngemung <br />
(ng-emung) 'collect, gather, bring together'; pemung <br />
(p-emung) 'heaped <br />
together' <br />
emu?: 'intimate term of address by an adult man or woman to a younger <br />
female, (something like "my daughter")': emu? ta?ih 'an <br />
even more <br />
intimale term for girls' '(cf. ta?ih) <br />
ena?: 'So-and-So' <br />
enem: 'six' <br />
enun: 'what?' <br />
engat: 'gulping' <br />
engep: 'a kiss'; ngepen(engep-en)'aorist passive of ngengep'; ingep <br />
(e-i-ngep) <br />
'was kissed by'; ngengep (ng-engep) 'to kiss'; pengep <br />
(p-engep), pepengep <br />
(pep-engep) 'kiss each anolher' <br />
engi: 'that (demonstrative)' (cf. ineh) <br />
enggg: 'sound of growling (ononm.)' <br />
epak: 'what is split': ipak (e-i-pak) 'was split by', nepak (ne-epak) <br />
'to split <br />
kill an animal with a machete'; ngepak (ng-epak) 'to <br />
split' <br />
epa?: 'way of chewing'; mepa?(em-epa?) 'to chew' <br />
epat: 'four' <br />
epem (CB): 'pump (as a water pump)' (English loan) <br />
epid: 'act of intertwining'; ipid(e-i-pid) 'was braided by'; ngepid <br />
(ng-epid)'to <br />
braid, interwine', pepepid (pep-epid) 'walk with arms <br />
around each others' <br />
shoulders (of small boys)' <br />
epin: 'sleeping mat' (cf.ugam) <br />
epit: 'bamboo tongs for removing charcoal from the fire'; ngepil <br />
(ng-epit) 'pick <br />
something up with tongs' <br />
epub: 'the medicine used by a traditional doctor': ngepub (ng-epub) <br />
'treat <br />
someone with traditional medicine' <br />
epun: 'grandparent of: e. Gerawat 'grandparent of Gerawat' (cf. <br />
tepuh, tepu? ) <br />
eput: 'blowpipe'; ngeput (ng-eput) 'shoot with a blowpipe' <br />
erang (CB): 'border, division'; e. tana? 'border' (cf. elang, eleng) <br />
eren (PM): 'taboo' (cf. alih) <br />
ereng: 'a groan, growl' ngereng (ng-ereng) 'to groan, make a <br />
groaning sound (as <br />
a sick person or a ghost), to growl (as a dog)' <br />
eret: 'man's belt'; ngeret (ng-eref) 'tighten by constriction, as <br />
a belt' (cf. beret) <br />
esag: 'act of splittint;': isag (e-i-sag) 'was split by': nesag <br />
(ne-esag) to split <br />
bamboo (for floors in temporary huts)': tesag (t-esag) <br />
'split bamboo for <br />
walls or floors' <br />
eseb: 'any burned-over area, such as that created in the <br />
preparation of a <br />
swidden'; e-i-seb 'prcierile passive of ngeseb'; ngeseb <br />
(ng-eseh) 'to burn over <br />
an area' <br />
esem: (see bua?) <br />
esit: 'small frog that lives in the stalks of banana trees' (cf. <br />
beraok,teleka?) <br />
esu: 'continuation of one action into another that follows <br />
immediately'; isu <br />
(e-i-su) 'preterile passive of ngesu'; ngesu (ng-esu) <br />
'continue doing one thing <br />
immediately after completing another' <br />
esub: 'act of knocking down'; suben-(esub-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngesub'; <br />
ngesub (ng-esub) 'knock down, as a buffalo or other <br />
corraled animal might <br />
knock down a fence lo escape' <br />
ela: 'fence': ngeta (ng-eta) 'to fence, fence in' <br />
eta?: 'slug (animal)' <br />
eteb: 'act of cutting: the mark left by cutting'; keteb (k-eteb) <br />
'either of the two <br />
pieces of wood produced by a splitting cut'; geteb <br />
(g-keteb) 'to cut a <br />
longitudinal piece (as a stick) in half <br />
eteh: 'area at the base of the spine: tail-bone' <br />
etek: 'popcorn': ngetek (ng-etek) 'make popcorn' <br />
eteng: 'button (as on a shirt)': ngeteng (ng-eteng) 'to button' <br />
etep (CB): 'bite, mark left by biting': itep (e-i-tep) 'was bitten by'; <br />
ngetep <br />
(ng-etep) 'to bite' (ambiguous for stems etep; getep: ketep) <br />
eti: 'tea' (English loan; cf. t6h) <br />
> <br />
etuk: 'heartbeat' <br />
etun: long handle, like a hoe handle' (cf. edha?) <br />
etung: 'meeting place' <br />
etut: 'a fart', ngetut(ng-etut) 'to fart' <br />
<br />
<br />
G<br />
<br />
gaber: 'picture'-, ngaber (ng-gaber) 'take pictures with a camera' (Malay <br />
loan) <br />
gagap (PM): 'startled' ngagap (ng-gagap) 'startle someone' (cf. agap) <br />
gaing: 'spinning top (popular in competitive games)' <br />
galih: 'strong' (cf. kail, tu?eh) <br />
garnet: 'hawk' <br />
gamung: 'aimless action' ;gamur) gamung 'doing something aimlessly, as <br />
child- <br />
ren playing around aimlessly, or housefies buzzing about': <br />
peregamung <br />
(pere-gamung) 'fly around aimlessly, as bees' (cf. pegainung) <br />
gareng (JU): 'roaring (as ;I animal) <br />
gatel: 'itchy: red spot from a rash' (cf. mueh) <br />
gaun (JU): 'skirt' (English 'gown') <br />
gegheng1: 'lifting (as clouds, or an airplane lifting up into the air); the <br />
expression gegheng ieh was used in a traditional ceremony <br />
which included a <br />
contest of strength (kiding berek) in which young men would <br />
lie on the back <br />
and lift a bound, grown pig with one arm'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-gegheg) 'to lift' <br />
gegheng2: 'be numb with cold': gegengen (gegheng-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngegheng'; ngegheng (ng-geghrng) 'too numb with cold' <br />
geleng (CB): 'armlet for males' (cf. leku?) <br />
gelisek: 'ticklish'; ngelisek (ng-gelisek) 'to tickle, as a parent <br />
tickling a baby to <br />
make it laugh' <br />
genuluh: 'stalk of a riceplant without grain head' (cf. runguh) <br />
geregaji?: 'to saw' (Malay loan) <br />
geramih (CB): 'rice straw, rice stubble' (cf. deramih) <br />
gerawat: 'tangled, complicated' <br />
gerimu?: 'to grin' <br />
geriset: 'wrinkle (of skin or clothing)' <br />
gerut (CD): 'hard rice thal sticks lo the bottom of the pot afterr cooking'; <br />
ngerut <br />
(ng-gerut) 'scrape out hard rice from the bottom of the <br />
pol after cooking' <br />
gesimel (CB): 'bed bug' (cf. adel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
gelep: 'bite', getepen (getep-en) 'aorisi passive of ngetep'; <br />
ngetep (ng-getep)'to <br />
bite' (cf. etep, ketep) <br />
getu?en: 'star' (cf. gitu?en) <br />
gileg: 'feet nauseated, feel like vomiting when seeing something <br />
dingusting; <br />
make a startled movement as when someone pokes you in the <br />
ribs'; ngileg <br />
(ng-gileg) 'dig someone in lhe ribs' <br />
girung (PM): looking for something misplaced' (cf. giwen) <br />
gitu?en (CD): (see getu?en) <br />
giwen (JU}: 'untidy, having messy habits' <br />
gugut: 'bottom incisor tooth'; ngugut (n-gugut) 'bite with the <br />
incisors' (cf. <br />
u?it) <br />
guling (JU): (?): guling guling 'shake the head back and forth' <br />
guta: 'wade across a river'; getaan (guta-an) 'fording place, place <br />
where <br />
people usually wade across a river'; megeta (me-geta) 'help <br />
someone wade <br />
across a river' <br />
<br />
<br />
I<br />
<br />
ian: 'dehortative. don't' (cf. dara?) <br />
iat: 'breath; life, spirit, soul'; da?et iat 'sad'; niat (ne-iat) 'to <br />
breathe' <br />
ibal: 'some' <br />
iban: 'parent in law' <br />
ibhang: 'hindrance, intervention': nibhang (ng-ibhang) 'hinder, prevent, <br />
inter- <br />
vene' <br />
ibha?: 'kind of bark bowl used for emptying water' (cf. ebha?) <br />
ibhu?: longitudinal incision made on lhe ventral side of a fish or animal n <br />
remove the viscera': ngibhu?? (ng-ibhu?) 'make such an incision' <br />
idan: 'when?' <br />
idang (PM): 'sunlight' (cr midang) <br />
ideh: 'they (pl.): other people'; dideh (idih-ideh?) 'theirs' (cf. diweh. <br />
deteluh, <br />
dulun) <br />
idih (CB): 'it, thing mentioned; present, as a person' (ken idih ieh 'is he <br />
here/is he present?') <br />
idhung: 'nose' <br />
ieh: '3sg. subject and object: he, she, it; dieh (idih-ieh?) 'his' <br />
iih: 'who?' <br />
ikab: 'opening in the longhouse roof for the entrance of light and for <br />
the exit <br />
of smoke from the cooking fire' <br />
iko: '2sg. subject and object; you'; diko (idih-iko?) 'yours' <br />
ilad: 'kind of palm, the leaves of which are used for making hats' <br />
ilan: 'to lick' <br />
ileh1: 'intelligence, cleverness'; mileh (m-ileh) 'clever' <br />
ileh2: 'unit of measurement equal to about one yard' <br />
iiek: 'armpit' I <br />
ilun: 'nail of finger or toe'; i. tidhu? 'fngernail', i. kukud <br />
'toenail', i. item <br />
(lit 'black nail') 'tip of the fingernail' <br />
ilung: 'seed, corn kernel; meaning, purpose' (enun ilung muyuh marih <br />
idih? <br />
'what is your purpose in coming here?'); i. tenur: 'testicle' <br />
(cf. tenuran) <br />
ilut: 'cane used for caning'; ngilut (ng-ilut) 'strike someone with <br />
rattan, as in <br />
punishment' <br />
imet: 'a grasp, hold on something'; nimet (in-imet) 'was held by';: <br />
ngimet <br />
(ng-imet) 'to grasp, hold' (cf. itan) <br />
inam: 'a figure; act of counting'; nginam (ng-inam) 'to count' (cf. <br />
itung) <br />
inan: 'reason' <br />
ina?: 'my daughter (term of address?)' <br />
inat: 'a pull. tug'; nginat (ng-inat)'to pull, tug'; pepinat <br />
(pep-inat) 'tug-of-war' <br />
ineh: 'that (demonstrative)': kineh(k-ineh) 'that way' (cf. engi) <br />
inih: 'this'; kinih (k-inih) 'this way; now' <br />
io: 'knife' <br />
ipa?1: 'black skin mole' <br />
ipa?2: leaf used as a seasoning agent' <br />
i?ik (JU): (see labo) <br />
i?ir: 'sharpened'; ngi?ir (ng-i?ir) 'to sharpen' (cf. asa, tadem) <br />
i?it : little, small' (cf. kedi?it, si'?it) <br />
irang (CD): 'slope of a mountain' (cf. tukedh ) <br />
irat: 'coming'; mirat (me-irat) 'come' (let ngapeh iral muyuh <br />
'where do you <br />
come from?'); i.edho 'direction of the rising sun' <br />
iro: 'madness, insanity'; miro (m-iro) 'mad, insane' <br />
irup: 'what is dnink; way of drinking'; mirup (em-irup) 'to drink'; <br />
nirup <br />
(in-irup) 'was drunk by'; rupan (irup-an) 'watering hole for <br />
animals in the <br />
jungle'; rupen (imp-en) 'aorist passive of mirup'; ngirup <br />
(ng-irup) 'to drink' <br />
(children's speech): pemirup (pemirup) 'container used to <br />
hold something to <br />
drink (jar, glass, etc.)' <br />
isa?: 'what one deserves' (in the expression: ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!') <br />
iseh: 'a file, instrument for filing'; ngiseh (ng-iseh) 'to file' <br />
isip1 (CB): 'plate with thin, glossy leaves which are used to wrap rice cakes, <br />
packages of rice, etc.' <br />
isip2: 'sheets of tin (before being made into tin cans)' <br />
isi?: 'contents' (Malay loan): nisi? (in-isi?) 'was filled by', <br />
ngisi? (ng-isi?) 'to <br />
fill'(cf. uang) <br />
isud1: 'marrow' (cf. used) <br />
isud2: 'sigh of relief <br />
itan: 'hold, grasp' (cf. imet) <br />
item (GT): 'blackness'; mitem (m-item) (CB) 'black'; ngitem (ng-item) 'black- <br />
<br />
en, darken'; item-item 'dirty'. <br />
iti: 'recognition'; ngiti (ng-iti) 'recognize someone', pepiti <br />
(pep-iti) 'recognze <br />
one anolher' <br />
iti?: female breast'; miti? (em-iti?) 'to suck, as a baby <br />
sucking at the <br />
breast'; ngiti? (ng-iti?) 'to suckle, as a mother sucking <br />
her baby' <br />
itun: 'a question': nitun (in-itun) 'was asked by', tunen <br />
(itun-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of ngitun'; ngitun (ng-itun) 'ask a question'; <br />
pepitun (pep-itun) <br />
'question one another' <br />
itung: 'a figure', act of Counting'; ngitung (ng-itung) 'to count' <br />
(probably a Malay <br />
loan: cf. inam) I <br />
iuh: 'elbow': miuh (ein-iuh) 'accidentally knock with the elbow'; <br />
ngiuh (ng- <br />
iuh) 'to elbow, knock with lhe elbow'; piuh (p-iuh) 'knock <br />
one another with <br />
the elbow' ! <br />
iuk (?): iuk iuk (JU) little by little' <br />
iung: 'rectangular wooden platform slightly hollowed out, with a <br />
hole in the <br />
center in which rice is pounded'; lobang iung 'the hole in <br />
the center of the <br />
iung'; betueh iung 'a wooden extension of the iung <br />
which lies under the <br />
lobang iung and catches lhe rice' <br />
iup: 'blowing'; ngiup (ng-iup) 'to blow' <br />
iur: 'tail (animal)'; iur iur 'used of someone who wants to be <br />
behind all the <br />
time in his work' <br />
iwa?: 'nine' <br />
<br />
<br />
J<br />
jawa: 'foreign country' (see peretak) <br />
julung: 'prow of a canoe' (cf. udhih) <br />
<br />
<br />
K<br />
kaber: 'pineapple' (see bua?) <br />
kabing: lefl side': pekabing (pe-kabing) 'on the left side' <br />
kadang: long, as a stick' (cf. rawir) <br />
kadi?1: 'because' <br />
kadi?2 (CB): 'small' <br />
kail: 'strong (of a person)' (cf. galih, tu?eh) <br />
kak: ('?)'. kak kak 'sound of cackling (onom.)' <br />
kalang: 'thick creeper from which latex is collected' <br />
kalat: 'rope' (cf. nuper) <br />
kamih: 'we (pi. excl.)': dikamih (idih-kamih?) 'ours' (cf. kediweh, <br />
keleluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
kanid: 'cousin, child of MZ, MB,FZ or FB'; k. dedhur 'female cousin'; k. <br />
dela?ih 'male cousin (reference)', k. la?ih 'male cousin <br />
(address)': k. <br />
midhed 'first cousin' <br />
kapak: 'axe' (Malay loan, cf. uay) <br />
kapal: 'thick' <br />
kapeh: 'how?' <br />
kapur: lime, chalk' <br />
karar: 'a slant': ngarar (ng-karai-) 'place something in a slanting <br />
position' <br />
karo: 'act of scratching': ngaro (ng-karo) 'scratch an itchy part' (cf. <br />
ngeramit) <br />
karuh (CB): 'what is said, words'; nekaruh (ne-karuh) 'to talk, speak' <br />
kasang (CB): 'peanuts' (Malay loan) <br />
katem (CB): 'wood plane, implement for planing wood' <br />
kato: locust, grasshopper' k. umeng 'cricket' <br />
katu: 'ancestor, descendant; a continuation of anything' (cf. pekatu) <br />
<br />
kawan: 'friend' (Malay loan; cf. paad) <br />
kawit: 'accidentally cut or scratched by being brushed with a machete (as <br />
when working next to someone cutting grass)' <br />
kaya?: 'weak' <br />
kayep: 'swimming'; kayep kayep 'dog-paddle in the water'; perekayep <br />
(pere-kayeh) 'to swim for one's life (GT); to dog-paddle (CB)' <br />
(cf. languy) <br />
kayuh: 'wood, tree'; k apuy 'firewood'; k. aru? <br />
'casuarina (used for <br />
firewood)'; k. ipak 'small logs used in fireplace'; k. main <br />
'cinnamon', k. <br />
tumuh '.soft wood tree with fine grain and thick, oval leaves <br />
(used for timber <br />
and for obtaining resin for lamps)' <br />
ke-: 'ordinal prefix for numerals' <br />
kedaluh: 'a fight, quarrel; kindaluh (k-in-edaluh) 'preterite passive of nge- <br />
<br />
daluh'; ngedaluh (ng- kedaluh) 'to fight, quarrel with'; <br />
pekedaluh (pep- <br />
kedaluh) 'fight each other' (cf. daluh) <br />
kedelan: 'choke, choke on' (cf. meker, pekan) <br />
kedi?it: little, small in amount, of time' (na?it kedi?it 'wait a little') <br />
(cf. i?it, <br />
si?it) <br />
kediweh: 'we (dual excl.)' (cf. kamih, keteluh, kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
keduit (JU): ladle, scoop' <br />
kedha: 'able to withstand pain'; kedaan (kedha-an) 'suffering'; ngedha, <br />
(ng- <br />
kedha) 'suffer' <br />
kedhep: 'a blink, act of blinking'; kedhep kedhep 'blink constantly or <br />
repeatedly' <br />
kejem: 'a grimace'; nekejem (ne-kejem) 'to grimace, make a face' <br />
kekal: 'break off, snap off; ngekal(ng-kekal) 'to pick, pluck froif <br />
kekeb (CB): lid, cover of something'; ngekeb (ng-kekeb) 'to cover' (cf, a?eb, <br />
ekeb) <br />
kekelit: 'small insectivorous bat' (cf. pawat) <br />
kekeng(CB): 'to shrink, as clothing' <br />
kelab: 'flapping', nekelab (ne-kelab) 'flap the wings, as a rooster <br />
before <br />
crowing' (cf. nekebher) <br />
kelabet(CB): 'gibbon' (cf. bedhuk, berangad, kuyad) <br />
kelatih (CB): 'earthworm' (cf. kereruer, uled) <br />
kelawa? (PM): 'spider' (cf. kelelawa?) <br />
keled (JU): 'kind of black and red spotted fish with a large mouth' <br />
kelelawa? (CB): 'spider' (cf. kelawa.?) <br />
kelibung: 'material, fabric (G'l'): clothing (CB)' (cf. anuk) <br />
kelingay: 'mirror', ngelingay (ng-kelingay) look in the mirror' <br />
kelio: 'wild ox with large involuted horns: Bos gaurus (nearly <br />
extinct at the <br />
time of data collection in 1969) <br />
keli? (CB): 'know (facts)' <br />
keluit: 'fishhook': ngeluit (ng-keluit) 'to fish with hook and line' <br />
kemu?: 'short (height, length), brief; to summarize' <br />
ken1: 'according to (someone or something)' <br />
ken2: 'particle used to form yes-no questions' <br />
kenaman (CB): 'pass out' (cf, redhan) <br />
kenanak: 'sibling'; k. delaih 'brother (can also be used for a close <br />
friend)', k. <br />
dedhur 'sister'; k. i?it (CB) 'younger sibling'; k. <br />
rayeh (CB) 'older sibling' <br />
kenangan: 'the nipa palm: Nipa fruticans' <br />
kenen: 'eat (imperative)' (see kuman, nuk) <br />
kenep (CB): 'each, every'; k. edho 'each day, every day' <br />
keniw: 'eagle' <br />
kenu?: 'sexual intercourse (vulgar)'; ngenu? (ng-kenu?), pekenu? <br />
(pep-kenu?) <br />
'to have sexual intercourse' (cf. patot, sait) <br />
kepit: 'shrunken (as a bean that has dried)' <br />
keraad: 'palate' <br />
keramut: 'small mango variety' (see bua?) <br />
kera?: 'crab' I <br />
kerayab: 'sit in a sloppy or disrespectful manner, sit with limbs <br />
akimbo' <br />
kereb1: 'permitted, allowed; can, able, capable' <br />
kereb2: 'fit, suitability, compatibility with desire'; doo? kereb to <br />
just fit (as <br />
shoes)', doo? kereb ain 'just sweet enough (of taste)' <br />
<br />
kereja (CB): 'work' (Malay loan) <br />
kerekern: 'claw'; ngerekem (ng-kerekem) 'to claw, scratch with claws' <br />
kereruang (CB): land snail' (cf. akep, keruang) <br />
kereruar(CB): 'intestinal worm, flatworm' (cf. kelatih, uled) <br />
kerid: 'vegetables (generic)' <br />
keruang (CB): land snail" (cf. akep, kereruang) <br />
kerubaw: 'carabao, water buffalo' (loan, probably from Malay) <br />
kerud (CB): 'a scrape or abrasion'; ngrud (ng-kerud) 'to scrape <br />
something' <br />
keted: 'back (human)'; neketed (ne-kete4) 'turn one's back on <br />
someone'; <br />
peketed (pep-keted) 'sit back to back' <br />
keleluh: 'we (trial excl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, kiteh, tauh, <br />
teluh) <br />
ketep: 'mark left by a bite'; ngetep (u-ketep) 'to bite <br />
(considered less crude <br />
than ngubit)' (cf. etep,. getep) <br />
keter(CB): (see labo) <br />
ketian: 'thread' (Malay loan) <br />
ketuh: 'very, really'; doo? ketuh 'very good' <br />
keturu?: 'get hurt' <br />
kiding: lifting'; k. berek 'pig lifting (traditional contest in which <br />
men would <br />
see who could lift a pig)'; ngiding (ng-kiding) 'to lift' <br />
<br />
kiki (CB): 'hair that is shaved off; r)iki (D-kiki) 'shave offhair' <br />
kikid: 'vegetable soup' <br />
kilat(CB): lightning' <br />
kilu?: 'bend, curve (as a road)'; kemilu? (k-em-ilu?) 'move in a <br />
winding or <br />
meandering manner'; kinilu? (k-in-ilu?) 'result of <br />
bending (e.g. if a tree <br />
falls across a path and a detour must be made around it <br />
the new path is <br />
called kinilu?)'; ngilu? (ng-kilu?) 'bend something' <br />
kibet(JU): 'heal' (cf. pali?) <br />
kimuh: 'abscess, boil' <br />
kinan: (see kuman) <br />
kineh (JU): 'that way' (cf. inch) <br />
kinih: 'now; this way' (cf. inih) <br />
ki?ik (CB): 'bamboo piece turned by a wind-driven propeller so as to creak <br />
and frighten birds from the fields'; ngeki?ik <br />
(nge-ki'/ik) 'to creak (trees in the <br />
wind, doors when opened, floorboards underfoot)' <br />
kiteh: 'we dual (inci.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, tauh, teluh) <br />
<br />
kopi: 'coffee' (English loan) <br />
ku: 'sentence particle (?)'; cf. ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!' <br />
kuan (CB): 'to, for (a person)' <br />
kubil: leather, hide, as of deer or buffalo' (cf. anit) <br />
kuden: 'earthen pot' <br />
kudhuy: 'stretch out onej's legs' <br />
kuh: 'lsg. agent and possessor; me, my* <br />
ku?: 'for': ku? enun 'for what = why?' <br />
kuir (JU): 'clouded leopard' <br />
kuk: (?); kuk kuk: 'sound of a dog barking (onom.)' <br />
kukud: 'foot, leg' <br />
kuku?uk: 'sound of cawing (onom.)' <br />
kukur (CB): 'kind of pigeon (turtle dove? )' (cf. meto) <br />
kulat1: 'mushroom, toadstool' <br />
kulat2: 'wake up' (cf. tu?i) <br />
kulit: 'skin (of people, animals, fruits, trees, bamboo)'; rice <br />
husk (singular: see <br />
padek), ngulit (ng-kulit) 'to skin (fruits, small <br />
tree, bamboo)' <br />
kulub: 'hollowed log laid inverted over the ridge of the roof to <br />
shed rain, <br />
ridgepole cover' <br />
kuman: 'to eat'; kinan (k-in-an) 'was eaten by (with incipient <br />
fossilization of <br />
the verb morphology)'; penguman (peng-kuman) <br />
'anything eaten with rice' <br />
(cf. peman) <br />
ku?an (CB): 'splinter' <br />
ku?el: 'wrist' <br />
ref ku?uk: 'cawing of a crow'; neku?uk (ne-ku?uk)'to caw, of a crow' <br />
kuri: 'ringworm; affected by ringworm' (cf. pulang) <br />
kusay: 'small onion, leek: Allium porrum' (Malay loan) <br />
kutang (CB): 'cockroach' <br />
kutuh: 'head louse, louse in the hair' (cf. adel, gesimel, li?a, <br />
tumeh) <br />
kuyad (CB): 'small gray, long-tailed monkey: long-tailed macaque' (cf. <br />
bedhuk, berangad, kelabet) <br />
kuyat: 'a scratch on the ground, as that made by a fowl in <br />
searching for food; <br />
the act of scratching'; nekuyat (ne-kuyat) 'to <br />
scratch the ground' <br />
kuyu?: 'buckskin garment that covers only the arms. worn for <br />
protection <br />
while engaged in certain types of work' (cf. sapa?) <br />
<br />
<br />
L<br />
laab: 'quicksand, soft mud in which people or animals sink when they walk <br />
(buffaloes often die in this)' <br />
laak1: 'ripe (fruits); cooked (stative)'; lakan (laak-an) 'ripeness'; <br />
laken <br />
(laak-en) 'thing cooked'; linaak (I-in-aak) 'was cooked by'; <br />
ngelaak (ng- <br />
laak) 'to cook (rice)' (cf. lened, tanek) <br />
laak2: 'year' <br />
laam: 'sour' <br />
laba (JU): 'pass by'; gelaba (g-laba) 'overtake' (cf. pelaba) <br />
labing: 'buttress roots, as the roots of the Casuarina' (cf. ramut, uat) <br />
labo: 'meat' <br />
labo: (?), 1. i?ik: 'rat'; 1. keler 'squirrel' <br />
labuh: 'gray, color of darker clouds'; labuh labuh (JU) 'dusty'; lemabuh <br />
(l-em-ahuh) 'gel oncscll covered wilh dust or ashes, as a child <br />
playing in <br />
the dirt, throw a temper tantrum (= 'roll in the dirt')' (cf. <br />
abuh) <br />
ladeh: 'red chili pepper': ngeladeh (ng-ladeh) 'make food hot by spicing <br />
it wilh <br />
red chili pepper' <br />
lai: 'outside, the outside of: pelai (pe-lai): 'outside (as <br />
outside a social <br />
group)' (cf. aping) <br />
lajang: 'heavy iron cooking pot' <br />
lakut (CB): 'the bending of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk; act of <br />
pulling a branch or the lip of a bamboo stalk down': <br />
belakut (be-lakut) 'beni <br />
down, of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk'; binlakut <br />
(b-in-e-lakut). <br />
linakut (l-in-akut) 'preterite passive of melakut': melakut <br />
(ng-be-lakut) <br />
'bend or pull a branch of bamboo stalk over <br />
lalaw: 'mythical dragon that lives in the river <br />
laled: 'black housefly' (cf. lango) <br />
lalid: 'ear' (cf. dalid) <br />
laman: 'pasture for buffalos <br />
lamud1: 'mixture': ngelamud (nge-lamud), melamud (ng-pe-lamud)'to mix': <br />
<br />
pelamud (pelamud) 'mixed' <br />
lamud2: 'yeast' <br />
lana: 'smooth and shiny, as a bald head': ngelana (ng-lana) 'make <br />
smooth' (cf. <br />
tepi) I <br />
lanit: 'skinning, peeling off; linanit (I-in-anit) 'was <br />
skinned by'; ngelanit <br />
(ng-lanit) 'to skin, peel bark from trees' (cf. anit) <br />
langan: 'blowpipe dart' ; <br />
langit: 'sky' <br />
lango: large bluish-green fly, horsefly' (cf. laled) <br />
langu?: 'brother-in-law, sister-in-law' <br />
languy: 'swimming': languy languy 'dog-paddle in the water'; lemanguy <br />
(1- <br />
em-anguy) 'swim for fun or enjoyment; float'; selanguy <br />
(se-languy) 'float' <br />
(cf. kayep) <br />
lao: 'glossy, as the fur of a healthy animal' <br />
lapung: lamp' (from Malay lampu; cf. dawan) <br />
laput: 'cloud' <br />
la?al: 'chicken'; 1.ekiw 'heron' <br />
la?eh: 'more (some still left)' <br />
la?ih: 'male'; 1. rayeh 'old man' (cf. babuy,dela?ih) <br />
la?ud 'downriver, toward the sea'; mela?ud (me-la?ud) 'downriver' <br />
la?uh: 'hungry' <br />
lati?: 'swidden, dry rice field; work on a swidden'; 1. baa? 'rice <br />
paddy, wet <br />
rice field' (cf. kereja) <br />
lato: 'oily (from animal fat)' (cf. ebha? rudheng) <br />
lau?: 'warm. hot': 1. dame 'lukewarm' <br />
lawe: 'walk': lawe lawe 'walk about aimlessly'; linawe (I-in-awe) <br />
'walked; a <br />
trip, journey' <br />
laya?: 'soft'; ngelaya? (ng-laya?) 'soften' <br />
layo(CB): 'tame, docile'; ngelayo (ng-layo) 'tame an animal' <br />
layuh: 'wither'; lemayuh (l-em-ayuh) 'to wither (as a plant withering <br />
of its <br />
own accord)'; linayuh (I-in-ayuh) 'preterite passive of <br />
ngelayuh'; ngelayuh <br />
(ng-layuh) 'make something wither, as by pulling it close <br />
to the fire' <br />
1eh: ' term of familiarity used among males' <br />
ledham (CB): 'nauseated, as from eating too much pork fat' <br />
lega: 'bench; floor in jungle hut' <br />
leghu?: 'thunder' <br />
leh: 'about to (do)' (leh me uih I'm going to go /l want to go') <br />
lekak (PM): 'peeling'; ngelekak (n-lekak) 'peel or take off the top layer' <br />
lekat: 'give up some activity voluntarily' <br />
lekedhang (CB): 'morning' (cf. edhag, uka) <br />
leki?: 'high-pitched, as a girl's voice' (cf. dengur) <br />
lekoa: large variety of ginger: Alpinia galanga' (cf. lieh) <br />
leku?: 'bracelet of plant fibers, ivory, etc. worn by females' (cf. <br />
geleng) <br />
leleg: 'residue left after drinking something' <br />
leleng: 'dam made of branch <br />
<br />
<br />
in the river' <br />
lem: 'at, in'; 1. uang 'inside' <br />
lematek: 'jungle leech' <br />
lemek: 'fat of an animal, grease' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemuh: 'fat, obese (people, ailimals)' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemulun (CB): 'person, humap being' (cf. demulun, dulun) <br />
lemuned (JU): 'in the middle' (cf. uned) <br />
lena? (PM): 'recede, of river water' (cf. ngena?) <br />
lened (CB): 'cooking of vegetables'; gelened (g-lened) 'cook vegelables' (c.f <br />
<br />
laak, tanek) : <br />
lengen: 'arm' <br />
lengu: 'slipped off (silirt, snike skin. etc.)': ngelengu (o-legu) <br />
'take off, remove <br />
anything that encircles, as a bracelet, necklace, shirt' <br />
(cf. selengu) <br />
lepag: 'chipped' <br />
lepa? (CB); 'foam. suds' <br />
lepeku?: 'very small pond' (cf. takung) <br />
lepo: 'hut in the jungle where one can stay overnight when <br />
travelling away <br />
from the village; temporary shelter'; 1. pade 'rice <br />
granary' <br />
let: 'from' <br />
leta?: 'a crack; cracked' <br />
liang: 'under'; 1. ruma?' 'area under the longhouse, where <br />
domesticated <br />
animals are kept'; peliang(pe-liang) 'below beneath' <br />
libuh1 (JU): 'a fruit, the guava: Psidium guava' <br />
libuh2(CB): 'round'; ngelibuh (ng-libuh) 'to circle; make something round' <br />
libut (CB): 'circle': ngelibut (ng-libut) 'go around'; pelibut (pe-libut) <br />
(CB): <br />
'encircle, surround game in hunting' <br />
lidik (JU): 'cutting of undergrowth'; lemidik (l-em-idik) 'cut <br />
undergrowth' <br />
lidha?: 'sputum (saliva that has been expectorated)'; ngelidha? <br />
(ng-lidha?) 'to <br />
spit' (cf. aka?, redhen) <br />
lieh: 'small variety of ginger: Zingiber officinale' (cf. lekoa) <br />
<br />
liget (CB): 'turning of the head': lemiget (l-em-iget) 'turn the head'; <br />
liget liget <br />
'turn the head this way and lhal repeatedly'; <br />
ligeten (ligct-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of liget' <br />
liip (CB): 'sound made by contracting the lips and sucking in the <br />
breath <br />
forcefully, as in pain or when tasting something with <br />
an intensely bitter or <br />
sweet quality: smack the lips' <br />
lili: 'covetous (after things)' (cf. manga) <br />
limeh 'five' <br />
lino: 'calm and clear, of water (esp. in a paddy field)' <br />
linuh: 'thought, sentiment: the shuddering feeling experienced <br />
when someone <br />
scratches bamboo with the fingernails': ngelinuh <br />
(ng-linuh) 'to think' <br />
lipa (JU): (see lipeh) <br />
lipang: (?): I. pade: 'rice with empty husk (no grain inside)' <br />
lipeh (CB): 'side, as of the body' <br />
lipen: 'tooth' <br />
lipi: 'thin, of materials' (cf. nipi, rugu?) <br />
li?a: louse egg, nit' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, tumeh) <br />
, <br />
li?ip: 'shoulder blade, scapula' <br />
li?o: 'crystal clear, as water that one can see through to <br />
the bottom'; keli?o <br />
(ke-li?o) 'understand': ngeli?o (i]-keli?o) 'know' <br />
liu? (JU): 'slippery' <br />
lobang: 'hole' (Malay loan): lobang lalid 'aperture of the ear' <br />
(cf. lubang) <br />
luang: 'fish'; 1. pelian 'large fish that is caught with the <br />
use of tubeh. This is <br />
the largest fish in thp Bario area, and the most <br />
important fish eaten by the <br />
Kelabit people' <br />
lubang ruma?: 'individual door or compartment in the longhouse' (probably <br />
= <br />
lobang) <br />
lubid (JU): 'act of rolling over'; ngelubid (ng-lubid) 'roll something <br />
over (as a <br />
log)' (cf. rier) <br />
ludek: 'mud' <br />
lueng: 'dent, depression'; ngelueng (ng-lueng) 'to dent, make a <br />
dent or depression <br />
in something' <br />
luka?: 'fall (while on the ground), slip and fall down' (cf. <br />
petedheng, tutu?) <br />
Iuko?: 'rolled tobacco' (cf. siguk) <br />
lulud: 'shin' <br />
lulun: 'a roll of something': linulun (I-in-ulun) 'was rolled up <br />
by'; ngelulun (ng- <br />
lulun) 'roll up (a mat, tobacco leaf, etc.)' <br />
lumut: 'moss' <br />
lun: 'person, people (in certain expressions only)' <br />
lunek: 'thick, juicy lining inside the seed coat in a jack:fruit' <br />
lunu?: 'gums' <br />
lunging: 'rice mortar' <br />
lungun(CB): 'coffin (term used by older generation)' (cf. benang) <br />
lupa (JU): 'naked' (cf. uang uang) <br />
lupu (I'M): to overflow, boil over (of liquids, in cooking)' (cf. ubhir) <br />
lupuk: 'blister' <br />
lupung: 'a float; lo floal (as a dead leaf)'; lemupung (l-em-upung) <br />
'to float (as a <br />
fish)' (cf. belel) <br />
lu?eh: 'sleepiness'; lu?eh lu?eh 'sleepy'; ngelu?eh (ng-lu?eh) 'be <br />
sleepy' <br />
lutak: 'muddy, dirty (from work or play)' (cf. luyu?) <br />
lutut: 'muddy (of unclear water)' <br />
luud (CB): (?): luud luud 'slide back and forth while sitting' <br />
luun: 'on, upon'; peluun (pe-luun) 'above' <br />
luyu?: 'dirty, untidy' (cf. lutak) <br />
<br />
M<br />
<br />
mabuk (CB): 'drunk' <br />
mado: 'far' (cf. muneng) <br />
madu: 'forehead' <br />
mae? (JLJ): 'to love' (cf. mawa) <br />
majan: 'papaya' (see bua?) <br />
malem: 'several days ago; dark (used in this sense only by older <br />
generation <br />
according to CB)'; ngi malem 'yesterday' (cf. alem; ngilad) <br />
rnameg (JU): 'slap someone on the back accidentally' <br />
manuk: 'bird': m.elung 'jungle fowl' <br />
manga: 'greedy (for food; cf. lili)' <br />
ma?un: 'first (in a contest); old (of things)'; pema?un (pe-ma?un) 'in <br />
front <br />
of, ahead of (cf. dadan, ngered) <br />
marih: 'come' <br />
manin: 'color of the smoke-darkened area around a fireplace' <br />
mata?: 'raw, unripe, uncooked' <br />
mateh: 'eye' <br />
matu?1: 'approach, move toward something as a result of definite, <br />
intentional <br />
action' <br />
matu?2: look after someone (as a child); observe' <br />
mawa (PM): 'surprised' <br />
mawan(CB): 'seen, visible' <br />
mayad (JU): leak out little by little, as rice from a hole in a basket' (cf. <br />
rurug) <br />
maya?: 'direction; follow; in accordance with' <br />
mayung: 'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
me1: 'and, with' <br />
me2: 'go. go to'; mine(m-in-e) 'went. went to' (cf. eme) <br />
mededhen: 'work at something, as a craft (cf. edhen) <br />
medueh: 'you (dual)' (cf. meteluh, muyub) <br />
meghel (CB): 'stay with a small child to make him sleep' <br />
mekaar: 'wind wire or rattan around something' <br />
meker: 'have something stuck in the throat' (cf. kedelan, pekan) <br />
mekud: 'poke someone or something that is above you (fruit, person, <br />
object <br />
lodged in a tree branch) with a stick to make it fall or <br />
come down' <br />
mela1: 'cleared, of an area in the jungle' <br />
mela2: 'to massage' <br />
melepet: 'to corrupt the form of a word' <br />
meliun: 'million' (English loan) <br />
melukung: 'carry a child, basket or anything non-elongated on the <br />
shoulders' <br />
menad: 'climb stairs or a tree' <br />
menaken: 'nephew, niece' (see anak) <br />
menebhur: 'rice porridge' <br />
menegeg: 'mythical monster that lives in rivers and lakes' <br />
menegeg: 'hornbill sp.' (cf. metuy, temengang) <br />
menerang: 'poisonous snake, type of cobra' <br />
menipal: 'generic term for poisonous insects and other creepy-crawly <br />
creatures <br />
(including centipedes, scorpions, spiders)'; m. kera? <br />
'scorpion' <br />
menul: 'push something standing upright' (cf. eduh) <br />
meri (JU): 'dried up. as a stream' <br />
metanur: 'chase (as an animal in the hunt)' <br />
metapu? (JU): 'to marry, be married; to add' <br />
metatad (JU): 'remind .someone to do something' <br />
meteluh: 'you (trial)' (cf. medueh, muyuh) <br />
meti? (CB): 'to kick' <br />
meto: 'pigeon with metallic greenish breast' (cf. kukur) <br />
mututub: hit someone else's face on the foor (as in a fight)' <br />
metuy: 'hrnbill sp. with long tail feathers' (cf. menengang, <br />
temengang) <br />
midang (CB): 'sunlight, daylight'; beruh m. 'daylight hours from about 8 to 10 <br />
<br />
in the morning': me m. 'to go dry something-in the sun' <br />
(cf. edhang1, idang) <br />
midih: (cf. nuk) <br />
midheh: 'first; once, cut through wood with a single stroke' (cf. <br />
edheh, kanid) <br />
migu? (JU): 'ashamed' <br />
mija (CB): 'table' (Malay loan) <br />
milem: 'purple, color of a bruise, "black and blue' "(cf. direm) <br />
milo: 'glaring, of bright sunlight on the surface of water' (cf. <br />
silo) <br />
miluh(CB): 'eat something poisonous so as to become sick and vomit' <br />
mubud (CB): 'pour water into a pot' <br />
mubut (CB): 'step on something (as a nail) that pierces the foot' <br />
mudang (JU): 'stay at home when one would normally go out, as during work- <br />
ing hours' <br />
mudhih: 'behind, last'; pemudhih (pe-mudhih) 'at the back, behind' <br />
mueh: 'pimple' (cf. gatel) <br />
muh: '2sg. agent and possessor: you, your' <br />
mukul (PM): 'disposition'; da?et mukul lazy'; doo? mukul 'diligent' (cf. <br />
eghul, ukul) <br />
mula?: 'much, many' <br />
muli?: 'return home' <br />
muned (CB): 'correct' (= connected with uned 'middle'?) <br />
muneng: 'near' (cf. mado) <br />
muno: 'behavior, sense of how to behave': na?em muno 'foolish (of a <br />
child)' <br />
(cf. serawe) <br />
munung: 'face' <br />
mupun (CB): 'grandchild' <br />
mura? (JU): 'transfer' <br />
murat: to bleed'(cf. dara?) <br />
muru?: 'wash (dishes, hands)' (cf. pupu?) <br />
mutuh: 'to ask, request something (an object, favor, etc.)' <br />
muut: 'turn around and go back' <br />
muyuh: 'you (pl.)'; dimuyuh (idih-muyuh?) 'yours' (cf. medueh, meteluh) <br />
<br />
N<br />
<br />
nakan: 'small jackfruit variety' (see bua?) <br />
namuk: 'sandfly' (cf. tukung) <br />
nanan (CB): 'kind of stinging insect' <br />
nana?: 'pus' <br />
nani: 'sing'; menani (me-nani?) (CB) 'sing' (Malay loan) <br />
nange: 'there (where the receiver is, esp. the receiver of a letter)' (cf. <br />
ngi engi, <br />
ng-ineh) <br />
na?an: 'soon, near future (within the same day or hour)' (cf. riak) <br />
na?eh: 'just now, a moment ago' <br />
na?em: 'no, none, don't have' <br />
na?ul: 'throw away rubbish' <br />
nari (CB): 'to measure' <br />
natad: 'open ground near the longhouse where children like to play <br />
spinning <br />
tops' <br />
nateng: 'dammar, tree resin (burned in torches)' <br />
nauk(CB): 'boiling, starting to bubble' <br />
naun: 'steam: <br />
neh1: 'already' <br />
neh2: '3sg, agent and possessor; him, his, her, hers. It, Its' <br />
nekebher: 'to flap or flutter a few times, as a bird flapping its wings before <br />
flying' (cf. kelab) <br />
nekilo1: 'frighten birds or animals (but not people)' <br />
nekilo2: 'just barely glimpsed, as a fish under the water' <br />
nepipin (JU): 'arrange, put in order' <br />
nesinge?: 'to low, of a carabao' <br />
nipi: 'thin, of materials (less common than lipi, q.v.)' <br />
nituh: 'section of housepost from the betadan upward' <br />
nuba?: 'cooked rice' <br />
nuk: 'thing, substance'; n. kenen 'food'; n. midih 'property' <br />
nukat: 'to dig' <br />
nulis: 'write' (Malay loan; cf. ayud, urit) <br />
nutud (CD): to burn' <br />
nutun (CB): 'to taste, try, challenge' <br />
nutuy (JU): 'in travelling, stay behind someone who is slow to keep him or her <br />
moving' <br />
nabang: 'ambush someone' <br />
ngadan: 'name'; petengadan (pep-te-ngadan) name-calling, calling one <br />
another <br />
names'; tengadan (te-ngadan)'be given a name' <br />
ngadel: 'dull, blunt' <br />
ngae: 'slow' <br />
ngae?1: 'hummingbird' <br />
ngae?2: 'pity. sympathy'; ng. ada? 'pity his soul!; pity him!' <br />
ngai: 'sound of a baby crying (onom.)' <br />
ngale: 'fox' <br />
nganga: 'gape (n)': nganga nganga 'open and close the mouth habitually or <br />
<br />
involuntarily' (cf. tenganga) <br />
ngangeh: 'mouth of bubuh fish trap' <br />
ngapeh: 'where?' (cf. ebheh) <br />
nga?eh: 'horn' (cf.(aduk) <br />
ngaro: 'snatch something from someone' <br />
ngaur (CO): 'remove rice from the pot and wrap it after cooking' <br />
ngayung: 'recite an incantation over a sick: person to assist his <br />
recovery' <br />
ng?: 'sound of a carabao lowing (onom.)' <br />
ngegha, (CB): 'rub the eyes, as when something has gotten inside and is <br />
irritating them' <br />
ngeh: 'ligature linking lower numerals with pulu?, ratu or ribuh' <br />
ngelab (CB): 'apply a poultice' <br />
ngele: 'pick the weak point in the line when fighting the enemy' <br />
ngeletad: 'make a backward stroke with the leg, of fighting cocks' (cf, <br />
teletad) <br />
ngelima: 'rub something between the palms of the hands' <br />
ngen1: 'and, with' <br />
ngen2: 'particle preceding personal names and titles' <br />
ngen3: 'to' <br />
ngena? (JU): 'recede, of the river' (cf. lena?) <br />
ngeraad: 'to hunt with spears and dogs' (cf. badil) <br />
ngeramit: 'scratch hard (as a cat)' (cf. karo) <br />
ngered: 'old (people): almost ripe (fruits)' (cf. dadan, ma?un) <br />
ngeren : 'pregnant, of people (more polite than malih)' <br />
ngerimer (JU): 'to wrinkle something' <br />
ngerurung: 'rinse, wash out the mouth or other object that is not scrubbed out <br />
<br />
with the hand, but rather rinsed out with water' <br />
ngi: 'at; of; about'; ngengi (ngi engi) ''there (not near addressee)'; <br />
ngineh (ngi ineh) <br />
'there, at that place (near addressee)': nginih (ngi inih) <br />
'here, at this place': <br />
ngilai (ngi lai) 'outside' <br />
ngiet: 'tie something so that it hangs down' <br />
ngiil: 'to lick' <br />
gilad: 'several days ago (further in the past than malem)' <br />
ngilan1(PM): 'crop of a bird' <br />
ngilan2: 'pith of a corn kernal' <br />
ngilang (JU): to soothe, as a crying child' <br />
ngilud (CB): 'burn a pig to remove the skin' <br />
ngitel: 'to pinch' <br />
nguam (CB): 'strike someone with a downward blow of the fist' (cf. bukut) <br />
ngudeh: 'why?' <br />
ngukab (CD): 'to open, as a door' <br />
ngukul: 'poke into any kind of hole with a finger, stick, etc.' <br />
ngupat: 'answer, respond to (an accusation, etc.)' <br />
ngusu: 'push something .into' <br />
ngusul : let or cause something to slide lengthwise (as someone sliding a log <br />
<br />
down a hill)' <br />
<br />
<br />
P<br />
<br />
paad: level cut as at the end of a piece of lumber: same': paad paad 'go <br />
together, match, be compatible (as personalities)'; piaaad <br />
(p-in-aad) 'friend' <br />
(cf. kawan) <br />
padang (CB): 'field' <br />
pade: 'riceplant, rice in the field' <br />
padek: 'rice husk (collective term)' (cf. kulit) <br />
padi: 'brush against when passing' <br />
paet(CB): 'chisel' (cf. pa?et) <br />
pajar (CB): 'lean on'; majar (ng-pajar)'to lean something on something else' <br />
pajung: 'flattery'; majung (ng-pajung) 'to flatter' <br />
pakay (CB): 'to use' (Malay loan) <br />
pakel (IV): 'decorative binding of palm fibers worn just under the knee' <br />
pako?: 'a nail' (loan, probably from Malay); mako? (ng-pako?)'to <br />
nail, ham- <br />
mer a nail' <br />
pakub: 'a knock; a striking together (of two objects, people colliding, <br />
etc,)'; <br />
makub (ng-pakub) 'knock, strike together' <br />
palad (CB): 'palm of the hand, sole of the foot' (cf. penalad) <br />
palang: 'a cross' <br />
palid: 'blown away, as papers in the wind'; malid (ng-palid) 'let <br />
something be <br />
blown away by the wind' (malid pade 'winnow rice by <br />
tossing the grains in <br />
the air on a winnowing basket so that the wind will carry <br />
off the husk') <br />
pali? (JU): 'heal' (cf. kibet) <br />
paluh: 'flour made from the pith of a thorny palm, acquired in trade <br />
from the <br />
Penan' <br />
pana1: 'slingshot' <br />
pana2 (PM): 'sweat' <br />
pana?: 'act of spinning, as a top'; mana? (ng-pana?) 'spin a top at <br />
someone <br />
else's top to hit it and knock it out; hit and sting, of <br />
bees in a swarm striking <br />
one by one'; pinana? (p-in-ana?) 'preterite passive of <br />
mana?' s <br />
panid (JU): 'enough; everyone' (cf. sukup) <br />
pango: 'bald' (cf. butal) <br />
pa?eh: 'thigh' <br />
pa?en1: 'areca palm and nut' <br />
pa?en2: 'carrying stick'; ma?en (ng-pa?en) 'carry something long on the <br />
shoulders <br />
pa?et: 'chisel (cf. paet) <br />
pa?id: 'duster, mop, anything used to wipe; accidental wiping':; <br />
ma?id <br />
(ng-pa?id) 'wipe'; pina?id (p-in-a?id) 'was wiped by' <br />
pa?it: 'bitter' <br />
pa?uh: 'fern that grows by the riverbank' <br />
paran (CB): 'traditional upper class in native social system' (cf. demulun) <br />
para?: latex' <br />
parir: 'poison (any poison, including that for blowpipe darts)'; <br />
marir (ng-parir) <br />
'poisonous' (cf. rasun) <br />
pasiw: 'sold'; masiw (ng-pasiw) 'to sell', pepasiw (pep-pasiw) 'to <br />
trade, sell to <br />
one another'; pinasiw (p-in-asiw) 'was sold by' <br />
patar: 'alluvial plain' <br />
pate (CB): 'death of someone'; perepate (pere-pate) 'commit suicide ' (cf. <br />
ate2) <br />
patot(IV): 'to mate (used for animals; vulgar if used for humans)' (cf. <br />
kenu?, <br />
sait) <br />
patuk: 'sharpened and of arrow; arrowhead (of tin)' <br />
patun: 'a dam' <br />
pau: 'broken through (as a dam), penetrated'; mau (ng-pau) 'push a <br />
sharp point <br />
through' <br />
pawat: large fruit bat, flying fox' (cf. kekelit) <br />
payeh: 'watery, swamp-like area in the jungle' <br />
payo: 'deer'; p. runga? 'kind of deer with horns' (cf. tela?o) <br />
payung(CB): 'umbrella' (Malay loan; cf. ra?ung) <br />
pe-: 'locative particle' (see dingi, liang, luun, ma?un, mudhih) <br />
pebhed1(CB): 'end, extremity' (cf. peped) <br />
pebhed2(JU); 'way of tying' kepebhed (ke-pebhed) 'act of tying' (cf. bebhed) <br />
pedala?(JLJ): 'casting net'; medala? (ng-pedala?) 'to fish with casting net' <br />
(Malay loan) <br />
pededhan (CB): 'put something on top of something else, as the right foot on <br />
the left knee when silting with legs crossed' <br />
pedekan (PM): 'to choke' <br />
pedeket: 'hem, stitch, line of sewing on clothes'; medeket <br />
(ng-pedeket) 'to <br />
sew'; pindeket (p-in-e-deket) 'was sewed by' <br />
pedhi?: 'salty' <br />
peduh: 'gall, gall bladder'; na?em pedhuh 'idiotic, inconsiderate' <br />
pegamung: 'twisted or tangled, as thread or hairs'; megamung (ng-pegamung) <br />
'twist or tangle up something, as thread or hairs'; <br />
pinggamung (p-in-egarnung) <br />
'was twisted or tangled by' (cf. garnung, with which this <br />
form probably is <br />
related) <br />
peh1: 'so far, til now' <br />
peh2: 'so that, in order to' <br />
pejadi? (CB): 'to promise' (Malay loan) <br />
pekaa? (JU): 'changing, as a name'; mekaa? (ng-pekaa?) 'change' <br />
pekak: 'cackling'; nepekak (ne-pekak) 'to cackle, of a hen about to <br />
lay an egg <br />
or a chicken that is disturbed' <br />
* <br />
pekakang : 'be spread apart, stretched (of forceps that have been forced <br />
apart)'; <br />
mekakang (ng-pekakang) 'to spread or force apart, of <br />
forceps' <br />
pekatu: 'always, continually' (see katu) <br />
pekekeng: 'feel stiff or numb after sitting in one position for a long <br />
time' <br />
pekeneh(JU): 'believe' <br />
pekubul: 'cockfight' <br />
pekupat: 'turned contrary to the way it should be, as a person lying <br />
with his <br />
head at the foot of the bed': mekupat (ng-pekupat) <br />
'turn in a contrary <br />
manner': pekupat (pep-kupat) 'turn each other in <br />
a contrary manner': <br />
pingkupat (p-in-ekupat) 'was turned in a contrary <br />
manner by' <br />
pekutang: lying across or athwart, as a tree that has fallen across a <br />
path': <br />
ng-pekutang 'to stretch (a cable, etc.) across <br />
something' <br />
pelaba: 'very, extremely' (cf. laba) <br />
pelian: (see luang) j <br />
peliw (JU): 'slip from dne's grasp, as something that is too heavy to <br />
hold' (cf. <br />
beliw) <br />
pelubed: 'bent opposite to its usual position, as when the wind bends <br />
the <br />
leaves of a riceplant back, or when one's wrist is bent <br />
back; go to and fro in <br />
one day' <br />
peman (CB): 'feed'; meman (ng-peman) 'to feed (as a mother feeding her <br />
child)': pepeman (pep-peman) 'feed one another'; piman <br />
(p-e-i-man) 'was <br />
fed by' I <br />
penagan (CB): 'chopping board for meal' <br />
penalad: 'palm. sole', penalad kukud 'sole of the foot': penalad <br />
tidhu? 'palm <br />
of the hand' (cf. palad) <br />
penan: 'to feed'; berek penan 'domesticated pig (= pig to be fed)' <br />
<br />
peno (CB): 'theft; way of stealing'; meno (ng-peno) 'to steal'; pino <br />
(p-e-i-no) <br />
'was stolen by' <br />
penu?: 'full (as a basket or bag)'; menu? (ng-penu?) 'to fill': <br />
pinu?(p-i- <br />
nu?) 'preterite passive of menu?' <br />
pengeh: 'finishing': mengeh (ng-pengeh) 'to finish something'; <br />
pingeh (pe-i-ngeh) <br />
'preterite passive of mengeh' (cf. abi) <br />
penginud (JU): 'speech, parable, story with a moral' <br />
pengi?: 'clitoris'(cf.atet) <br />
peng?ulo?: 'goverment-appointed leader' (Malay loan) <br />
pepag (CB): 'a slap'; kepepag (ke-pepag) 'slapping (as a habitual <br />
aclion)'; <br />
mepag (g-pepag) 'lo slap', pemepag (peng-pepag) <br />
'thing used for slapping'; <br />
pepegag (pep-pepag) 'slap one another'; pipag <br />
(p-e-i-pag) 'was slapped by' <br />
pepang (CB): 'path made by hacking vegetation as one moves through the <br />
jungle'; mepang (ng-pepag) 'make a path by hacking <br />
vegetation as one <br />
moves through the jungle' <br />
peped: 'end (of a thing or action)' (of. pebhed) <br />
pepen: 'a cover, hidden'; mepen (ng-pepen) to cover (of food, <br />
etc.. but not of <br />
a hole); to hide,': pipen (p-e-i-pen) 'was covered <br />
by, was hidden by' <br />
pepepak: 'game in which people try to run through a rectangular area <br />
that is <br />
marked off into squares, each of which is guarded by <br />
someone' (connected <br />
with epak?) <br />
perada?: 'to jog. trot' (cf. upun) <br />
pera?it1: 'raft'; mera?it (ng-pera?it) 'make a raft' (cf. ra?it) <br />
pera?it2: 'strong thunder, thunderclap' <br />
peraruh (PM): 'mistaken', (cf. raruh) <br />
peredhep: 'close the eyes' (cf. nekedhep) <br />
peregai? (JU): 'talk at the same time (of two or more persons)' <br />
perek: 'oppressive, as a stuffy or overcrowded room; squeezing'; <br />
merek (ng- <br />
perek) 'to squeeze'; pirek (p-e-i-rek) 'was squeezed <br />
by' <br />
peretak: 'beans': p. jawa 'French beans'; p. kadang 'long beans'; <br />
p.dari small <br />
green beans' <br />
pering : 'dry, of material; thirsty'; mering (ng-pering) 'to dry <br />
something' (cf. <br />
rikan, tekeru? ) <br />
pesih: (?); pesih pesih 'pretend not to notice, ignore' <br />
peta: 'strings of beads worn around the head; skullcap of <br />
straw or animal skin <br />
with or without beadwork, worn only by women' <br />
petad (JU): 'separation)': metad (ng-petad) 'to separate': pitad <br />
(pe-i-tad) 'was <br />
separated by' <br />
petedheng(CB): 'trip and fall' (cf. luka?, tutu?) <br />
petuk: 'bump one's head when standing up in a room with a low <br />
ceiling; reach <br />
a desired level when lifting something' <br />
pian: 'want, desire'; pinian (p-in-ian) 'a want, a desire' <br />
pia.?: 'a sneeze'; nepia? (ne-pia?) 'to sneeze' <br />
pika?(JU): 'to limp' <br />
piket (JU): 'catch up with someone' (cf. tiket) <br />
pilang: 'striped, banded'; <br />
pili?(CB): 'choice'; mill? (ng-pili?) 'choose'; penili? (p-in-ili?) <br />
'was chosen <br />
by' <br />
pino: 'needle' <br />
pingit: 'cheek' <br />
pingur: 'echo'; tepingur (te-pingur) 'echoing back and forth, <br />
full of echoes'; <br />
petepingur (pep-te-p}r)ur ) 'make echoes at each <br />
other by calling out': <br />
(marginal form); simpingur (t-in-e-pir)ur) 'was <br />
used to make echoes, of a <br />
thing' (marginal form) <br />
pipeh: 'having two sides, as right and left, inside and <br />
outside, etc.' <br />
pipih: 'interior wall in the longhouse' <br />
pirek: 'silver' (probably a Malay loan) <br />
pirit: 'small bird with long beak, rice bird' <br />
pisang: 'knicked (of the lip of a jar), torn (of an earlobe in <br />
which a decorative <br />
plug has been inserted and then torn loose)' <br />
puar(CB): (see denganeh) <br />
pudik (CB): 'way or manner of swimming using full arm strokes'; mudik <br />
(ng-pudik) 'swim using full arm strokes' <br />
pudut: 'shape, form, appearance'; mudut (ng-pudut) 'shape <br />
something': pi- <br />
nudut (p-in-udut) 'was shaped by'; doo? pudut <br />
'beautiful' (cf. ribed) <br />
pued: 'navel' <br />
puer: 'incision, as in an operation'; muer (ng-puer) <br />
'operate, perform surgery' <br />
puet: 'buttocks; bottom, foundation'; lobng.puet 'anus' (cf. <br />
tebhing) <br />
pulang (JU): 'ringworm' (cf, kuri) <br />
puluh: 'bamboo shoot' <br />
pulung: 'forest'; lem pului) 'in the forest' (cf. ulur)) <br />
pulu?: 'ten' <br />
pulut: 'glue, anything sticky; bird lime (obtained from the <br />
fruit of a tree)'; <br />
mulut (ng-pulut) 'to glue something, stick <br />
something on something else', <br />
pinulut (p-in-ulut) 'was glued to' <br />
puneng: 'headwaters of a river' <br />
pupud: 'tracking of an animal'; mupud (ng-pupud) 'to track an <br />
animal'; <br />
pinupud (p-in-upud) 'was tracked by'; pupud pupud <br />
'change one's mind on <br />
second thought' <br />
pupun (CB): 'covering of something, as with a cloth or by heaping soil <br />
on it'; <br />
mupun (ng-pupun) 'cover something' <br />
pupu?: 'thing used to hit; hitting, washing of clothes'; <br />
kepupu? (ke-pupu?) <br />
'washing (as a habitual activity)'; mupu? <br />
(ng-pupu?)'to hit, wash clothes'; <br />
pemupu? (peng-pupu?) 'thing used to hit'; pepu?en <br />
(pupu?-en) 'things to <br />
be washed: aorist passive of mupu?' (cf. bupu?, <br />
muru?) <br />
pu?ar (CD): 'leaning back'; mu?ar (ng-pu?ar) 'lean back' <br />
pu?un: 'origin, beginning (used when introducing a <br />
conversational subject); <br />
first'; p. kayuh 'base of a tree (part which enters <br />
the ground)' <br />
puteng : 'fall short'; muteng (ng-puteng) 'make something fall <br />
short'; p. linuh <br />
'impatient'; p.nial quick-tempered' <br />
putuh: 'asking'; mutuh (ng-putuh) 'to ask'; pinutuh <br />
(p-in-utuh) 'was asked by' <br />
putul: 'broken, of something hard'; mutul (ng-putul) 'to <br />
break'; pinutul <br />
(p-in-utul) 'was broken by' (cf. putut) <br />
putut: 'broken, of something long and soft, as string'; mutut <br />
(ng-putut) 'break'; <br />
pinutut (p-in-utut) 'was broken by'; p. niat <br />
'taking one's last breath' (cf. <br />
putul) <br />
puun (CB): 'hill' (cf. apad, buduk) <br />
puung: 'animal' <br />
<br />
<br />
R<br />
raka?: 'dead twig' (cf. da?ar) <br />
ramay(CB): lively, enjoying oneselF (Malay loan) <br />
ramut: 'fibrous roots, as of grass, rice or coconut trees' (cf. labing, <br />
uat) <br />
ranih: 'harvest'; peranih (pe-ranih) 'the small bamboo or iron knife <br />
used to <br />
remove the rice head in harvesting; the harvest'; rinanih <br />
(r-in-anih) 'was <br />
harvested by' <br />
ra?an: 'gradual slope, side of a mountain' (cf. alid, beribhi) <br />
ra?en: light (in weight )' <br />
ra?it: 'raft'; ngera?it (ng-ra?it) 'travel by raft (cf. pera?it) <br />
ra?o: 'cork; palm wood used to make blowpipe darts' <br />
ra?ung (CB): large round sun hat: umbrella' <br />
rara(CB): 'rafters' <br />
raruh (JU): losing of something'; neraruh (ne-raruh) loit'; ngeraruh <br />
(ng-raruh) <br />
'lose something' (cf . peraruh) <br />
raseb: loud banging noise, as that made when children run on planks of <br />
longhouse' <br />
rasun: 'poison' (Malay loan; cf. parir) <br />
ratu: 'milk (human and animal)' <br />
ratan: leaking (as a roof or bucket)' <br />
ratu: 'hundred' <br />
raut: 'to play' <br />
rawir: 'long, as a story, road, piece of string' <br />
rayeh: 'big, great, physically large (people or things); old (people)' <br />
rebun: 'smoke' <br />
redhan: 'passed out, fainted' (cf. kenaman) <br />
redhang: 'the structure formed by parasitic plants on a tree; a structure <br />
built <br />
around a fruiting tree to protect it from marauders'; <br />
ngeredhang (ng-redhang) <br />
'put branches around the trunk of one's fruit trees when <br />
they are bearing, or <br />
pile up rubbish in the fork of a branch so that others will <br />
not climb the trees <br />
to take the fruit' (cf. deredhang) <br />
redheng: 'spit'; ngeredheng (ng-redheng) 'to spit' (cf. edheng2, lidha?) <br />
redhep: 'closing of the eyes'; ngeredhep (ng-redhep) 'close the eyes' (cf. <br />
<br />
peredhep) <br />
rekeb: 'cave in, collapse' <br />
reken: 'coiled rattan base on which hot cooking pots are placed' <br />
renaran: 'storage places for split firewood above the fireplace' <br />
renareng: 'beam on which the beladan is laid in the construction of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
repured: 'spot on the head out of which the hair grows spirally' <br />
rera?: 'ant'; r. ane 'termite' <br />
rerek: 'incision made in the throat of a pig or chicken in <br />
slaughtering'; ngererek <br />
(ng-rerek) 'to slaughter pigs or chickens by slitting the <br />
throat'; rirek <br />
(r-e-i-rek) 'was slaughtered by' <br />
rereng1: 'charcoal (general term)' (cf. adeng) <br />
refereng2 (PM): 'putting down'; ngerereng) (ng-rereng) 'put something down' <br />
riak: 'future (beginning the following day)' (cf. na?an) <br />
ribed: 'pretty, beautiful, of people or things' (cf. pudut) <br />
ribun: 'thousand' <br />
riek: 'a cough' <br />
rier: 'to turn, roll'; berier (be-rier) 'to roll as a result of <br />
human agency, as a <br />
log being rolled by someone'; binrier (b-in-e-rier) 'was <br />
rolled by'; ngerier <br />
(ng-rier) 'to turn or roll something'; remier (r-em-ier) <br />
'to roll without the <br />
intervention of a human agent, as a log rolling of its own <br />
accord; turn the <br />
body': rinier (r-in-ier) 'was turned or rolled by' (cf. <br />
lubid) <br />
rikan: 'dry, of the weather' (cf. pering, tekeru?) <br />
rimod: 'smile'; nerimod (ne-rimod) 'to smile'; rimod rimod 'always <br />
smiling <br />
rina?e: 'health, condition' <br />
rinuh: 'winnowing basket <br />
rigit: 'money' (Malay loan) <br />
ri?er: 'neck' <br />
riruh: 'to laugh'; ngeriruh (ng-riruh) 'make someone laugh'; <br />
periruh (pep-riruh) <br />
laugh at one another; make one another laugh'; riniruh <br />
(r-in-inib) 'preterite <br />
passive of ngeriruh' <br />
rua? (see ate1) <br />
rudang: 'dead leaf (cf. da?un) <br />
rudap: 'sleep'; ngerudap (ng-rudap)' put someone (as a child) to <br />
sleep': rinudap <br />
(r-in-udap) 'was put to sleep by': me rudap 'stay <br />
overnight in the jungle, as <br />
when out hunting' (cf. lu?eh) ' <br />
rudheng: 'phlegm (after it has been expectorated): slimy, oily' <br />
rugi? (CB): loss, as in business'; ngerugi? (ng-rugi?) 'outwit someone in <br />
business, profit at someone else's expense' (Malay loan) <br />
rugu?: 'thin (people, animals)' <br />
ruked: (?): ruked ruked 'forever' <br />
ruma?: longhouse' (rumah kadang is now used to distinguish the <br />
longhouse <br />
from a single-family house) <br />
runga?: (see payo) <br />
runguh: 'head of rice plant' (cf. genuluh) <br />
ru?eb: 'waterfall' <br />
rurug (JU): 'come out all at once, as when pouring something that you want <br />
to <br />
come out slowly'; ngerurug (ng-rurug) 'pour out something <br />
(as fruit from a <br />
basket)'; remurug (r-em-urug) 'to drop, of leaves <br />
or fruit'; renurug <br />
(r-en-urug) 'preterite passive of ngerurug' (cf. mayad) <br />
rurut (JU): 'descent'; remurut (r-em-urut) 'come down, descend' <br />
ruuk: 'chest' <br />
ruyung: 'share a residence with'; lun ruyung (JU) 'relatives' <br />
<br />
<br />
S<br />
sabun: 'soap' (Malay loan) <br />
saget(CB): 'quick, quickly' <br />
sait: 'a lover, paramour''; pesait (pep-sait) 'to have sexual <br />
intercourse (refined <br />
expression)' (cf. kenu?, patot) <br />
sakol: 'hoe': nakol (ng-sakol) 'to hoe': sinakol (s-in-akol) 'was <br />
hoed by' <br />
(Malay loan; cf. sakul) <br />
sakul (CD): (Malay loan; cf. sakol) <br />
sala? (CD): 'wrong' <br />
sangen: 'menses, menstruation' <br />
sapa?: 'shirt; s. talun 'buckskin shirt traditionally worn by both <br />
sexes' (cf. <br />
kuyu?) <br />
sapeh: 'which, which one?' <br />
saweng: 'inability to see in the dark, night blindness <br />
sedero: 'watering, tearing (of the eyes) <br />
segerang (CB): 'ribs' <br />
segeri: 'weak and thin because of sickness <br />
segumen: 'eaves of the longhouse roof <br />
sekenan: 'remember' <br />
selanguy: 'snake (generic)' <br />
selapang: 'shotgun' (Malay loan) <br />
selengu: 'to shed, of a snake shedding its old skin' (cf. lengu) <br />
selengut: 'bamboo nose flute' <br />
seli: 'lower part of the leg to the outside of the shin bone <br />
(considered es- <br />
pecially vulnerable to attack in a fight) <br />
seluar (CB): 'trousers ' (Malay loan) <br />
selubid: lie down' <br />
selud: 'to slide (as children sliding down a hillside)' <br />
semera?: 'lead(metal)' <br />
senape (CB): 'kind of rice cake made by boiling rice wrapped in leaves' <br />
sena?ih: 'intestines' (cf. sina?ih) <br />
senien (JU): 'catfish' <br />
senula? (CB): (see sinula?) <br />
senu?eh: 'right side' pesenu?eh (pe-senu?eh) 'on the right side' <br />
sepa?(CB): 'betel quid' <br />
serawe(JU): 'behavior'; raruh serawe 'mad, crazy, insane' (cf. muno) <br />
seremu?uh: 'appearance'; da?et seremu?uh 'bad appearance, untidy' <br />
seruga: Heaven (Malay loan) <br />
sia?: 'red' ; s. bareh 'very red, glowing red' <br />
siguk: 'tobacco' (cf. luko?) <br />
silen: 'string used to hold up swimming trunks, etc.' <br />
silo: 'shiny, of the surface of a lake, table, etc.' (cf. milo) <br />
simun: 'cucumber'; simun ala? 'watermelon' <br />
sinan (CB): 'female (animals)' (see berek, cf. dedhur) <br />
sina?: 'mother, MZ, FZ (address/vocative)' (cf. sineh, tesineh) <br />
sina?ih: 'intestines, guts'; na?em sina?ih 'cowardly' (cf. sena?ih) <br />
sineh1 (CB): 'demonstrative particle' <br />
sineh2: 'title for married women; Mrs.' (see sina?, tesineh) <br />
sinula?: 'bereaved'; dedhur s. 'widow', dela?i s. 'widower' <br />
sinung: 'happy: successful, as a wealthy man or a student in school' <br />
(JU): s. tu- <br />
nang 'very happy', kesinungan (ke-sinung-an) 'happiness' <br />
(Malay loan?: cf. <br />
tunang) <br />
singel: 'constriction, narrowing' <br />
sipen: 'rice that is already on the iung and in the process of being <br />
pounded' <br />
si?er: 'eyesight'; ni?er (ng-si?er)'.see,look at'; pe-si?er <br />
(pep-si?er) 'look at one <br />
another'; sini?er (s-in-i?er) 'was seen, looked at <br />
by'; siren (si?er-en) <br />
'aorisi passive of ni?er' <br />
si?it: 'few'; s. ketuh atuk 'very few' (cf. i?it, kedi?it) <br />
siri: 'straight, upright (indefinitely long)'; niri <br />
(ng-siri)'straighten' (cf. tuped) <br />
sirut: 'tapering' <br />
sising: 'ring for the finger' (loan, probably from Malay: cf. <br />
tising) <br />
suk(CB): 'relative propoun: which, who' <br />
sukup (CB): 'enough' (Malay loan; cf. panid ) <br />
sunga?ing (JU): 'incubus-ike spirit believed to visit people at night and to <br />
sap their <br />
strength' <br />
surat: letter' (Malay loan) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
T<br />
taang(CB): 'way of mannert of adzing'; naang (ng-taang) 'work wood with an <br />
adze'; <br />
sinaang (t-in-aang) 'pteterite passive of naang' <br />
taban: 'running away with someone or something, kidnapping, elopement': <br />
naban (ng-taban) 'run away with, kidnap, elope with'; <br />
petaban (pep-taban) <br />
'elope'; tebanen (taban-en) 'aorist passive of naban' <br />
tabang (CD): long bamboo section used to carry water' <br />
tabat: 'medicine'; nabat (ng-tabat) 'to treat with medicine, apply <br />
medicine to'; <br />
sinabat (t-in-abat) 'was treated with medicine by' <br />
tabi?: 'greet, shake hands' <br />
tabuh: 'container made from a dried gourd' (see bua?) <br />
tabun: 'heap, pile: covered by something that is heaped up; heap of <br />
dead grass <br />
used by snakes as a nest'; nabun (ng-tabun) 'to heap, pile <br />
up'; sinabun <br />
(t-in-abun) 'was helped or piled up by' <br />
tadem: 'sharp, of a blade'; nadem (ng-tadem) 'sharpen' (cf. asa, i?ir) <br />
taduk: 'rhinoceros horn (used for medicinal purposes)' (cf. nga?eh) <br />
tadur: 'small bridge, as a single log bridge'; nadur (ng-tadur) 'make <br />
a bridge: <br />
cross a bridge'; tadur idhung) 'bridge of the nose' (cf. <br />
ebheng) <br />
tae?: 'feces'; nae?(ng-tae?) 'defecate' (considered substandard <br />
byGT) (cf. <br />
bube?, ta?ih) <br />
ta?it(PM): 'wait'; peta?it(pep-ta?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. a?it) <br />
taka: 'lake' <br />
taked: 'popliteal space, area behind the knee' <br />
takub: 'a patch, pocket'; nakub(ng-takub) 'to patch as torn clothing' <br />
takung: 'pond' (cf. lepeku?) <br />
talun: 'buckskin, treated deerskin used for clothing' <br />
taman (CB): leader of a pack of animals' <br />
tama?: 'father. FB, MB (address/vocative)' (cf. tetameh) <br />
tana?: 'earth; soil; world': t.pulut, t.sia? 'clay' <br />
tanek: 'boiling of water, cooking': nanek (ng-tanek) 'to boil <br />
water, cook <br />
vegetables (GT), boil meat (CB)' (cf. laak, lened) <br />
tanern: 'grave: sunken, as a stick in the ground': nanem (ng-tanern) <br />
'bury': <br />
sinanem (t-in-anem) 'was buried by' <br />
tanep: 'sink, set, disappear from view' (?); t. edho 'direction of <br />
the setting sun' <br />
tange: 'a cry'; nange (ng-tange) 'to cry'; petange (pep-tange) 'make <br />
one another cry': <br />
tange tange 'crying' <br />
tapih1: 'honeycomb' <br />
tapih2: 'protective lining placed in a container (as a leaf in a <br />
cooking pot)' <br />
tapi?: 'cow' (Malay loan) <br />
tapung: 'man's traditional feather headdress' <br />
ta?eng: 'mouth (people and animals)' <br />
ta?ih1: 'feces' (see tae?); ta?ih lalid 'earwax' (see ading) <br />
ta?ih2: 'intimate term of address by a man or woman to a boy, <br />
meaning <br />
something like "my son'" (cf. emu?) <br />
ta?ut: 'fear'; meta?ut (ng-pe-ta?ut) 'frighten, make afraid'; <br />
peta?ut (pe-ta?ut) <br />
'frighten, make afraid'; pinta?ut (p-in-e-ta?ut) 'was <br />
frightened by'; tema- <br />
?ut (t-em-a?ut) 'seem afraid' <br />
tara: 'storage place for husked rice, salt, etc. above the <br />
fireplace' <br />
taru?: 'making, doing; putting, placing'; naru? (ng-taru?) <br />
'make, do; put. <br />
place'; senaru? (t-in-aru?) 'was done by, was put or <br />
placed by'(cf. tu?en) <br />
tasa?: 'damaged; dismantled'; nasa?(ng-tasa?) 'to damage; to <br />
dismantle' <br />
tauh: 'we (pl. incl.)'; ditauh (idih tauh?) 'ours' (cf. kamih, <br />
kediweb, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, teluh) <br />
tebangan(JU): 'scale for weighing things' (Malay loan) <br />
tebel: 'head or the penis, glans penis' <br />
tebiring (JU): 'veering at an angle (of a bird or plane turning flight)'; <br />
nebiring <br />
(ng-tebirig) 'to veer' <br />
tebha?: 'thorn' <br />
tebhar: 'salary, wages'; nebhar (ng-tebhar) 'to pay'; sibhar <br />
(t-e-i-bhar) 'was paid <br />
by'; tebaren (tebhar-en) 'aorist passive of nebhar' <br />
tebhek: 'mark left by piercing; pierced (as by needle, knife)'; nebhek <br />
(ng-teqbhek) <br />
'pierce, stab'; pe-tebhek (pep-teb*ek) 'stab one <br />
another'; sibhek (t-e-i-bhek) <br />
'was pierced by, was stabbed by'; t. apo 'traditional <br />
competition in which <br />
young men held a dart and jumped up to see who could <br />
leave the highest <br />
mark on the slanting roof of the longhouse' <br />
tebheng: 'the felling of a large tree'; nebheng (ng-tebeng) 'to fell a <br />
large tree, as <br />
in clearing a swidden'; tebengen (tebheng-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nebheng)' <br />
tebhing: 'buttocks' (cf. puer) <br />
tebhuh: 'sugarcane' <br />
tebhung: 'small cloth bag used to hold tobacco' <br />
tebhu?: 'clearing in the forest'; nebhu? (ng-tebhu?) 'cut down <br />
forest'; tebu?en <br />
(tebhu?-en) 'aorist passive of nebhu?' <br />
tedhak: (see bua?) <br />
tedhan: 'act of leaving something behind'; ketedhan (ke-tedhan) left <br />
behind <br />
(accidentally); nedhan (ng-tedhan) leave behind; sidhan <br />
(t-e-i-dhan) was <br />
left behind by' (cf. keted, where ketedhan could be <br />
interpreted as /keted-en/) <br />
tedheh: leaving behind': nedheh (ng-tedheh) 'leave behind'; tidheh <br />
(te-i-dheh) <br />
'was left behind by' <br />
teguk: 'external throat' (cf. telenan) <br />
teh: 'tea' (English loan; cf. eti) <br />
tegeker(JU): 'shivering' (cf. egheng) <br />
teghang(CB): 'rainbow' <br />
teh: 'sentence particle probably conveying emphasis' <br />
tekap: 'search (n.)'; nekap (ng-tekap) 'to search, look for'; <br />
pe-tekap (pep-tekap) <br />
'search for one another'; sikap (t-e-i-kap) 'preterite <br />
passive of nekap' <br />
teka?ok(CB): 'rooster' <br />
tekeku?: 'to squat'; nekeku? (ng-tekeku?) 'force someone to squat' <br />
teken (CB): 'boat pole, punting pole'; neken (ng-teken) 'to pole a boat'; <br />
sineken <br />
(t-in-eken) 'was poled by' <br />
tekering (CB): 'dry' (cf. pering, rikan, tekeru?) <br />
tekeru?: 'dry, of pond or river that has dried up, of moist food gone <br />
dry, etc. ' (cf. <br />
pering, rikan, tekering) <br />
tekila?: 'chips produced from working wood with an adze' <br />
tekip (JU): 'sarong worn by girls' <br />
tekub: 'a knock from underneath (as on the floor of the longhouse <br />
by someone <br />
under the house with a stick); nekub (n-tekub) 'to <br />
knock from underneath', <br />
sikub (t-e-i-kub) 'an uppercut (in fighting)' <br />
tekul: 'spoon'; nekul (ng-tekul) 'to spoon out something' <br />
telang1: (see bulu?) <br />
telang2: 'flavorless, without salt, flat lasting' <br />
tela?: 'act of hurling, throwing'; nela? (ng-tela?) 'hurl, throw (a <br />
javelin)'; sila? <br />
(t-e-i-la?) 'was hurled or thrown by'; tela?-en 'aorist <br />
passiveof nela?' <br />
tela?o: 'the barking deer: Cervulus muntjac' (ct. payo) <br />
teleka?: 'small frog' (cf. beraok, esit) <br />
telen: 'swallow'; neleng (ng-telen) 'to swallow'; silen (t-e-i-len) 'was <br />
swallow- <br />
ed by'; telenan (telen-an) 'internal throat'; telenen <br />
(telen-en) 'aorist passive <br />
of nelen' <br />
teletad: 'spur of a fighting cock (the natural spur, not a metal one)' (cf. <br />
<br />
ngeletad) <br />
teliad (JU): 'to slip' <br />
teluh: 'three; we (trial incl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh) <br />
telu?a?(CB): 'a bird. the crow' <br />
temalem: (see alem, malem) <br />
temapad: lie with the body next to the fire instead of lying with the <br />
feet <br />
toward the fire' <br />
temar: 'stemless plant with tough leaves used as basket straps' <br />
tema?ud: 'back of the foot behind and above the ball of the heel'; urat <br />
tema?ud <br />
'Achille's tendon' <br />
temedhur: 'rhinoceros' <br />
temeh: 'fall short and slip, as when leaping across a ditch, or when <br />
climbing <br />
stairs to slip and fall back to the previous step' <br />
temengang(JU): 'hornbill' (cf. menengang, metuy) <br />
teneb: 'cool, cold'; neneb (ng-teneb) 'make something cool or <br />
cold' <br />
tenuran1: 'testicle' (cf. ilung terur) <br />
tenuran2: 'nest'; t. la?al ' chicken's nest' (cf. arar) <br />
tenganuh: 'weaving': nenganuh (ng-tenganuh) 'to weave'; singanuh <br />
(t-in-enganuh) <br />
'was woven by' <br />
tenganga?(JU): 'open the mouth' <br />
tenga? (JU): 'window' <br />
tengeb(JU): 'riverbank' <br />
tepi (CB): 'smooth, as a surface' (cf, lana) <br />
tepu?: 'grandparent (address/vocative for any member of <br />
grandparental <br />
generation)' (cf. epun, tetepuh) <br />
teraka?: 'thin, emaciated' (said by GT to derive from raka? 'dead <br />
twig', <br />
though this may be a folk etymology) <br />
terem: 'sink': nerem (ng-terem) 'force someone under water'; <br />
temeren <br />
(i-em-erem) 'dive under water' <br />
terep (JU): 'tree that is similar to the breadfruit, with latex-like sap' <br />
terur: 'egg; testicle'; t. la?al 'chicken egg'; t. manuk <br />
'birdegg' <br />
terutung: 'porcupine' <br />
tesineh: 'mother (reference)'; t. menaken 'MS, FS' (cf. sina?, sineh) <br />
tetad: 'marks made by an adze'; netad (ng-tetad) 'cut with a <br />
striking motion <br />
toward the body, as when standing with legs apart and <br />
swinging the bikung <br />
from in front of the body to between the legs' <br />
tetameh: 'father (reference)'; t. menaken 'MB, FB' (cf. tama?) <br />
tetel1: 'clay hearth in the longhouse' <br />
tetel2 (CB): 'packing something in tightly'; netel (ng-tetel) 'pack <br />
something in <br />
tightly' <br />
tetepuh: 'grandparent (term of reference)'; t. dela?ih 'grandfather', <br />
t. dedhur <br />
'grandmother' (cf. epun, tepu?) <br />
tidha?: 'footprint': nidha? (ng-tidha?) 'step on'; teda?en <br />
(tidha?-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nidha?'; sinidha? (t-in-idha?) 'was stepped <br />
on' <br />
tidhuk: 'bill, beak of a bird; act of pecking, poking lightly'; <br />
nidhuk (ng-tidhuk) <br />
'to peck, of a bird, poke lightly with the finger' <br />
tidhul: 'pointer, indicator'; nidhul (ng-tidhul) 'to point at <br />
something' <br />
tidhu?: 'hand' <br />
tikan: 'honeybee' (see bua?) <br />
tikel:(?); nikel (ng-tikel) 'just manage to get by, barely survive; to <br />
handle, take <br />
care of (a problem); able to take something (as food <br />
after one has been <br />
sick)'; tikel-tikel 'constantly struggle for a living <br />
(as a poor man who barely <br />
gets by)'; sikelen (tikel-en) 'aorist passive of nikel' <br />
<br />
tiket (CB): 'overtake someone, as in walking along a path' (cf. piket) <br />
tilem (CB): 'mattress' (Malay loan) <br />
tising(CB): (cf. sising) <br />
tuak: 'nape of the neck' <br />
tubang(JU): 'kind of small wild cat that preys on chickens' <br />
tubeh: 'a vine and the poison from its roots used to stun fish: <br />
derris root' <br />
tuda?: 'how much?; how many'; t. buleng 'few' <br />
tudo: 'to sit'; nudo (ng-tudo) 'to set, put something in a place <br />
(as a pot on a <br />
table)'; sinudo (t-ln-udo) 'was set down by' (cf. <br />
bekaar) <br />
tuduk (CB): 'stick placed as a warning along the path'; nuduk (ng-tuduk) <br />
'to <br />
warn' <br />
tudung: 'shoulder' <br />
tudu?: 'seven' <br />
tudhu?: 'salt'; nudhu? (ng-tudhu?) 'add salt to something' <br />
tuked: 'prop, support siick used to hold open the cover of the <br />
ikab' <br />
tuked: 'slope of a nuiuntain'; t. apad 'on the slope of a <br />
mountain range; <br />
temuked (t-em-uked) 'climb a mountain; steep (?)'; <br />
tekedhen (tuked-en) 'the <br />
sides or slopes of a i lountain (cf. irang) <br />
tukung: 'mosquito' (cf. namuk) <br />
tukup: 'a wooden support used to hold up an old house; also, a <br />
wooden support <br />
beam inside the longhouse' <br />
tulang: 'bone; tulang da?un 'spine of a leaf' <br />
tulu1: 'correct '(cf.muned) <br />
tulu2: 'if' (cf. ulu) <br />
tulud (CB): 'act of flying'; temulud (t-em-ulud) 'to fly' <br />
tulung (CB): 'help,assistance'; nulung (ng-tulung) 'to help.assist' (Malay <br />
loan?) <br />
tumeh: 'small white clothes louse' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, li?a) <br />
tumid: 'ball of the heel' <br />
tumuh: 'tree sp.' (see kayuh) <br />
tunan: 'short handle' (cf. edha?, etun) <br />
tunang: 'happy' (cf. sinung) <br />
tunap(JU): 'window' <br />
tuno: 'a hammer'; nuno (ng-tuno) to hammer (as iron, in making <br />
tools)' <br />
tunuh: 'burning, roasting'; nunuh (ng-tunuh) 'to burn, to roast' <br />
tunuk: 'surrender' <br />
tunge (CB): 'here, to this place (cf. ngi iinih) <br />
tungul(CB): 'parang, machete, bush knife' <br />
tuped: 'standing up straight, upright, erect (of physical objects <br />
and people)' <br />
nuped (n-tuped) 'to build, construct' (cf. siri) <br />
tu?ed: 'tree stump' <br />
tu?eh: 'hard,strong (of materials)' (cf. galih, kail) <br />
tu?en: 'make, do' (cf. naro, taru?) <br />
tu?i: 'getup'; nu?i (ng-tu?i) 'raise up' (cf. kulat2) <br />
tu?uh: 'true, really; too, very' <br />
turuk: 'bamboo water conduit <br />
turun: 'the manner in which one comes down (slow, fast, etc.)'; <br />
nurun (ng- <br />
turun) 'to lower, as a ladder; swoop down to attack or <br />
grab something (as <br />
hawks or eagles); to swarm, of bees'; temurun <br />
(t-em-urun) 'jump down, <br />
descend (as a ladder}' (cf. urur) <br />
turu?: 'a command. older, directive'; nuru? (ng-turu?) 'to <br />
command'; sinuru? <br />
(t-in-uru?) 'was commanded by, was ordered by'(cf. atur, <br />
uru?) <br />
tutuk1: 'short stone or wooden pestle for pounding meat or vegetables, <br />
act of <br />
hammering or pounding'; nutuk (ng-tutuk) 'to hammer (as a <br />
peg into the <br />
ground); to pound (chili peppers, ginger, etc.) with a <br />
pestle' (cf. aluh) <br />
tutuk2 (CB): 'act of throwing something at someone or something"; nutuk <br />
(ng-tutuk) 'throw something at someone or something (as <br />
in throwing <br />
pebbles at a target) <br />
tutun: 'shallow' <br />
tutu?: 'fall from a height (people, birds, fruits, leaves)'; nutu? <br />
(ng-tutu?) <br />
'drop something from a height' (cf. luka?, petedheng) <br />
tuung (JU): 'a box' <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
U<br />
uab: 'a yawn'; 'nguab (ng-uab) 'to yawn' <br />
uan (JU): 'have' <br />
uang1: 'howling of a dog' nguang (ng-uang) 'to howl,of a dog' (cf. manang) <br />
uang2: 'muscles, flesh; contents of something' (cf. isi?) <br />
uang3 (?): uang uang (JU) 'naked' (cf. lupa) <br />
uar(CB): 'kind of vine <br />
uat1: 'thatching needle, needle used to stitch the palm-leaf thatch in <br />
making a <br />
roof <br />
uat2: large root, taproot' (cf. labing, ramut) <br />
uay: 'traditional Kelabit axe for cutting wood' <br />
ubih: 'tuber'; u. kayuh 'tapioca'; u. sia? 'sweet potato' <br />
ubit: 'mark left by a bite'; ngubit (ng-ubit) 'to bite' (cf. ketep) <br />
ubud (CB): 'soft edible pith of plants, esp. sago: palm cabbage'; ngubud <br />
(ng-ubud) 'make ubud' <br />
ubur: 'praise (n.)'; ngubur (ng-ubur) 'to praise' <br />
ubhir: 'to overflow (of a bucket left under running water, etc.)'; <br />
mubhir <br />
(m-uhhir) 'overflowing, overflowed' <br />
ubho: to stop; to rest, take a break' (cf. udhu?) <br />
udan: 'rain'; mudan (ern-udan) 'to rain'; u. bariw 'strong wind, <br />
storm wind' <br />
udang: 'shrimp' <br />
udeng1: 'decorative earplug' <br />
udeng2: 'stay'; da?et udeng 'homesick' (lit. 'bad stay'); mudeng <br />
(em-udeng) 'to <br />
stay, dwell'; pepudeng (pep-udeng) 'stay with one's <br />
fiancee's family for <br />
some time before marriage (reciprocal)' <br />
uduh: 'grass' (generic; cf. budud) <br />
udung (CB): 'top, end'; u. kayuh 'top of a tree, part of a tree from the <br />
first <br />
branching upwards' . <br />
udur: 'standing': mudur (em-udur) 'stand up from sitting or lying; <br />
standing <br />
up'; udur udur 'lingering around doing nothing; standing <br />
up and sitting <br />
down repeatedly' <br />
udhih: 'rudder, stern of a boat; rear' (cf. julung, mudhih) <br />
udhu?: 'cease, stop an activity (as walking or working)' <br />
ue (CB): 'rattan' <br />
ueg: 'wild fruit tree with seeds like rubber tree seeds' <br />
ugam: 'mat' (cf. epin) <br />
ugha? (CB): 'stop suddenly, of whirling motion (children in play whirling <br />
around to make themselves dizzy, a spinning top that <br />
falls over, etc.)' <br />
ugheng: 'spinning without wobbling (usually with reference to <br />
spinning tops)' <br />
ul: 'cheer ullcrcd when passing arak or burak rice wine in a <br />
festival' <br />
uih: 'lsg. subject and object; I, me'; duih (idih-uih) 'mine <br />
uit (CB): 'way of banging'; mult (ern-uit) 'to bring'; nuit (en-uit) <br />
'was <br />
brought by'; pemuilt(pem-uil) 'thing used to bring'; <br />
pepuit (pep'uit) 'bring <br />
one another' <br />
uka (JU): 'dawn'; muka (m-uka) (JU): 'early' (cf. lekedhang) <br />
ukep (JU): 'spend a night in the forest' <br />
uker: 'shining, of a cat's eyes in the dark, chatoyant' <br />
ukul1: 'disposition' (cf. eghul, mukul) <br />
ukul2 (CB): 'stick for stirring rice' <br />
uku?: 'dog' <br />
uled: 'maggot, caterpillar': u. reken 'kind of non-poisonous <br />
worm that coils <br />
in a circle' (cf. kelatih, kereruar) <br />
uleng: 'alone' ;uleng uleng 'preferring to be alone' (cf. <br />
buleng) <br />
ulih1(JU): 'sprout, shoot, bud' <br />
ulih2(PM): 'wax from a honeycomb, candlewax' <br />
ulu (CB): 'if' (cf. tulu2) <br />
ulud: 'words, tale, story'; lud-en (ulud-en) 'is being talked <br />
about or told, will <br />
talk about or tell; ulud ulud 'be in conversation' <br />
uluh: 'head' <br />
ulun: 'life'; mulun (m-ulun) living, alive' <br />
ulung: 'grove,thicket, cluster of trees' (cf. pulung) <br />
umak: 'climb stairs, ascend' <br />
umeng: 'cricket' (see kato) <br />
uned: 'middle' (cf. lemuned) <br />
unih: 'sound'; munih (em-unih) 'make a sound' <br />
upa: 'splitting': mupa (ern-upa) 'to split (intr.)', ngupa <br />
(ng-upa) 'spilt some- <br />
thing into large pieces' (cf. bilak) <br />
upan: 'bait, chicken feed', ngupan (ng-upan) to feed animals' <br />
<br />
upa?: 'yam' <br />
uper (CB): 'bark fiber used for making rope': nuper (in-uper) 'string <br />
or rope <br />
made from bark fiber'; nguper (ng-uper) 'make rope <br />
from bark fiber': puren <br />
(uper-en) 'aorist passive of nuper'; sinuper <br />
(sin-uper) 'preterite passive of <br />
nguper' <br />
upih: 'a dream': mupih (em-upih) 'to dream' <br />
upit: 'tweezers' <br />
upun: 'to run' (cf. perada?) <br />
u?i: 'lever' <br />
u?it: 'top incisor teeth' <br />
u?ut: 'straw for sipping rice wine: smoking pipe; sucking'; <br />
nu?ut (ne-u?ut) <br />
'smoke a pipe: suck'; uten (u?ut-en) 'aorist <br />
passive nu?ut'; sinu?ut <br />
(sin-u?ut) 'preterite passive of nu?ut' <br />
urat1: 'vein, vessel, tendon' <br />
urat2: 'wound'; murat (m-urat) 'wounded'; ngurat (ng-urat) <br />
'to wound'; pepurat <br />
(pep-urat) 'wound one another' <br />
[[urek]] (CB): 'handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of <br />
outstretched <br />
forefinger'; ngurek (ng-urek) 'measure' (cf. <br />
depeh) <br />
urit: line. dash, writing' (cf. ayud, nulis) <br />
urung1: large dried gourd used for storing husked rice <br />
(unhusked rice is stored <br />
in the lepo pade)' <br />
urung: 'bamboo segment forming part of a wind-powered <br />
scarecrow used in <br />
the paddy field' <br />
uru?: 'order, directive' (cf. turu?) <br />
urur1(JU): 'cluster (of fruit)' <br />
urur2 (CB): 'act of lowering something'; ngurur (ng-urur) 'lower <br />
something <br />
slowly by rope' (cf. turun) <br />
usag: 'piece of something that has broken'; musag (em-usag) <br />
'break into <br />
pieces, as a clod of earth, or a ball of rice or <br />
ginger powder' <br />
useng: 'cat' <br />
useb: 'want something very much, desire intensely' <br />
used1: 'a cold, catarrh; mucus that is coughed up: euphemism <br />
for any sickness' <br />
used2: 'marrow' (possibly = used1; cf. isud) <br />
usuk: 'loose, of loincloth strings or anything else that is <br />
tied up' <br />
utak: 'urge, determination, resolve' <br />
utap (CB): 'shield' <br />
uta?: 'vomit (n.)'; nuta? (in-uta?) 'was vomited by'; <br />
nguta? (ng-uta?)'to vomit' <br />
utang: 'debt' (Malay loan; cf. baleh) <br />
utek: 'brain' <br />
uud(CB): 'retreat, withdraw' ;u. udih 'move backward' <br />
uyut (CB): 'small carrypg basket worn on the back' (cf. babeh, <br />
bakang, binen) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
W<br />
waluh: 'eight' (cf. aluh)</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=KBT_wordlist&diff=10308
KBT wordlist
2024-03-09T19:37:03Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
A<br />
<br />
[[aang]]1: 'cork lid';<br />
[[aang]]2: 'tool used for gouging wood, adze with straight blade' (cf. bikung), <br />
kapak,taan)) <br />
[[aar]]1: bellows': naar (in-aar) 'the process of metal toolmaking: the process of <br />
using the bellows to pump air in blacksmithing' <br />
[[aar]]2: 'carefully woven rattan twine used in tying; woven raltan work used on <br />
implements': naar ( 'to make rattan work', naar (in-aar) 'preterite <br />
passive of naar' <br />
[[abad]]: 'plant with long leaves and fruit which grows in bunches in wet places' <br />
[[aban]]1: 'because; unless' <br />
[[aban]]2: 'quarrel over possession of something (property, two men over a <br />
woman, etc.)': pepaban (pep-aban) 'quarrel with one another' <br />
[[abang]]: 'ditch, canal' nabang 'make a ditch' <br />
[[abet]]: 'way of tying; thing used for tying': ngabet (ng-abet) 'to tie'; pengabet<br />
'thing use for tying'; pinengabet 'was used as a thing for tying'; senabet (CB) 'was used to tie' (cf. bebhed) <br />
[[abi]]: last one'; abi-abi: 'all, every one'; mabi (m-abi) 'finished'; ngabi 'to finish' (cf. pengeh ) <br />
[[abuh]]: 'ashes'; mabuh (m-abuh) 'dusty, covered with dust or ashes': nabuh (in-abuh) 'was cover by dust or ashes'; ngabuh 'make dusty, cover with dust or ashes' pabuh (p-abuh) 'throw dust on one another (of two persons or many people)' (cf. labuh) <br />
[[adaq|ada']]: 'soul. ghost. spirit (cf. iat) <br />
[[adel]]1: 'buffalo flea' (cf. gesimel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
[[adel]]2: 'lock' <br />
[[aden]]: 'starting line or block for footrace; starting point' <br />
[[adeng]]: 'charcoal used in blacksmithing' (cf. rereng) <br />
[[ading]]: 'earwax' (cf. ta?ih lalid ) <br />
[[aduk]]: 'ostentation' (?): aduk-aduk 'showing off <br />
[[adung]]: 'adoption'; dungen 'aorist passive of ngadung'; ngadung 'to adopt' <br />
[[agag]]: 'a sieve'; nagag 'to sieve (esp. rice that has already been husked .through pounding on the iung)' <br />
[[agap]]:(JU)'a shock: way .of startling'; ngagap 'startle someone' (cf. gagap) <br />
', <br />
[[ager]]: 'crumbs left after a meal' <br />
[[ain]]: 'sweet taste'; da?et ain 'bad taste (= not sweet tasting)'; main (m-ain) 'sweet';doo? main 'delicious' <br />
[[aja]]: 'penis plug (bamboo plug traditionally inserted through the glans penis) <br />
[[aka]]: 'cleared area'; naka (in-aka) 'was cleared by'; ngaka (ng-aka) 'to clear an area, make a clearing' <br />
[[akaq|aka']]: 'saliva' (cf. lidha?) <br />
[[akat]]: 'bravery, courage'; makal (m-akat) 'brave, courageous' <br />
[[akep]]: 'black snail found in the river' (cf. kereruang, keruang) <br />
[[akun]]: 'admission'; ngakun 'admit fault' <br />
[[alad]]: 'wall'; ngalad 'miakc a wall, build a wall' <br />
[[alang]](CB): 'back of knife blade, edge': ngalar) (ng-alag) 'hit wilh the blunt.side of a knife' j <br />
[[alap]]: 'act of taking, getting or fetching'; nalap (in-alap) 'was fetched by'; ngalap (ng-alap) 'take, get, fetch' <br />
[[alaq|ala']]: (see simun) <br />
[[aleb]]: 'knee' <br />
[[alem]]: 'night'; temalem (tem-alem or te-malem?) 'spend a night' (cf. malem) <br />
[[ali]] (CB): (?): da?et ali 'deserted, of a place that has been abandoned; quiet, of a place' <br />
[[alid]]: 'steep slope (not as rugged as beribhi)' (cf. beribhi, ra?an) <br />
[[alih]]1: 'pregnancy'; malih (m-alih) 'pregnant (coarse term which implies that the child will not be legitimate)'; ngalih (ng-alih)'impregnate' (cf. ngeren) <br />
[[alih]]2: 'a taboo'; malih (m-alih) 'be taboo' (cf. eren) <br />
[[aliq|ali']] (JU): 'accumulated dirt on skin, as behind the ears' <br />
[[alud]]: 'dugoul canoe, boat; ngalud (ng-alud) 'carry things in a boat' <br />
[[alug]]: lie, untruth'; malug (em-alug) 'play a trick on someone to deceive them, lie; a lie': pemalug (pem-alug) liar; false story'; pepalug (pep-alug) lie to one another' <br />
[[aluh]]1: 'eight' (cf. waluh) <br />
[[aluh]]2: long wooden rice, pestle' (cf. tutuk) <br />
[[alung]](CB): 'fern-like plant' <br />
[[amug]]: 'meadow; previously farmed area, abandoned farmland' <br />
[[anak]]: 'child, baby', a.dela?ih 'boy'; a. dedhur 'girl'; a. kadi? 'small child'; a. menaken 'nephew, niece': a. nanap(in-alap) 'adopted child'; a. sia? new-born baby'; nenganak (ng-teng-anak) 'give birth'; tenganak (teng-anak) 'date of birth' <br />
[[anam]] (CB): 'act of picking something up from the ground'; nanam (ne-anam?) <br />
(CB) 'pick up with the fingers'; nganam (ng-anam) 'pick something up from the ground' <br />
[[aney]]: 'termite' (see rera?) <br />
[[anit]]: 'tree bark, pig .skin (rude when used for people)'; nganit (ng-anit) 'make an expedition into the jungle to skin bark from trees' (ef. kubil, lanit) <br />
[[anud]]: 'current, direction of flow'; manud (em-anud) 'to flow; move on the <br />
current': manud medayeh 'upriver'; manud mela?ud 'downriver' (cf. awer) <br />
[[anuk]]: 'clothing'; nganuk(ng-anuk) 'put on clothing' (cf. kelibung) <br />
[[angang]]: 'barking of dog, sound of a dog barking': ngangang 'to bark, of a dog" <br />
[[angat]]: 'small branch' (cf. da?an) <br />
[[angai]]: 'kind of small porcelain jar' (cf. belanay) <br />
[[angeq|ange']]: 'bee-like insect that does not bite or sting. Children hold up the little finger for this insect to come and land on' (see bua?) <br />
[[anget]]: 'kind of bee' <br />
[[apad]]: 'mountain range' (cf. buduk, puun) <br />
[[apaq|apa']]: 'to take' (cf. alap, apen) <br />
[[apeh]]: 'which?' (cf. sapeh) <br />
[[apen]]: 'to take' (cf. alap. apa') <br />
[[aping]]1(JU): 'outside' (cf. lai) <br />
[[aping]]2 (PM): 'ends of something, as a longhouse' <br />
[[apo]]: 'roof; apo kenangan 'roofing material made from nipa palm leaf'; ngapo (ng-apo) 'make a roof ' <br />
[[apuk]]1: 'fine ashes or dusi in the air, sawdust; facial powder'; mapuk (m-apuk) 'dusty': napuk (in-apuk) 'was made dusty'; ngapuk (ng-apuk) 'make something dusty' <br />
[[apuk]]2: 'cotton' I <br />
[[apung]]: 'act of hiding a thing; thing hidden'; mapung (m-apung) 'hidden'; napung: in-apung) 'was hididen by'; ngapung (ng-apung) 'hide something or oneself (Intentionally)', perengapunget)agur)(pere-ng-apung)'hide oneself <br />
apuy: 'fire' <br />
[[a'eb]](CB): lid of a basket (cf. kekeb) <br />
[[a'ed]](JU): 'speech defect; ma?ed (em-a?ed) 'speak defectively, stutter' <br />
[[a'it]]1: 'sickness, pain'; ma?it (m-a?it) 'sick, painful'; ma?it lipen 'tooth-ache ;ma?it uluh 'headache' <br />
[[a'it]]2: 'wait'; na?it (ne-a?it) 'wait for', pepa?it (pep-a?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. ta?it) <br />
[[a'ud]]1: 'wall hook on which objects are hung' (cf. edhang2) <br />
[[a'ud]]2: 'tool for clearing' <br />
[[arak]]1: 'rice wine' <br />
[[arak]]2(PM):'bamboo railing or handhold to give support when descending steps or crossing a bridge'; ngarak (ng-arak) 'to guide by the hand, as a blind man' <br />
[[arang]]: 'a dance'; ngarang (ng-arang) 'to dance' <br />
[[araq|ara']] (PM): 'don't want' (said to be more usual than dara?, q.v.) <br />
[[arar]]1: 'bamboo cage-like structure in which meat is placed for smoking': nga-rar (ng-arar) 'to smoke or dry meat over a fire' <br />
[[arar]]2: 'nest'; ngarar (ng-arar) 'make a nest' (cf. tenuran) <br />
[[areg]]: 'fragment, small piece of something broken'; mareg (m-areg) 'brokensmall pisces, fragmented'', ngareg (ng-areg) 'break somethinginto small pieces' <br />
[[arit]] (JU): 'design'; ngarit (ng-arit) 'make designs, as on a shield' <br />
[[aruq|aru']]: 'casuarina' (see kayuh) <br />
[[arur]]: 'stream, small branch of a river'; r)arur ( r)-arur) 'follow along a steam or river' <br />
[[asa]]: 'whetting, grinding, sharpening'; asa asa 'scratch oneself against a tree, of carabaos'; ngasa (ng-asa) to sharpen (as a knife') (cf. i'ir, tadem) <br />
[[asab]]: 'falling sickness, epilepsy'; masab (m-asab) 'epileptic' <br />
[[asang]]1: 'gills of a fish' <br />
[[asang]]2: 'tall woven basket' <br />
[[aseg]]: 'water that has been added to the rice that has been used to make rice wine (this gives a second, diluted batch of rice wine)' <br />
[[asek]]: 'pineapple fiber (formerly used for sewing)' <br />
[[asih]]: 'pretense': asih asih 'pretend, as to pretend not to see another person whom you consider beneath you' <br />
[[asiq|asi']]: 'stinginess, selfishness': asi? asi? 'stingy, selfish': masi? (m-asi?) 'stingy' <br />
[[aso]]: 'procrastination': aso aso 'put off doing something that someone has ask-ed you to do because you dislike having been asked to do [[it' <br />
[[asuq|asu']]: 'stool' <br />
[[atang]] (CB): 'crossbeam in house construction'; ngatang (n-atang) 'carry something on a pole between two people' <br />
[[ataq|ata']]: 'rice grains with a husk among the husked grains after pounding' <br />
[[atey]]1: 'liver': ate rua? lungs': ate buduk 'heart' <br />
[[atey]]2: 'death'; mate (m-ate) 'die. dead', nate (in-ate) 'was killed'; ngate (ng-ate) 'kill', petate (pep-ate) 'kill each other' (cf. pate) <br />
[[ateb]]: 'deadfall trap for small animals such as rats and squirrels' <br />
[[atet]]: 'clitoris' (cl.pengi?) <br />
[[atir]] (CB): 'area just inside the front of the rice granary (not the storage area proper)' <br />
[[atok]]: '(very? )' (said lo be rare: see si'it) <br />
[[atur]]1(JU): 'generation, age group' <br />
[[atur]]2(CB): 'an order, command'; ngatur (ng-atur) 'to order, command' (cf. turu?) <br />
[[atoi]]: 'a swing': petatuy (pet-atuy?) 'to swing like a pendulum'; metatuy (ng-pet-atuy) 'make something swing like a pendulum' <br />
[[awa]]: 'awe; disappointment, regret'; mawa (m-awa) 'awed: disappointed,feeling regret' <br />
[[awan]]: 'spouse' <br />
[[awa'|awa']]: 'waist <br />
[[awer]]: 'rapids, fast flowing part of the river'; mawer (m-awer) 'swift' (cf anud) <br />
[[ayek]]: 'a whisper': ngayek(ng-ayek) 'to whisper' pepayek(pep-ayek) 'whis- per to one another <br />
[[ayu]]1: 'expression corresponding to "you're it", used by children chasing one another in game' <br />
[[ayu]]2: 'predictable'; doo? ayu 'clever, smart': mayu(m-ayu?) likely, probable' <br />
[[ayud]]: 'writing'; ngayud (ng-ayud) 'write' (cf. nulis, urit) <br />
[[ayum]]: 'affection'; ngayum(ng-ayum) 'say something in affection, sym-paltlize' <br />
[[ayun]]: 'shadow' <br />
[[ayuq|ayu']]: 'just, only; always. habitually' <br />
<br />
B<br />
baang: 'place for storing small logs behind the fireplace' <br />
baa?: 'wet; wet rice field <br />
babeh: 'carrying basket that is worn on the beck, with a tumpline over the <br />
forehead'; binabeh (b-in-abeh) 'was carried on the back'; mabeh <br />
(ng-babeh) <br />
'to carry on the back' (cf. bakang, binen, uyut) <br />
babuy (CB): 'male, of pigs' (see berek; cf. la?ih) <br />
bada: 'sand' <br />
bada?1: 'advice'; binada? (b-in-ada?) 'was advised by'; mada? (ng-bada?) <br />
'advise, tell, instruct': pebada? (pep-bada?) 'advise one <br />
another, tell each <br />
other'; tebada?(te-bada?)'advice' <br />
bada?2: (PM): 'invitation' <br />
badil: 'child's toy weapon of bamboo for shooting other children in <br />
play': <br />
bedilen (baldilen) 'aorist passive of madil'; binadil (b-in-adil), <br />
pinadil <br />
(p-in-adil) 'was shot by': madil (ng-badil) 'to shoot; to hunt using guns' (cf. <br />
ngeraad ) <br />
baduk: 'jackfruit' (see bua?) <br />
baka: 'wild pig' (cf. berek) <br />
bakang: 'wide apart, of the feet while standing': tebakang (te-bakang) 'be wide <br />
apart, of the feet whilel standing'; nebakar) (n-te-bakar)) 'make <br />
someone <br />
else's feet wide apart, spread someone's legs, force apart <br />
forceps: stand over <br />
someone or something with feet wide apart'; simbakang <br />
(t-in-e-bakang) <br />
'preterite passive of. neakang' <br />
bakul (CB): 'basket that is carried in the hanfi' (Makay loan?) <br />
baku?: 'cute (of babies, of ornaments that represent animals, birds, etc.)' <br />
bala: 'news, fame; famous'; belaan (bala-an) 'saying, telling'; binala <br />
(b-in-ala) <br />
'was said by, was told by': mala(n-bala) 'say, tell, talk about' <br />
balang: 'tiger' <br />
baleh: 'debt'(cf.utang) <br />
balih: 'a lie: lying, deceitful, untruthful'; malih (ng-balih) to lie, be <br />
deceitful' <br />
baliw1: 'change form. metamorphose, as a caterpillar into a butterfly; hatch, <br />
as <br />
an egg' <br />
baliw2 (I'M): 'warp' <br />
balu? (CB): 'provisions, food given to someone when he departs on a jour- <br />
ney': nebalu? (ne-balu? ) 'give provisions to someone going on a <br />
journey' <br />
bangeh: 'water trough (for pigs, dogs)' <br />
banget: 'sea. ocean' <br />
ba?an: 'bearing fruit, flowering' (cf. busuk) <br />
ba?o (CB): 'beads' <br />
ba?ung: 'banana' <br />
ba?ur (CB): 'fishing pole; trip stick in an ebhung, noose trap' <br />
bara?: 'swell, become swollen or inflamed' <br />
barat 'veranda, porch-like area where the edhan rests and where firewood <br />
is <br />
split' <br />
bareh: 'emiber, glowing coal' <br />
baring: (see bulu?) <br />
barit: 'striped, colorful' (see bulu?) <br />
bariw: 'strong wind. storm wind' (see udan) <br />
basa?: 'way of reading, act of reading'; binasa? (b-in-asa?) 'was read by': <br />
<br />
kebasa? (ke-basa?) 'way of reading'; masa? (ng-basa?)'to read' <br />
(Malay <br />
loan) <br />
batang: log, tree trunk' <br />
bata?: 'green (as grass), blue (as (he sky)' <br />
batek: 'abdomen' <br />
batuh: 'stone'; binatuh [b-in-atuh) 'cemetery' <br />
baur (CB): 'full after eating, satiated'; maur (ng-baur) 'to satiate someone, <br />
feed <br />
someone to the point of satiation' <br />
bawang1: 'onion' <br />
bawang2: 'settlement, village, country' <br />
baweh: 'enemy'; (pep-baweh) 'be enemies with one another' (cf. <br />
bunu?) ! <br />
bayang: 'goatskin armor formerly used hy warriors when going lo battle' <br />
bayar (CB): 'pay' (Malay loan) <br />
bayeh: 'crocodile' <br />
bayuh: (see bulu?) <br />
bayung: 'a spear': mayung (ng-bayur)'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
bebhak (CB): 'torn (aa shirt, pants, mosquito net)'; bibhak (be-i-bhak) 'was <br />
bebhan: 'bird-lime stick used to catch birds'; mebhan (ng-bebhan) 'catch <br />
birds <br />
with the bird-lime stick' <br />
bebha?: 'urine; urinate' (cf. ebhah) <br />
bebhat: 'a share, division'; bibhat (be-i-bhat). binibhat(b-in-e-i-bhat) <br />
'was shar- <br />
ed or divided by': mebhat (ng-bebhat) 'to share, divide' <br />
bebhed (CB): 'a bundle, as of firewood: what is used to tie something into a <br />
bundle': b. kayuh 'bundle of wood': bibhed (be-i-bhed) 'was <br />
tied by winding <br />
around': mebhed (ng-bebhed) 'tie by winding around (bundles, <br />
bandage on <br />
limbs, etc.)' (cf. abet. pehhed) <br />
bebhek1: 'rice fragments left after pounding; finely pounded, crushed into fine <br />
<br />
particles, of rice'; bibhek (be-i-bhek) 'was broken into <br />
small panicles'; <br />
mebhek (ng-bebhek) 'break something into small particles, <br />
pound something <br />
fine' (cf. berebhek) <br />
bebhek2: 'talkative' <br />
behhen1: 'closing by covering': bibhen( be-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'; mebhen (ng-bebhen) 'close the mouth or opening of a <br />
container or <br />
bamboo by covering (deliberate action)' <br />
bebhen2: 'sink into the ground as a result of human intervention (of house <br />
posts)': bibhen (b-e-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'.mebhen (ng-bebhen) <br />
'make something sink into the ground' <br />
bebher: 'woven mat fan for fanning the fire; flutter in the wind'; bibher <br />
(be-i-bher) 'was fanned by'; mebher (ng-bebherl) 'to fan the <br />
fire'' <br />
bebho: 'cool off the temper, after getting angry or crying)' <br />
bedhek: 'nasal mucus' <br />
bedhi?: 'vulva, vagina' (cf. edhi?) <br />
bedhuk: 'short-tailed yullow-brown monkey, probably Macacus nemestrinus' <br />
(cf. berangad , kelabet. kuyad) <br />
begheh: 'dumb, mute, unable lo speak' <br />
bekaar: 'sit cross-legged' (cf. tudo) <br />
bekakit (I'M): 'turn something over, as glass or a vase' <br />
bekang (JU): 'large carrying basket worn on the back' (cf'. babeh. binen, uyut) <br />
beken: 'other: different, behaving differently than usual' <br />
bekukit (PM): 'fall over headfirst while squatting' <br />
bekuku?(PM): 'kneel' <br />
belad: 'spread open': bilad (be-i-lad) 'was spread open by'; melad <br />
(ng-belad) <br />
'to spread open, as linen' <br />
beladan1: 'the entire platform is built on the support posts and which <br />
forms the floor of the longhouse' <br />
beladan2: 'turtle. tortoise' <br />
belanay: 'four-foot high porcelain jar used for storing corn or making rice <br />
wine' <br />
belang: 'small cut' :melang (ng-belang) 'cut someone' <br />
belatik: 'spring-set arrow trap for animals' <br />
belatu?: 'outstanding: conspicuous, obvious' <br />
belawan: 'iron (metal)' <br />
belel: 'a float used on fishing lines' (cf. lupung) <br />
belen: 'log props under wooden chair' <br />
belih: 'buying'; bilih (be-i-lih) 'was bought by': melih(ng-belih) <br />
'to buy'', <br />
pebelih (pep-belih) 'trade with one another' <br />
beliw: 'slip from the hand, as when someone falls and grasps for <br />
support, but <br />
cannot hold it; biliw. (be-i-liw) 'preterite passive of <br />
ng-beliw'; meliw <br />
(ng-beliw) let go of something' (cf. peliw) <br />
belu?ing: 'hoe used for tilling and weeding in rice paddies and gardens' <br />
benang (CD): 'coffin' (cf. lungun) <br />
beneh: 'low' <br />
bengar: 'planks that form the beladan, or floor platform of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
bengel: 'deaf <br />
bengelih: 'canine tooth, tusk' <br />
bengil (CB): 'ankle' <br />
bera: 'husked rice' <br />
berang: 'width (of a river, house, field)' <br />
berangad(CB): 'small, gray. long-tailed monkey similar to kuyad' <br />
beraok: ' large frog' (cf. epit, teleka?) <br />
bera?ang: 'molar tooth' <br />
berat: 'heavy' <br />
bere: 'thing given'; bire (be-i-re) 'was given by'; mere (ng-bere) <br />
'give'; pebere <br />
(pep-bere) 'give to one another, exchange gifts' <br />
berebhek (CB): 'piece of broken stone'; merebhek (ng-berebhek) 'break a stone <br />
into small pieces, crush pulverize' (cf. bebhek) <br />
berek: 'domesticated peg'; b. babuy 'male pig, boar'; b. sinan 'female <br />
pig, <br />
sow' (cf. baka) I <br />
berenuan: 'kind of small bee' <br />
berere: 'jungle swamp with red lateritic soil' <br />
beret: 'woman's waist band of beads' (cf.eret) <br />
beribhi: 'steep slope' (cf. alid, ra?an) <br />
berirang: 'striking edge on matchbox' (Malay loan) <br />
beriwer: 'twirling (of a bullroarer)'; meriwer (ng-beriwer) 'to twirl' <br />
beruang: 'the Malayan honey bear: Ursus Malayanus' <br />
beruh: 'new: just now: again' <br />
besai: 'canoe paddle' (loan, probably from a Kenyah dialect)' <br />
besit: 'squirt out' (of pus from, a pimple when squeezed) <br />
beter: 'kidney' <br />
beti: 'calf of the leg' <br />
betik: 'tattoo' <br />
betua: (?);b. idhung 'wing of the nostril' <br />
betueh: 'stomach (internal organ)' <br />
betung: (see bulan, bulu?) <br />
bibek: 'domesticated duck' (Malay loan) <br />
bibir: 'lip' <br />
bigan (CB): 'plate' (Malay loan) <br />
bikung: 'tool used to smooth wood surfaces, adze'; mikung.(ng-bikur) <br />
'work <br />
with an adze' (cf. aang) <br />
bilak: 'piece of split wood, rattan or bamboo'; milak (ng-bilak) to <br />
split wood, <br />
rattan or bamboo lengthwise' (cf. upa) <br />
bila?: 'broken, split (state)'; benila? (b-in-ila?) 'preterite <br />
passive of bila?'; <br />
mila? (ng-bila?) 'to break, split something' <br />
bilun (JU): 'airplane' (English 'balloon') <br />
binen: 'kind of small carrying basket' (cf. babeh.bakar), uyul) <br />
bi?ung (CB): 'kind of gourd that is used as a container' <br />
birar: 'yellow' <br />
biruh: 'appearance, features; outward signs'; doo? b. 'good <br />
appearance (of <br />
people, baskets, pots)' <br />
bisung: 'hit a person with a stick by accident, as a child playing <br />
with a <br />
bullroarer' <br />
buang (CB): 'beetle (generic)' <br />
bua?: 'fruit; integral part of'; b. buyo 'orange': b. buyo duru? <br />
'small sweet <br />
variety of orange'; b. buyo pada 'lemon'; b. datu? <br />
'durian'; b. pangin 'fruit of <br />
the mango family'; b. laam 'mango'; b. tabuh b. tedhak <br />
'pumpkin': bua? <br />
tidhu? 'fingers'; bua? t. rayeh 'thumb', bua? t. tidhul <br />
'index finger', bua? t. <br />
uned 'middle finger', bua? t. sising 'ring finger', bua? <br />
t. dara? 'ring finger', <br />
bua? t. ange? 'little finger', bua? t. i?it 'little <br />
finger', b. tikan 'honeybee'. <br />
buar: 'struck by something falling'; muar (ng-buar) 'hit with <br />
something' <br />
buat1(CB): 'character, personality <br />
buat2: 'gossip, idle talk'; muat (ng-buat) 'to gossip'; pebuat <br />
(pep-buat) 'tall <br />
about one another <br />
bube?: 'defecate' (cf. tae?) <br />
bubuh1 (CB): 'bamboo basket trap for fish. placed with mouth upstream' <br />
bubuh2(CB): 'move, charge location': mubuh (ng-bubuh) to move' <br />
bubhuk (CB): 'tree from which leaves are taken to make a poultice for the <br />
relief of rheumatic pains, sprains, bruises, etc.' <br />
bubhul (CB): 'a patch'; mubhul (ng-bubhul) 'to patch, mend' <br />
bubhun1: 'campfire; fire used for glazing pots' (= bubhun2?) <br />
bubhun2(CB): 'heap, pile (of earth, sticks, etc.)'; mubhun (ng-bubhun) 'make a <br />
heap or pile of earth, sticks, etc.' <br />
bubhu ?: 'door'; rnubhu? (ng-bubhu?) 'make a hole by piercing through' <br />
bubhut: 'feathers that have been plucked from a chicken; plucking, <br />
pulling' <br />
binubhut (b-in-ubhut) 'was plucked by'; mubhut (r)-bubh <br />
t) 'pluck, pull out. <br />
as feathers' <br />
buda?: 'white' <br />
budud: 'sword grass .lmperara clindrica'(cf.uduh) <br />
buduk: 'cone, peak of a mountain, lip of the nose, lip of a pen'; <br />
buduk ruma? <br />
'ridgepole' (cf. apad, puun) <br />
bued: 'source', b.ebha? 'spring, source of a river' <br />
buen: 'odor, smell of something', b. kedi?it 'a little smell'; beruh <br />
buen 'weak <br />
(lit. 'new') smell'; da?et buen 'bad smell', doo? buen <br />
'good smell'; galih <br />
buen 'strong smell'; binuen (b-in-uen) 'was smelled by'; <br />
muen (ng-buen) 'M <br />
smell something' <br />
bugo: 'flat piece of wood used to stir rice' <br />
bui: 'soft breeze: have a soft breez.e blowing' <br />
bujur: 'distended, of the belly (also used as a personal epithet)' <br />
bukuh1: 'book' (English loan) <br />
bukuh2: 'joint of finger or bamboo: node; knot in a tree'', sebukuh <br />
(se-bukuh) <br />
'knot in a string: string with knots for keeping track of <br />
time': nebukuh <br />
(ng-se-bukuh)'tie a knot' (cf. bukuh) <br />
bukut: 'a punch': binukut (b-in-ukut) 'was punched by': mukul (ng-bukut)'to <br />
<br />
punch': pemukut (peng-bukut) 'thing used to punch (as a glove, <br />
etc.)': <br />
pebukut (pep-bukut) 'punch one another' (cf. nguarn) <br />
bulan: 'moon': b. betung 'full moon' <br />
bulat: 'open the eyes': binulat (b-in-ulat) 'was looked at by'; mulat <br />
(ng-bulat) <br />
look at someone or something': pebulat (pep-bulat) look at one <br />
another' <br />
buleng: 'single, lone': anak buleng 'only child': sebuleng (se-buleng) <br />
'alone'; <br />
nebuleng (ng-se-buleng) 'keep something (as a problem) to <br />
oneself, not sharing <br />
it with others' (cf. uleng) <br />
buluh1: 'body hair; leather': buluh mateh 'eyelash'; buluh madu? 'eyebrow' <br />
buluh2 (PM): 'love': pebuluh (pep-buluh) love one another' <br />
bulu?: 'bamboo': b. baring 'small species of bamboo used by children to <br />
make <br />
blowpipes'; b. barit 'thin yellow bamboo species with green <br />
lines': b. bayuh <br />
'thin, small species of bamboo which gives bad cuts': b. <br />
betung large, thick <br />
species of bamboo'; b. eling 'bamboo species smaller than b. <br />
betung'; b. telang <br />
'medium-sized species of bamboo' <br />
buned: 'powder' <br />
bunu?: 'enemy': rnunu? (ng-bunu?) 'go to war': pebunu? (pep-bunu?)'go to <br />
war against each other' (cf. baweh) <br />
bunga? (CB): 'cultivated flower' (probably a Malay loan; cf. busak) <br />
bunga?an: 'bladder' <br />
bupu? (CB): 'washing'; binupu? (b-in-upu?) 'was washed by'; mupu? <br />
(ng-bupu?)'to wash' (cf. pupu?) <br />
bu?an (CB): 'round rattan carrying container worn on the back' <br />
bu?uh: 'anger'; binu?uh (b-in-u?uh) 'be the object of someone's <br />
anger'; <br />
perebu?uh(pere-bu?uh ) 'be anger with' <br />
burak: 'rice wine' <br />
buro (JU): 'send away, chase away'; muro (ng-buro) 'send someone away, <br />
scare <br />
off birds or animals, as from the fields' <br />
buruk: 'rotten' <br />
buru?: 'washed off, as paint from a wall'; seburu? (se-buru?) 'wash <br />
one's <br />
face' <br />
burur (JU): 'body: counting classifier for people' <br />
busak: 'wild I'lowcr, flowering, as a tree' (cf. ba?an,bunga?) <br />
buser: 'blind', muser (ng-buser) 'to blind someone' <br />
buso: 'a spear' (cf. mayung) <br />
butal: 'bald' (cf. pango) <br />
butan: 'coconut' (see bua?) <br />
buta?: 'sleep in the eye, mucus in the comer of the eye' <br />
butung: 'corpse, carcass, dead body' <br />
butu?: 'penis' <br />
buyo: 'citrus fruit' (see bua?) <br />
buyur (JU): 'too long, as fhe sleeves of a shirt or the legs of a pair of <br />
trousers': <br />
muyur (ng-buyur) 'lengthen' <br />
<br />
D<br />
daan: 'hut in the ricefield where people stay to scare away birds' <br />
dadan: 'old, of things; long, of time'', dadan dadan 'for a long time' (cf. <br />
ngered, <br />
ma?un) I <br />
dadang: 'heat rom a fire, be exposed to heat (as a person sitting near a <br />
fiire)'; <br />
nadang (ng-dadang) 'to heat'; sinadang (d-in-adang) 'was heated <br />
by' <br />
dadem: 'feverish, sick' I <br />
dalan: 'path, road'; nalang (ng-dalan) 'to walk'; delanan (dalan-an) 'path <br />
made <br />
by repeated walking over the same course'; medalan (me-dalan?) <br />
'help <br />
someone walk' <br />
dalem: 'deep' inedalem (ng-dalem) 'deepen' <br />
dalid: 'ear' (dialect form; cf. lalid) <br />
daluh (CB): 'a fight, quarrel'; pedaluh (pep-daluh) 'to fight, quarrel with one <br />
<br />
another' (cf. kedaluh) <br />
dame: (see lau?) <br />
dapo (CB): 'walk or talk in one's sleep' <br />
dapur: 'kitchen' (Malay loan) <br />
da?an: 'branch, bough of a tree' (cf. angat) <br />
da?ar: live twig (cf. raka?)' <br />
da?eh: 'chin. jaw' <br />
da?et: 'bad'; dina?et(d-in-a?et) 'was damaged by'; pada?et(pep-da?et) <br />
'say something bad about one another' <br />
da?un: 'leaf (cf. rudang) <br />
dara?1: 'blood'; dera?en (dara?-en) 'bleeding, as the gums' (see bua?, cf. <br />
dara?) <br />
dara?2: 'don't, don't want' (cf. ara?, ian) <br />
dari: 'fine. small' (see peretak) <br />
datu?: (see bua?) <br />
dawan: lamp, torch' (cf. lapung) <br />
dawa?: 'a libel suit'; ngedawa? (ng-dawa?) 'sue someone' <br />
dayeh: 'upriver, toward the interior'; pedayeh (pe-dayeh) 'upriver <br />
(loc.)'; <br />
medayeh (me-dayeh) 'go upriver' <br />
dayung(PM): 'trance' <br />
dedhak (CB): way of slapping or tamping something to make it more compact'; <br />
kededhak (kededhak) 'way of slapping or lamping <br />
something'; nedhak <br />
(ng-dedhak) 'when constructing a levee in the paddy <br />
field, to slap the wet clay <br />
with a large paddle or club to make it more compact; <br />
prior to wrapping <br />
cooked rice in leaf packages, to pat, squeeze and press <br />
the rice into a compact <br />
mass using a small wooden paddle (bugo)' <br />
dedhar (CB): 'be struck, as by a falling object' (cf. dedhat) <br />
dedhek (CB): 'struck, as by something that someone throws at you; way of <br />
throwing something at someone'; nedhek (ng-dedhek) <br />
'throw any object <br />
(stone, mud, book) at someone or something' <br />
dedhem (CB): 'darkness, dark'; ngededhem (nge-dedhen) 'wait for nightfall' <br />
(cf. m-alem) <br />
dedhen: 'pushing down': nedhen (ng-dedhen) 'push down' <br />
dedher: 'small tree, sapling; slick' <br />
dedhur: 'female (human); woman' (cf. sinan) <br />
dekaan: 'term of intimacy used with relatives' <br />
deket1: 'fish that moves from boulder to boulder in the river' (probably <br />
= <br />
deket2,. from its habit of "sticking" to the rocks) <br />
deket2: 'sticky': neket (ng-deket) 'stick something to something': <br />
siket <br />
(de-i-ket) 'pruterite passive ol neket' (cf. pedeket) <br />
dela?ih: 'male' (cf. la?ih) <br />
dele: 'corn' <br />
delo (JU): 'kind of long eel' (cf. duder) <br />
demulun: 'slave, servant' (cf. dulun, lemulun, paran) <br />
denak (JU): 'suddenly'; medenak (me-denak) 'to startle or surprise someone' <br />
denganeh (CB): (?) d. puar 'brother or sister by a second marriage: half <br />
brother, half sister' <br />
dengur: ' low-pitched (as the voice)' (cf. leki?) <br />
depar: 'back of the hand. top of the foot'; depar tidhu?, l 'back of the <br />
hand' <br />
depeh: 'fathom, distance between two outstretched arms' (cf. urek) <br />
deramih (CB): 'rice straw' (cf. geramih) <br />
deredhang: 'epiphytic fern' (cf. redhang) <br />
deteluh: 'they (trial)' (cf. diweh, ideh) <br />
dian: 'candle' <br />
dila?: 'tongue' <br />
dinger: 'way of listening; hearing'; ninger (ng-dinger) 'to hear, listen <br />
to';peninger <br />
(peng-dinger) 'thing used to hear or listen with'; sininger <br />
(d-in-inger) 'was <br />
heard by, was listened to by' <br />
dingi (CB): 'opposite side; pedingi (pe-dingi) 'on the opposite side' (cf. <br />
dipar) <br />
dipar: 'opposite side; there (in polite speech, esp. when referring to <br />
the loca- <br />
tion of a house)': d. dingi (CB) 'opposite bank'; d. ebha? <br />
'other side of the <br />
river' (cf. dingi) <br />
direm: 'purple, color of a piit' (cf. milem) <br />
diri: 'housepost' <br />
dita?: 'high, tall' <br />
diu?: 'bathe oneself; siniu? (d-in-iu?) (CB) 'was bathed by'; niu? <br />
(ng-diu?) <br />
'bathe a baby or disabled adult'; ken diu? teh X 'a formal <br />
greeting meaning; <br />
'how is X'?' <br />
diweh: 'they (dual)' (cf. deteluh, ideh) <br />
doo?: 'good': ngedoo? (nge-doo?) 'to make good (after a quarrel, <br />
sickness, <br />
etc.)' <br />
duder: 'small freshwater eel that is good to eat' (cf. delo) <br />
dueh: 'two' <br />
duket: 'to perch (of a bird)' <br />
-I <br />
dulun (CD): 'other people' (cf. demulun, ideh, lemulun) <br />
duru? : 'honey' <br />
<br />
E<br />
ebol (CB): 'ball' (English loan) <br />
ebha: 'fall (n.), fall from a height': mebha (em-ebha) 'to fall, of <br />
people or <br />
animals falling accidentally: not used of leaves'; <br />
ngebha? (ng-cbha) <br />
'deliberately push down' <br />
ebha?: 'water (fresh or salt); river; juice of fruit or meat'; e. rudheng <br />
'oil (from <br />
animal fat)'; ba?en (ebha?-en) 'aorisi passive of ngebha?; <br />
ngebha?(ng-ebha?) <br />
'remove the water, as from a pond to better catch the fish in <br />
it: add water, as <br />
to rice when cooking': sibha? (t-e-i-bha?) 'was watered by' <br />
(cf. bebha?; <br />
lato) <br />
ebhar: loincloth' <br />
ebhed (CB): 'tag'; ebhed ebhed 'game of tag played by children' <br />
ebheg (CB): 'pulp of tapioca, coconut, etc. that has been squeezed by. twisting <br />
in a cloth': ngebheg (ng-ebheg)'to squeeze the pulp of <br />
tapioca, etc.' <br />
ebheh (CB): 'where?' (cf. ngapeh) <br />
ebhen1: 'accusation': ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'accuse' <br />
ebhen2: 'sinking into the earth'; ibhen (e-i-bhen) 'having sunk into the <br />
earth (of <br />
house posts)': mebhen (em-ebhen) 'sink into the earth <br />
(unintentional action)'; <br />
ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'push a stick into the ground, a needle <br />
into the skin, etc.' <br />
ebheng: large bridge; levee, water break in a paddy field' (cf. tadur) <br />
ebho: 'act of soothing someone's emotions, as those of a crying baby'; <br />
boen <br />
(ebho-en) 'soothe (passive/imperative)' <br />
ebhu (CB): 'cover, wrapping'; ngebhu' (ng-ebhu) to cover' <br />
ebhud (CB): 'push something (as rubbish) with the instep of the foot' <br />
ebhuh1: 'act of refusing attention after being ignored, as a child'; <br />
mebhuh <br />
(ern-ebhuh) 'refuse attention after being ignored' <br />
ebhuh2: 'any length between two joints of the finger, a fingertip and a <br />
joint or <br />
a knuckle and a joint' <br />
ebhuk: 'head hair' <br />
ebhu1(CB): 'skewer for roasting meat'; ngebhul (ng-ebhul) 'to skewer, as meat <br />
for roasting' <br />
ebhung: 'noose trap of string used to catch birds or small animals'; <br />
ngebhung <br />
(ng-ebhung) 'catch birds oi small animals with a noose trap' <br />
<br />
edhan: 'notchod log ladder for entering and exiting from longhouse'; <br />
nedhan <br />
(ne-edhan) 'put a ladder up'; ngedhan (ng-edhan) 'make a <br />
ladder' <br />
edhangl: light, radiance'; e. edho 'daylight, sunlight'; medhang <br />
(m-edhang): <br />
'bright'; m. edho 'the day is coming, its morning already! <br />
(phrase used when <br />
walking someone in the morning)' {cf. lekedhang, midang) <br />
edhang2: 'wall hook, on which objects are hung'; ngedhang (ng-edhang) 'put <br />
something on a wall hook' (cf. a?ud) <br />
edha?1: 'handle'; medha? (em-edha?) 'attach a handle' pedha? (p-edha?) <br />
'handle' (cl', etun, tunan) <br />
edha?2: 'temper'; da?et edha? 'bad-tempered' <br />
edheh: 'one; there is one' <br />
edhen: 'work (n.): suffering' (cf. mededhen) <br />
edheng1: 'rung of a ladder' <br />
edheng2: 'saliva containing mucus' <br />
edhing: 'coming, arrival of someone': medhing (em-edhing) 'arrive' <br />
edhi?: 'term of familiarity used among females' (cf. bedhi?) <br />
edho: 'day'; e. ma?un (CB) 'day before yesterday'; e. riak <br />
'tomorrow'; e. riak <br />
edheh 'day after tomorrow'; mated edho 'sun'; medho <br />
(m-edho) 'midday' <br />
edhuh: 'act of pushing': ngedhuh (ng-edhuh) 'to push (as wood into a <br />
fire)' (cf. <br />
menul) <br />
egheng: 'chill, cold (n.)'; megheng (em-egheng) 'shiver'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-egheng) <br />
'make someone or something chilly'(cf. gegheng, tegeker) <br />
eghul: 'temperament' ;da?et eghul 'bad-tempered; also used of a <br />
person who <br />
has trouble waking up in the morning' (cf. ukul) <br />
ekeb: 'cover, lid, as for a basket'; ikeb (e-i-keb) 'was covered by' <br />
(cf. kekeb) <br />
ekiw: (see la?al) <br />
ekung: 'owl' <br />
elab (CB): 'the shaking out of a mat'; ngelab (ng-elab) 'shake out a mat' <br />
elad: 'wing of a bird' <br />
elak: 'stored in the crotch of a tree branch'; ilak (e-i-lak) <br />
'preterite passive of <br />
ngelak'; ngelak (ng-elak) 'to store something in the <br />
crotch of a tree branch' <br />
elang (CB): 'border, place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one does <br />
<br />
not intend to expand the clearing)'; ngelang (ng-elang) <br />
'make a border, as by <br />
clearing away growth between two pieces of land' (cl'. <br />
eleng, erang) <br />
ela?: 'want. desire: will (future)' <br />
eleg: 'cessation: divorce': leghen (eleg-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
meleg': meleg <br />
(em-eleg) to stop': ileg (e-i-leg) 'was stopped by' <br />
elen: 'pillow of wood or corn silk' <br />
eleng (CB): 'place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one intends to <br />
expand the clearing)' (cf. elang, erang) <br />
eling1: 'edge (of a timber, etc.)' <br />
eling2: 'pieces of split bamboo used in weaving mats or baskets' (see <br />
bulu?) <br />
elu1 (CB): land that previously has been farmed and now lies unused, fallow <br />
<br />
land' (= elu2?) <br />
elu2 (CB): 'rotted remains of a fruit that has become overripe without being <br />
<br />
eaten': melu (m-elu) 'overripe, of fruits': ngelu <br />
(ng-elu) 'allow fruit to <br />
become overripe and go to waste' <br />
elu1: 'pitfall for catching animals' <br />
elud2 (CB): 'slippery hillside that has been denuded of foliage' <br />
elung1: (see manuk) <br />
elung2: 'mouth of a river' <br />
eme (CB): 'go, go to' (cf. me2) <br />
eme?: 'goat' <br />
emes: 'gold' (Malay loan) <br />
emung (JU): 'way of gathering'; imung(e-i-mung) 'was gathered by'; ngemung <br />
(ng-emung) 'collect, gather, bring together'; pemung <br />
(p-emung) 'heaped <br />
together' <br />
emu?: 'intimate term of address by an adult man or woman to a younger <br />
female, (something like "my daughter")': emu? ta?ih 'an <br />
even more <br />
intimale term for girls' '(cf. ta?ih) <br />
ena?: 'So-and-So' <br />
enem: 'six' <br />
enun: 'what?' <br />
engat: 'gulping' <br />
engep: 'a kiss'; ngepen(engep-en)'aorist passive of ngengep'; ingep <br />
(e-i-ngep) <br />
'was kissed by'; ngengep (ng-engep) 'to kiss'; pengep <br />
(p-engep), pepengep <br />
(pep-engep) 'kiss each anolher' <br />
engi: 'that (demonstrative)' (cf. ineh) <br />
enggg: 'sound of growling (ononm.)' <br />
epak: 'what is split': ipak (e-i-pak) 'was split by', nepak (ne-epak) <br />
'to split <br />
kill an animal with a machete'; ngepak (ng-epak) 'to <br />
split' <br />
epa?: 'way of chewing'; mepa?(em-epa?) 'to chew' <br />
epat: 'four' <br />
epem (CB): 'pump (as a water pump)' (English loan) <br />
epid: 'act of intertwining'; ipid(e-i-pid) 'was braided by'; ngepid <br />
(ng-epid)'to <br />
braid, interwine', pepepid (pep-epid) 'walk with arms <br />
around each others' <br />
shoulders (of small boys)' <br />
epin: 'sleeping mat' (cf.ugam) <br />
epit: 'bamboo tongs for removing charcoal from the fire'; ngepil <br />
(ng-epit) 'pick <br />
something up with tongs' <br />
epub: 'the medicine used by a traditional doctor': ngepub (ng-epub) <br />
'treat <br />
someone with traditional medicine' <br />
epun: 'grandparent of: e. Gerawat 'grandparent of Gerawat' (cf. <br />
tepuh, tepu? ) <br />
eput: 'blowpipe'; ngeput (ng-eput) 'shoot with a blowpipe' <br />
erang (CB): 'border, division'; e. tana? 'border' (cf. elang, eleng) <br />
eren (PM): 'taboo' (cf. alih) <br />
ereng: 'a groan, growl' ngereng (ng-ereng) 'to groan, make a <br />
groaning sound (as <br />
a sick person or a ghost), to growl (as a dog)' <br />
eret: 'man's belt'; ngeret (ng-eref) 'tighten by constriction, as <br />
a belt' (cf. beret) <br />
esag: 'act of splittint;': isag (e-i-sag) 'was split by': nesag <br />
(ne-esag) to split <br />
bamboo (for floors in temporary huts)': tesag (t-esag) <br />
'split bamboo for <br />
walls or floors' <br />
eseb: 'any burned-over area, such as that created in the <br />
preparation of a <br />
swidden'; e-i-seb 'prcierile passive of ngeseb'; ngeseb <br />
(ng-eseh) 'to burn over <br />
an area' <br />
esem: (see bua?) <br />
esit: 'small frog that lives in the stalks of banana trees' (cf. <br />
beraok,teleka?) <br />
esu: 'continuation of one action into another that follows <br />
immediately'; isu <br />
(e-i-su) 'preterile passive of ngesu'; ngesu (ng-esu) <br />
'continue doing one thing <br />
immediately after completing another' <br />
esub: 'act of knocking down'; suben-(esub-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngesub'; <br />
ngesub (ng-esub) 'knock down, as a buffalo or other <br />
corraled animal might <br />
knock down a fence lo escape' <br />
ela: 'fence': ngeta (ng-eta) 'to fence, fence in' <br />
eta?: 'slug (animal)' <br />
eteb: 'act of cutting: the mark left by cutting'; keteb (k-eteb) <br />
'either of the two <br />
pieces of wood produced by a splitting cut'; geteb <br />
(g-keteb) 'to cut a <br />
longitudinal piece (as a stick) in half <br />
eteh: 'area at the base of the spine: tail-bone' <br />
etek: 'popcorn': ngetek (ng-etek) 'make popcorn' <br />
eteng: 'button (as on a shirt)': ngeteng (ng-eteng) 'to button' <br />
etep (CB): 'bite, mark left by biting': itep (e-i-tep) 'was bitten by'; <br />
ngetep <br />
(ng-etep) 'to bite' (ambiguous for stems etep; getep: ketep) <br />
eti: 'tea' (English loan; cf. t6h) <br />
> <br />
etuk: 'heartbeat' <br />
etun: long handle, like a hoe handle' (cf. edha?) <br />
etung: 'meeting place' <br />
etut: 'a fart', ngetut(ng-etut) 'to fart' <br />
<br />
<br />
G<br />
<br />
gaber: 'picture'-, ngaber (ng-gaber) 'take pictures with a camera' (Malay <br />
loan) <br />
gagap (PM): 'startled' ngagap (ng-gagap) 'startle someone' (cf. agap) <br />
gaing: 'spinning top (popular in competitive games)' <br />
galih: 'strong' (cf. kail, tu?eh) <br />
garnet: 'hawk' <br />
gamung: 'aimless action' ;gamur) gamung 'doing something aimlessly, as <br />
child- <br />
ren playing around aimlessly, or housefies buzzing about': <br />
peregamung <br />
(pere-gamung) 'fly around aimlessly, as bees' (cf. pegainung) <br />
gareng (JU): 'roaring (as ;I animal) <br />
gatel: 'itchy: red spot from a rash' (cf. mueh) <br />
gaun (JU): 'skirt' (English 'gown') <br />
gegheng1: 'lifting (as clouds, or an airplane lifting up into the air); the <br />
expression gegheng ieh was used in a traditional ceremony <br />
which included a <br />
contest of strength (kiding berek) in which young men would <br />
lie on the back <br />
and lift a bound, grown pig with one arm'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-gegheg) 'to lift' <br />
gegheng2: 'be numb with cold': gegengen (gegheng-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngegheng'; ngegheng (ng-geghrng) 'too numb with cold' <br />
geleng (CB): 'armlet for males' (cf. leku?) <br />
gelisek: 'ticklish'; ngelisek (ng-gelisek) 'to tickle, as a parent <br />
tickling a baby to <br />
make it laugh' <br />
genuluh: 'stalk of a riceplant without grain head' (cf. runguh) <br />
geregaji?: 'to saw' (Malay loan) <br />
geramih (CB): 'rice straw, rice stubble' (cf. deramih) <br />
gerawat: 'tangled, complicated' <br />
gerimu?: 'to grin' <br />
geriset: 'wrinkle (of skin or clothing)' <br />
gerut (CD): 'hard rice thal sticks lo the bottom of the pot afterr cooking'; <br />
ngerut <br />
(ng-gerut) 'scrape out hard rice from the bottom of the <br />
pol after cooking' <br />
gesimel (CB): 'bed bug' (cf. adel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
gelep: 'bite', getepen (getep-en) 'aorisi passive of ngetep'; <br />
ngetep (ng-getep)'to <br />
bite' (cf. etep, ketep) <br />
getu?en: 'star' (cf. gitu?en) <br />
gileg: 'feet nauseated, feel like vomiting when seeing something <br />
dingusting; <br />
make a startled movement as when someone pokes you in the <br />
ribs'; ngileg <br />
(ng-gileg) 'dig someone in lhe ribs' <br />
girung (PM): looking for something misplaced' (cf. giwen) <br />
gitu?en (CD): (see getu?en) <br />
giwen (JU}: 'untidy, having messy habits' <br />
gugut: 'bottom incisor tooth'; ngugut (n-gugut) 'bite with the <br />
incisors' (cf. <br />
u?it) <br />
guling (JU): (?): guling guling 'shake the head back and forth' <br />
guta: 'wade across a river'; getaan (guta-an) 'fording place, place <br />
where <br />
people usually wade across a river'; megeta (me-geta) 'help <br />
someone wade <br />
across a river' <br />
<br />
<br />
I<br />
<br />
ian: 'dehortative. don't' (cf. dara?) <br />
iat: 'breath; life, spirit, soul'; da?et iat 'sad'; niat (ne-iat) 'to <br />
breathe' <br />
ibal: 'some' <br />
iban: 'parent in law' <br />
ibhang: 'hindrance, intervention': nibhang (ng-ibhang) 'hinder, prevent, <br />
inter- <br />
vene' <br />
ibha?: 'kind of bark bowl used for emptying water' (cf. ebha?) <br />
ibhu?: longitudinal incision made on lhe ventral side of a fish or animal n <br />
remove the viscera': ngibhu?? (ng-ibhu?) 'make such an incision' <br />
idan: 'when?' <br />
idang (PM): 'sunlight' (cr midang) <br />
ideh: 'they (pl.): other people'; dideh (idih-ideh?) 'theirs' (cf. diweh. <br />
deteluh, <br />
dulun) <br />
idih (CB): 'it, thing mentioned; present, as a person' (ken idih ieh 'is he <br />
here/is he present?') <br />
idhung: 'nose' <br />
ieh: '3sg. subject and object: he, she, it; dieh (idih-ieh?) 'his' <br />
iih: 'who?' <br />
ikab: 'opening in the longhouse roof for the entrance of light and for <br />
the exit <br />
of smoke from the cooking fire' <br />
iko: '2sg. subject and object; you'; diko (idih-iko?) 'yours' <br />
ilad: 'kind of palm, the leaves of which are used for making hats' <br />
ilan: 'to lick' <br />
ileh1: 'intelligence, cleverness'; mileh (m-ileh) 'clever' <br />
ileh2: 'unit of measurement equal to about one yard' <br />
iiek: 'armpit' I <br />
ilun: 'nail of finger or toe'; i. tidhu? 'fngernail', i. kukud <br />
'toenail', i. item <br />
(lit 'black nail') 'tip of the fingernail' <br />
ilung: 'seed, corn kernel; meaning, purpose' (enun ilung muyuh marih <br />
idih? <br />
'what is your purpose in coming here?'); i. tenur: 'testicle' <br />
(cf. tenuran) <br />
ilut: 'cane used for caning'; ngilut (ng-ilut) 'strike someone with <br />
rattan, as in <br />
punishment' <br />
imet: 'a grasp, hold on something'; nimet (in-imet) 'was held by';: <br />
ngimet <br />
(ng-imet) 'to grasp, hold' (cf. itan) <br />
inam: 'a figure; act of counting'; nginam (ng-inam) 'to count' (cf. <br />
itung) <br />
inan: 'reason' <br />
ina?: 'my daughter (term of address?)' <br />
inat: 'a pull. tug'; nginat (ng-inat)'to pull, tug'; pepinat <br />
(pep-inat) 'tug-of-war' <br />
ineh: 'that (demonstrative)': kineh(k-ineh) 'that way' (cf. engi) <br />
inih: 'this'; kinih (k-inih) 'this way; now' <br />
io: 'knife' <br />
ipa?1: 'black skin mole' <br />
ipa?2: leaf used as a seasoning agent' <br />
i?ik (JU): (see labo) <br />
i?ir: 'sharpened'; ngi?ir (ng-i?ir) 'to sharpen' (cf. asa, tadem) <br />
i?it : little, small' (cf. kedi?it, si'?it) <br />
irang (CD): 'slope of a mountain' (cf. tukedh ) <br />
irat: 'coming'; mirat (me-irat) 'come' (let ngapeh iral muyuh <br />
'where do you <br />
come from?'); i.edho 'direction of the rising sun' <br />
iro: 'madness, insanity'; miro (m-iro) 'mad, insane' <br />
irup: 'what is dnink; way of drinking'; mirup (em-irup) 'to drink'; <br />
nirup <br />
(in-irup) 'was drunk by'; rupan (irup-an) 'watering hole for <br />
animals in the <br />
jungle'; rupen (imp-en) 'aorist passive of mirup'; ngirup <br />
(ng-irup) 'to drink' <br />
(children's speech): pemirup (pemirup) 'container used to <br />
hold something to <br />
drink (jar, glass, etc.)' <br />
isa?: 'what one deserves' (in the expression: ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!') <br />
iseh: 'a file, instrument for filing'; ngiseh (ng-iseh) 'to file' <br />
isip1 (CB): 'plate with thin, glossy leaves which are used to wrap rice cakes, <br />
packages of rice, etc.' <br />
isip2: 'sheets of tin (before being made into tin cans)' <br />
isi?: 'contents' (Malay loan): nisi? (in-isi?) 'was filled by', <br />
ngisi? (ng-isi?) 'to <br />
fill'(cf. uang) <br />
isud1: 'marrow' (cf. used) <br />
isud2: 'sigh of relief <br />
itan: 'hold, grasp' (cf. imet) <br />
item (GT): 'blackness'; mitem (m-item) (CB) 'black'; ngitem (ng-item) 'black- <br />
<br />
en, darken'; item-item 'dirty'. <br />
iti: 'recognition'; ngiti (ng-iti) 'recognize someone', pepiti <br />
(pep-iti) 'recognze <br />
one anolher' <br />
iti?: female breast'; miti? (em-iti?) 'to suck, as a baby <br />
sucking at the <br />
breast'; ngiti? (ng-iti?) 'to suckle, as a mother sucking <br />
her baby' <br />
itun: 'a question': nitun (in-itun) 'was asked by', tunen <br />
(itun-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of ngitun'; ngitun (ng-itun) 'ask a question'; <br />
pepitun (pep-itun) <br />
'question one another' <br />
itung: 'a figure', act of Counting'; ngitung (ng-itung) 'to count' <br />
(probably a Malay <br />
loan: cf. inam) I <br />
iuh: 'elbow': miuh (ein-iuh) 'accidentally knock with the elbow'; <br />
ngiuh (ng- <br />
iuh) 'to elbow, knock with lhe elbow'; piuh (p-iuh) 'knock <br />
one another with <br />
the elbow' ! <br />
iuk (?): iuk iuk (JU) little by little' <br />
iung: 'rectangular wooden platform slightly hollowed out, with a <br />
hole in the <br />
center in which rice is pounded'; lobang iung 'the hole in <br />
the center of the <br />
iung'; betueh iung 'a wooden extension of the iung <br />
which lies under the <br />
lobang iung and catches lhe rice' <br />
iup: 'blowing'; ngiup (ng-iup) 'to blow' <br />
iur: 'tail (animal)'; iur iur 'used of someone who wants to be <br />
behind all the <br />
time in his work' <br />
iwa?: 'nine' <br />
<br />
<br />
J<br />
jawa: 'foreign country' (see peretak) <br />
julung: 'prow of a canoe' (cf. udhih) <br />
<br />
<br />
K<br />
kaber: 'pineapple' (see bua?) <br />
kabing: lefl side': pekabing (pe-kabing) 'on the left side' <br />
kadang: long, as a stick' (cf. rawir) <br />
kadi?1: 'because' <br />
kadi?2 (CB): 'small' <br />
kail: 'strong (of a person)' (cf. galih, tu?eh) <br />
kak: ('?)'. kak kak 'sound of cackling (onom.)' <br />
kalang: 'thick creeper from which latex is collected' <br />
kalat: 'rope' (cf. nuper) <br />
kamih: 'we (pi. excl.)': dikamih (idih-kamih?) 'ours' (cf. kediweh, <br />
keleluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
kanid: 'cousin, child of MZ, MB,FZ or FB'; k. dedhur 'female cousin'; k. <br />
dela?ih 'male cousin (reference)', k. la?ih 'male cousin <br />
(address)': k. <br />
midhed 'first cousin' <br />
kapak: 'axe' (Malay loan, cf. uay) <br />
kapal: 'thick' <br />
kapeh: 'how?' <br />
kapur: lime, chalk' <br />
karar: 'a slant': ngarar (ng-karai-) 'place something in a slanting <br />
position' <br />
karo: 'act of scratching': ngaro (ng-karo) 'scratch an itchy part' (cf. <br />
ngeramit) <br />
karuh (CB): 'what is said, words'; nekaruh (ne-karuh) 'to talk, speak' <br />
kasang (CB): 'peanuts' (Malay loan) <br />
katem (CB): 'wood plane, implement for planing wood' <br />
kato: locust, grasshopper' k. umeng 'cricket' <br />
katu: 'ancestor, descendant; a continuation of anything' (cf. pekatu) <br />
<br />
kawan: 'friend' (Malay loan; cf. paad) <br />
kawit: 'accidentally cut or scratched by being brushed with a machete (as <br />
when working next to someone cutting grass)' <br />
kaya?: 'weak' <br />
kayep: 'swimming'; kayep kayep 'dog-paddle in the water'; perekayep <br />
(pere-kayeh) 'to swim for one's life (GT); to dog-paddle (CB)' <br />
(cf. languy) <br />
kayuh: 'wood, tree'; k apuy 'firewood'; k. aru? <br />
'casuarina (used for <br />
firewood)'; k. ipak 'small logs used in fireplace'; k. main <br />
'cinnamon', k. <br />
tumuh '.soft wood tree with fine grain and thick, oval leaves <br />
(used for timber <br />
and for obtaining resin for lamps)' <br />
ke-: 'ordinal prefix for numerals' <br />
kedaluh: 'a fight, quarrel; kindaluh (k-in-edaluh) 'preterite passive of nge- <br />
<br />
daluh'; ngedaluh (ng- kedaluh) 'to fight, quarrel with'; <br />
pekedaluh (pep- <br />
kedaluh) 'fight each other' (cf. daluh) <br />
kedelan: 'choke, choke on' (cf. meker, pekan) <br />
kedi?it: little, small in amount, of time' (na?it kedi?it 'wait a little') <br />
(cf. i?it, <br />
si?it) <br />
kediweh: 'we (dual excl.)' (cf. kamih, keteluh, kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
keduit (JU): ladle, scoop' <br />
kedha: 'able to withstand pain'; kedaan (kedha-an) 'suffering'; ngedha, <br />
(ng- <br />
kedha) 'suffer' <br />
kedhep: 'a blink, act of blinking'; kedhep kedhep 'blink constantly or <br />
repeatedly' <br />
kejem: 'a grimace'; nekejem (ne-kejem) 'to grimace, make a face' <br />
kekal: 'break off, snap off; ngekal(ng-kekal) 'to pick, pluck froif <br />
kekeb (CB): lid, cover of something'; ngekeb (ng-kekeb) 'to cover' (cf, a?eb, <br />
ekeb) <br />
kekelit: 'small insectivorous bat' (cf. pawat) <br />
kekeng(CB): 'to shrink, as clothing' <br />
kelab: 'flapping', nekelab (ne-kelab) 'flap the wings, as a rooster <br />
before <br />
crowing' (cf. nekebher) <br />
kelabet(CB): 'gibbon' (cf. bedhuk, berangad, kuyad) <br />
kelatih (CB): 'earthworm' (cf. kereruer, uled) <br />
kelawa? (PM): 'spider' (cf. kelelawa?) <br />
keled (JU): 'kind of black and red spotted fish with a large mouth' <br />
kelelawa? (CB): 'spider' (cf. kelawa.?) <br />
kelibung: 'material, fabric (G'l'): clothing (CB)' (cf. anuk) <br />
kelingay: 'mirror', ngelingay (ng-kelingay) look in the mirror' <br />
kelio: 'wild ox with large involuted horns: Bos gaurus (nearly <br />
extinct at the <br />
time of data collection in 1969) <br />
keli? (CB): 'know (facts)' <br />
keluit: 'fishhook': ngeluit (ng-keluit) 'to fish with hook and line' <br />
kemu?: 'short (height, length), brief; to summarize' <br />
ken1: 'according to (someone or something)' <br />
ken2: 'particle used to form yes-no questions' <br />
kenaman (CB): 'pass out' (cf, redhan) <br />
kenanak: 'sibling'; k. delaih 'brother (can also be used for a close <br />
friend)', k. <br />
dedhur 'sister'; k. i?it (CB) 'younger sibling'; k. <br />
rayeh (CB) 'older sibling' <br />
kenangan: 'the nipa palm: Nipa fruticans' <br />
kenen: 'eat (imperative)' (see kuman, nuk) <br />
kenep (CB): 'each, every'; k. edho 'each day, every day' <br />
keniw: 'eagle' <br />
kenu?: 'sexual intercourse (vulgar)'; ngenu? (ng-kenu?), pekenu? <br />
(pep-kenu?) <br />
'to have sexual intercourse' (cf. patot, sait) <br />
kepit: 'shrunken (as a bean that has dried)' <br />
keraad: 'palate' <br />
keramut: 'small mango variety' (see bua?) <br />
kera?: 'crab' I <br />
kerayab: 'sit in a sloppy or disrespectful manner, sit with limbs <br />
akimbo' <br />
kereb1: 'permitted, allowed; can, able, capable' <br />
kereb2: 'fit, suitability, compatibility with desire'; doo? kereb to <br />
just fit (as <br />
shoes)', doo? kereb ain 'just sweet enough (of taste)' <br />
<br />
kereja (CB): 'work' (Malay loan) <br />
kerekern: 'claw'; ngerekem (ng-kerekem) 'to claw, scratch with claws' <br />
kereruang (CB): land snail' (cf. akep, keruang) <br />
kereruar(CB): 'intestinal worm, flatworm' (cf. kelatih, uled) <br />
kerid: 'vegetables (generic)' <br />
keruang (CB): land snail" (cf. akep, kereruang) <br />
kerubaw: 'carabao, water buffalo' (loan, probably from Malay) <br />
kerud (CB): 'a scrape or abrasion'; ngrud (ng-kerud) 'to scrape <br />
something' <br />
keted: 'back (human)'; neketed (ne-kete4) 'turn one's back on <br />
someone'; <br />
peketed (pep-keted) 'sit back to back' <br />
keleluh: 'we (trial excl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, kiteh, tauh, <br />
teluh) <br />
ketep: 'mark left by a bite'; ngetep (u-ketep) 'to bite <br />
(considered less crude <br />
than ngubit)' (cf. etep,. getep) <br />
keter(CB): (see labo) <br />
ketian: 'thread' (Malay loan) <br />
ketuh: 'very, really'; doo? ketuh 'very good' <br />
keturu?: 'get hurt' <br />
kiding: lifting'; k. berek 'pig lifting (traditional contest in which <br />
men would <br />
see who could lift a pig)'; ngiding (ng-kiding) 'to lift' <br />
<br />
kiki (CB): 'hair that is shaved off; r)iki (D-kiki) 'shave offhair' <br />
kikid: 'vegetable soup' <br />
kilat(CB): lightning' <br />
kilu?: 'bend, curve (as a road)'; kemilu? (k-em-ilu?) 'move in a <br />
winding or <br />
meandering manner'; kinilu? (k-in-ilu?) 'result of <br />
bending (e.g. if a tree <br />
falls across a path and a detour must be made around it <br />
the new path is <br />
called kinilu?)'; ngilu? (ng-kilu?) 'bend something' <br />
kibet(JU): 'heal' (cf. pali?) <br />
kimuh: 'abscess, boil' <br />
kinan: (see kuman) <br />
kineh (JU): 'that way' (cf. inch) <br />
kinih: 'now; this way' (cf. inih) <br />
ki?ik (CB): 'bamboo piece turned by a wind-driven propeller so as to creak <br />
and frighten birds from the fields'; ngeki?ik <br />
(nge-ki'/ik) 'to creak (trees in the <br />
wind, doors when opened, floorboards underfoot)' <br />
kiteh: 'we dual (inci.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, tauh, teluh) <br />
<br />
kopi: 'coffee' (English loan) <br />
ku: 'sentence particle (?)'; cf. ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!' <br />
kuan (CB): 'to, for (a person)' <br />
kubil: leather, hide, as of deer or buffalo' (cf. anit) <br />
kuden: 'earthen pot' <br />
kudhuy: 'stretch out onej's legs' <br />
kuh: 'lsg. agent and possessor; me, my* <br />
ku?: 'for': ku? enun 'for what = why?' <br />
kuir (JU): 'clouded leopard' <br />
kuk: (?); kuk kuk: 'sound of a dog barking (onom.)' <br />
kukud: 'foot, leg' <br />
kuku?uk: 'sound of cawing (onom.)' <br />
kukur (CB): 'kind of pigeon (turtle dove? )' (cf. meto) <br />
kulat1: 'mushroom, toadstool' <br />
kulat2: 'wake up' (cf. tu?i) <br />
kulit: 'skin (of people, animals, fruits, trees, bamboo)'; rice <br />
husk (singular: see <br />
padek), ngulit (ng-kulit) 'to skin (fruits, small <br />
tree, bamboo)' <br />
kulub: 'hollowed log laid inverted over the ridge of the roof to <br />
shed rain, <br />
ridgepole cover' <br />
kuman: 'to eat'; kinan (k-in-an) 'was eaten by (with incipient <br />
fossilization of <br />
the verb morphology)'; penguman (peng-kuman) <br />
'anything eaten with rice' <br />
(cf. peman) <br />
ku?an (CB): 'splinter' <br />
ku?el: 'wrist' <br />
ref ku?uk: 'cawing of a crow'; neku?uk (ne-ku?uk)'to caw, of a crow' <br />
kuri: 'ringworm; affected by ringworm' (cf. pulang) <br />
kusay: 'small onion, leek: Allium porrum' (Malay loan) <br />
kutang (CB): 'cockroach' <br />
kutuh: 'head louse, louse in the hair' (cf. adel, gesimel, li?a, <br />
tumeh) <br />
kuyad (CB): 'small gray, long-tailed monkey: long-tailed macaque' (cf. <br />
bedhuk, berangad, kelabet) <br />
kuyat: 'a scratch on the ground, as that made by a fowl in <br />
searching for food; <br />
the act of scratching'; nekuyat (ne-kuyat) 'to <br />
scratch the ground' <br />
kuyu?: 'buckskin garment that covers only the arms. worn for <br />
protection <br />
while engaged in certain types of work' (cf. sapa?) <br />
<br />
<br />
L<br />
laab: 'quicksand, soft mud in which people or animals sink when they walk <br />
(buffaloes often die in this)' <br />
laak1: 'ripe (fruits); cooked (stative)'; lakan (laak-an) 'ripeness'; <br />
laken <br />
(laak-en) 'thing cooked'; linaak (I-in-aak) 'was cooked by'; <br />
ngelaak (ng- <br />
laak) 'to cook (rice)' (cf. lened, tanek) <br />
laak2: 'year' <br />
laam: 'sour' <br />
laba (JU): 'pass by'; gelaba (g-laba) 'overtake' (cf. pelaba) <br />
labing: 'buttress roots, as the roots of the Casuarina' (cf. ramut, uat) <br />
labo: 'meat' <br />
labo: (?), 1. i?ik: 'rat'; 1. keler 'squirrel' <br />
labuh: 'gray, color of darker clouds'; labuh labuh (JU) 'dusty'; lemabuh <br />
(l-em-ahuh) 'gel oncscll covered wilh dust or ashes, as a child <br />
playing in <br />
the dirt, throw a temper tantrum (= 'roll in the dirt')' (cf. <br />
abuh) <br />
ladeh: 'red chili pepper': ngeladeh (ng-ladeh) 'make food hot by spicing <br />
it wilh <br />
red chili pepper' <br />
lai: 'outside, the outside of: pelai (pe-lai): 'outside (as <br />
outside a social <br />
group)' (cf. aping) <br />
lajang: 'heavy iron cooking pot' <br />
lakut (CB): 'the bending of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk; act of <br />
pulling a branch or the lip of a bamboo stalk down': <br />
belakut (be-lakut) 'beni <br />
down, of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk'; binlakut <br />
(b-in-e-lakut). <br />
linakut (l-in-akut) 'preterite passive of melakut': melakut <br />
(ng-be-lakut) <br />
'bend or pull a branch of bamboo stalk over <br />
lalaw: 'mythical dragon that lives in the river <br />
laled: 'black housefly' (cf. lango) <br />
lalid: 'ear' (cf. dalid) <br />
laman: 'pasture for buffalos <br />
lamud1: 'mixture': ngelamud (nge-lamud), melamud (ng-pe-lamud)'to mix': <br />
<br />
pelamud (pelamud) 'mixed' <br />
lamud2: 'yeast' <br />
lana: 'smooth and shiny, as a bald head': ngelana (ng-lana) 'make <br />
smooth' (cf. <br />
tepi) I <br />
lanit: 'skinning, peeling off; linanit (I-in-anit) 'was <br />
skinned by'; ngelanit <br />
(ng-lanit) 'to skin, peel bark from trees' (cf. anit) <br />
langan: 'blowpipe dart' ; <br />
langit: 'sky' <br />
lango: large bluish-green fly, horsefly' (cf. laled) <br />
langu?: 'brother-in-law, sister-in-law' <br />
languy: 'swimming': languy languy 'dog-paddle in the water'; lemanguy <br />
(1- <br />
em-anguy) 'swim for fun or enjoyment; float'; selanguy <br />
(se-languy) 'float' <br />
(cf. kayep) <br />
lao: 'glossy, as the fur of a healthy animal' <br />
lapung: lamp' (from Malay lampu; cf. dawan) <br />
laput: 'cloud' <br />
la?al: 'chicken'; 1.ekiw 'heron' <br />
la?eh: 'more (some still left)' <br />
la?ih: 'male'; 1. rayeh 'old man' (cf. babuy,dela?ih) <br />
la?ud 'downriver, toward the sea'; mela?ud (me-la?ud) 'downriver' <br />
la?uh: 'hungry' <br />
lati?: 'swidden, dry rice field; work on a swidden'; 1. baa? 'rice <br />
paddy, wet <br />
rice field' (cf. kereja) <br />
lato: 'oily (from animal fat)' (cf. ebha? rudheng) <br />
lau?: 'warm. hot': 1. dame 'lukewarm' <br />
lawe: 'walk': lawe lawe 'walk about aimlessly'; linawe (I-in-awe) <br />
'walked; a <br />
trip, journey' <br />
laya?: 'soft'; ngelaya? (ng-laya?) 'soften' <br />
layo(CB): 'tame, docile'; ngelayo (ng-layo) 'tame an animal' <br />
layuh: 'wither'; lemayuh (l-em-ayuh) 'to wither (as a plant withering <br />
of its <br />
own accord)'; linayuh (I-in-ayuh) 'preterite passive of <br />
ngelayuh'; ngelayuh <br />
(ng-layuh) 'make something wither, as by pulling it close <br />
to the fire' <br />
1eh: ' term of familiarity used among males' <br />
ledham (CB): 'nauseated, as from eating too much pork fat' <br />
lega: 'bench; floor in jungle hut' <br />
leghu?: 'thunder' <br />
leh: 'about to (do)' (leh me uih I'm going to go /l want to go') <br />
lekak (PM): 'peeling'; ngelekak (n-lekak) 'peel or take off the top layer' <br />
lekat: 'give up some activity voluntarily' <br />
lekedhang (CB): 'morning' (cf. edhag, uka) <br />
leki?: 'high-pitched, as a girl's voice' (cf. dengur) <br />
lekoa: large variety of ginger: Alpinia galanga' (cf. lieh) <br />
leku?: 'bracelet of plant fibers, ivory, etc. worn by females' (cf. <br />
geleng) <br />
leleg: 'residue left after drinking something' <br />
leleng: 'dam made of branch <br />
<br />
<br />
in the river' <br />
lem: 'at, in'; 1. uang 'inside' <br />
lematek: 'jungle leech' <br />
lemek: 'fat of an animal, grease' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemuh: 'fat, obese (people, ailimals)' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemulun (CB): 'person, humap being' (cf. demulun, dulun) <br />
lemuned (JU): 'in the middle' (cf. uned) <br />
lena? (PM): 'recede, of river water' (cf. ngena?) <br />
lened (CB): 'cooking of vegetables'; gelened (g-lened) 'cook vegelables' (c.f <br />
<br />
laak, tanek) : <br />
lengen: 'arm' <br />
lengu: 'slipped off (silirt, snike skin. etc.)': ngelengu (o-legu) <br />
'take off, remove <br />
anything that encircles, as a bracelet, necklace, shirt' <br />
(cf. selengu) <br />
lepag: 'chipped' <br />
lepa? (CB); 'foam. suds' <br />
lepeku?: 'very small pond' (cf. takung) <br />
lepo: 'hut in the jungle where one can stay overnight when <br />
travelling away <br />
from the village; temporary shelter'; 1. pade 'rice <br />
granary' <br />
let: 'from' <br />
leta?: 'a crack; cracked' <br />
liang: 'under'; 1. ruma?' 'area under the longhouse, where <br />
domesticated <br />
animals are kept'; peliang(pe-liang) 'below beneath' <br />
libuh1 (JU): 'a fruit, the guava: Psidium guava' <br />
libuh2(CB): 'round'; ngelibuh (ng-libuh) 'to circle; make something round' <br />
libut (CB): 'circle': ngelibut (ng-libut) 'go around'; pelibut (pe-libut) <br />
(CB): <br />
'encircle, surround game in hunting' <br />
lidik (JU): 'cutting of undergrowth'; lemidik (l-em-idik) 'cut <br />
undergrowth' <br />
lidha?: 'sputum (saliva that has been expectorated)'; ngelidha? <br />
(ng-lidha?) 'to <br />
spit' (cf. aka?, redhen) <br />
lieh: 'small variety of ginger: Zingiber officinale' (cf. lekoa) <br />
<br />
liget (CB): 'turning of the head': lemiget (l-em-iget) 'turn the head'; <br />
liget liget <br />
'turn the head this way and lhal repeatedly'; <br />
ligeten (ligct-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of liget' <br />
liip (CB): 'sound made by contracting the lips and sucking in the <br />
breath <br />
forcefully, as in pain or when tasting something with <br />
an intensely bitter or <br />
sweet quality: smack the lips' <br />
lili: 'covetous (after things)' (cf. manga) <br />
limeh 'five' <br />
lino: 'calm and clear, of water (esp. in a paddy field)' <br />
linuh: 'thought, sentiment: the shuddering feeling experienced <br />
when someone <br />
scratches bamboo with the fingernails': ngelinuh <br />
(ng-linuh) 'to think' <br />
lipa (JU): (see lipeh) <br />
lipang: (?): I. pade: 'rice with empty husk (no grain inside)' <br />
lipeh (CB): 'side, as of the body' <br />
lipen: 'tooth' <br />
lipi: 'thin, of materials' (cf. nipi, rugu?) <br />
li?a: louse egg, nit' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, tumeh) <br />
, <br />
li?ip: 'shoulder blade, scapula' <br />
li?o: 'crystal clear, as water that one can see through to <br />
the bottom'; keli?o <br />
(ke-li?o) 'understand': ngeli?o (i]-keli?o) 'know' <br />
liu? (JU): 'slippery' <br />
lobang: 'hole' (Malay loan): lobang lalid 'aperture of the ear' <br />
(cf. lubang) <br />
luang: 'fish'; 1. pelian 'large fish that is caught with the <br />
use of tubeh. This is <br />
the largest fish in thp Bario area, and the most <br />
important fish eaten by the <br />
Kelabit people' <br />
lubang ruma?: 'individual door or compartment in the longhouse' (probably <br />
= <br />
lobang) <br />
lubid (JU): 'act of rolling over'; ngelubid (ng-lubid) 'roll something <br />
over (as a <br />
log)' (cf. rier) <br />
ludek: 'mud' <br />
lueng: 'dent, depression'; ngelueng (ng-lueng) 'to dent, make a <br />
dent or depression <br />
in something' <br />
luka?: 'fall (while on the ground), slip and fall down' (cf. <br />
petedheng, tutu?) <br />
Iuko?: 'rolled tobacco' (cf. siguk) <br />
lulud: 'shin' <br />
lulun: 'a roll of something': linulun (I-in-ulun) 'was rolled up <br />
by'; ngelulun (ng- <br />
lulun) 'roll up (a mat, tobacco leaf, etc.)' <br />
lumut: 'moss' <br />
lun: 'person, people (in certain expressions only)' <br />
lunek: 'thick, juicy lining inside the seed coat in a jack:fruit' <br />
lunu?: 'gums' <br />
lunging: 'rice mortar' <br />
lungun(CB): 'coffin (term used by older generation)' (cf. benang) <br />
lupa (JU): 'naked' (cf. uang uang) <br />
lupu (I'M): to overflow, boil over (of liquids, in cooking)' (cf. ubhir) <br />
lupuk: 'blister' <br />
lupung: 'a float; lo floal (as a dead leaf)'; lemupung (l-em-upung) <br />
'to float (as a <br />
fish)' (cf. belel) <br />
lu?eh: 'sleepiness'; lu?eh lu?eh 'sleepy'; ngelu?eh (ng-lu?eh) 'be <br />
sleepy' <br />
lutak: 'muddy, dirty (from work or play)' (cf. luyu?) <br />
lutut: 'muddy (of unclear water)' <br />
luud (CB): (?): luud luud 'slide back and forth while sitting' <br />
luun: 'on, upon'; peluun (pe-luun) 'above' <br />
luyu?: 'dirty, untidy' (cf. lutak) <br />
<br />
M<br />
<br />
mabuk (CB): 'drunk' <br />
mado: 'far' (cf. muneng) <br />
madu: 'forehead' <br />
mae? (JLJ): 'to love' (cf. mawa) <br />
majan: 'papaya' (see bua?) <br />
malem: 'several days ago; dark (used in this sense only by older <br />
generation <br />
according to CB)'; ngi malem 'yesterday' (cf. alem; ngilad) <br />
rnameg (JU): 'slap someone on the back accidentally' <br />
manuk: 'bird': m.elung 'jungle fowl' <br />
manga: 'greedy (for food; cf. lili)' <br />
ma?un: 'first (in a contest); old (of things)'; pema?un (pe-ma?un) 'in <br />
front <br />
of, ahead of (cf. dadan, ngered) <br />
marih: 'come' <br />
manin: 'color of the smoke-darkened area around a fireplace' <br />
mata?: 'raw, unripe, uncooked' <br />
mateh: 'eye' <br />
matu?1: 'approach, move toward something as a result of definite, <br />
intentional <br />
action' <br />
matu?2: look after someone (as a child); observe' <br />
mawa (PM): 'surprised' <br />
mawan(CB): 'seen, visible' <br />
mayad (JU): leak out little by little, as rice from a hole in a basket' (cf. <br />
rurug) <br />
maya?: 'direction; follow; in accordance with' <br />
mayung: 'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
me1: 'and, with' <br />
me2: 'go. go to'; mine(m-in-e) 'went. went to' (cf. eme) <br />
mededhen: 'work at something, as a craft (cf. edhen) <br />
medueh: 'you (dual)' (cf. meteluh, muyub) <br />
meghel (CB): 'stay with a small child to make him sleep' <br />
mekaar: 'wind wire or rattan around something' <br />
meker: 'have something stuck in the throat' (cf. kedelan, pekan) <br />
mekud: 'poke someone or something that is above you (fruit, person, <br />
object <br />
lodged in a tree branch) with a stick to make it fall or <br />
come down' <br />
mela1: 'cleared, of an area in the jungle' <br />
mela2: 'to massage' <br />
melepet: 'to corrupt the form of a word' <br />
meliun: 'million' (English loan) <br />
melukung: 'carry a child, basket or anything non-elongated on the <br />
shoulders' <br />
menad: 'climb stairs or a tree' <br />
menaken: 'nephew, niece' (see anak) <br />
menebhur: 'rice porridge' <br />
menegeg: 'mythical monster that lives in rivers and lakes' <br />
menegeg: 'hornbill sp.' (cf. metuy, temengang) <br />
menerang: 'poisonous snake, type of cobra' <br />
menipal: 'generic term for poisonous insects and other creepy-crawly <br />
creatures <br />
(including centipedes, scorpions, spiders)'; m. kera? <br />
'scorpion' <br />
menul: 'push something standing upright' (cf. eduh) <br />
meri (JU): 'dried up. as a stream' <br />
metanur: 'chase (as an animal in the hunt)' <br />
metapu? (JU): 'to marry, be married; to add' <br />
metatad (JU): 'remind .someone to do something' <br />
meteluh: 'you (trial)' (cf. medueh, muyuh) <br />
meti? (CB): 'to kick' <br />
meto: 'pigeon with metallic greenish breast' (cf. kukur) <br />
mututub: hit someone else's face on the foor (as in a fight)' <br />
metuy: 'hrnbill sp. with long tail feathers' (cf. menengang, <br />
temengang) <br />
midang (CB): 'sunlight, daylight'; beruh m. 'daylight hours from about 8 to 10 <br />
<br />
in the morning': me m. 'to go dry something-in the sun' <br />
(cf. edhang1, idang) <br />
midih: (cf. nuk) <br />
midheh: 'first; once, cut through wood with a single stroke' (cf. <br />
edheh, kanid) <br />
migu? (JU): 'ashamed' <br />
mija (CB): 'table' (Malay loan) <br />
milem: 'purple, color of a bruise, "black and blue' "(cf. direm) <br />
milo: 'glaring, of bright sunlight on the surface of water' (cf. <br />
silo) <br />
miluh(CB): 'eat something poisonous so as to become sick and vomit' <br />
mubud (CB): 'pour water into a pot' <br />
mubut (CB): 'step on something (as a nail) that pierces the foot' <br />
mudang (JU): 'stay at home when one would normally go out, as during work- <br />
ing hours' <br />
mudhih: 'behind, last'; pemudhih (pe-mudhih) 'at the back, behind' <br />
mueh: 'pimple' (cf. gatel) <br />
muh: '2sg. agent and possessor: you, your' <br />
mukul (PM): 'disposition'; da?et mukul lazy'; doo? mukul 'diligent' (cf. <br />
eghul, ukul) <br />
mula?: 'much, many' <br />
muli?: 'return home' <br />
muned (CB): 'correct' (= connected with uned 'middle'?) <br />
muneng: 'near' (cf. mado) <br />
muno: 'behavior, sense of how to behave': na?em muno 'foolish (of a <br />
child)' <br />
(cf. serawe) <br />
munung: 'face' <br />
mupun (CB): 'grandchild' <br />
mura? (JU): 'transfer' <br />
murat: to bleed'(cf. dara?) <br />
muru?: 'wash (dishes, hands)' (cf. pupu?) <br />
mutuh: 'to ask, request something (an object, favor, etc.)' <br />
muut: 'turn around and go back' <br />
muyuh: 'you (pl.)'; dimuyuh (idih-muyuh?) 'yours' (cf. medueh, meteluh) <br />
<br />
N<br />
<br />
nakan: 'small jackfruit variety' (see bua?) <br />
namuk: 'sandfly' (cf. tukung) <br />
nanan (CB): 'kind of stinging insect' <br />
nana?: 'pus' <br />
nani: 'sing'; menani (me-nani?) (CB) 'sing' (Malay loan) <br />
nange: 'there (where the receiver is, esp. the receiver of a letter)' (cf. <br />
ngi engi, <br />
ng-ineh) <br />
na?an: 'soon, near future (within the same day or hour)' (cf. riak) <br />
na?eh: 'just now, a moment ago' <br />
na?em: 'no, none, don't have' <br />
na?ul: 'throw away rubbish' <br />
nari (CB): 'to measure' <br />
natad: 'open ground near the longhouse where children like to play <br />
spinning <br />
tops' <br />
nateng: 'dammar, tree resin (burned in torches)' <br />
nauk(CB): 'boiling, starting to bubble' <br />
naun: 'steam: <br />
neh1: 'already' <br />
neh2: '3sg, agent and possessor; him, his, her, hers. It, Its' <br />
nekebher: 'to flap or flutter a few times, as a bird flapping its wings before <br />
flying' (cf. kelab) <br />
nekilo1: 'frighten birds or animals (but not people)' <br />
nekilo2: 'just barely glimpsed, as a fish under the water' <br />
nepipin (JU): 'arrange, put in order' <br />
nesinge?: 'to low, of a carabao' <br />
nipi: 'thin, of materials (less common than lipi, q.v.)' <br />
nituh: 'section of housepost from the betadan upward' <br />
nuba?: 'cooked rice' <br />
nuk: 'thing, substance'; n. kenen 'food'; n. midih 'property' <br />
nukat: 'to dig' <br />
nulis: 'write' (Malay loan; cf. ayud, urit) <br />
nutud (CD): to burn' <br />
nutun (CB): 'to taste, try, challenge' <br />
nutuy (JU): 'in travelling, stay behind someone who is slow to keep him or her <br />
moving' <br />
nabang: 'ambush someone' <br />
ngadan: 'name'; petengadan (pep-te-ngadan) name-calling, calling one <br />
another <br />
names'; tengadan (te-ngadan)'be given a name' <br />
ngadel: 'dull, blunt' <br />
ngae: 'slow' <br />
ngae?1: 'hummingbird' <br />
ngae?2: 'pity. sympathy'; ng. ada? 'pity his soul!; pity him!' <br />
ngai: 'sound of a baby crying (onom.)' <br />
ngale: 'fox' <br />
nganga: 'gape (n)': nganga nganga 'open and close the mouth habitually or <br />
<br />
involuntarily' (cf. tenganga) <br />
ngangeh: 'mouth of bubuh fish trap' <br />
ngapeh: 'where?' (cf. ebheh) <br />
nga?eh: 'horn' (cf.(aduk) <br />
ngaro: 'snatch something from someone' <br />
ngaur (CO): 'remove rice from the pot and wrap it after cooking' <br />
ngayung: 'recite an incantation over a sick: person to assist his <br />
recovery' <br />
ng?: 'sound of a carabao lowing (onom.)' <br />
ngegha, (CB): 'rub the eyes, as when something has gotten inside and is <br />
irritating them' <br />
ngeh: 'ligature linking lower numerals with pulu?, ratu or ribuh' <br />
ngelab (CB): 'apply a poultice' <br />
ngele: 'pick the weak point in the line when fighting the enemy' <br />
ngeletad: 'make a backward stroke with the leg, of fighting cocks' (cf, <br />
teletad) <br />
ngelima: 'rub something between the palms of the hands' <br />
ngen1: 'and, with' <br />
ngen2: 'particle preceding personal names and titles' <br />
ngen3: 'to' <br />
ngena? (JU): 'recede, of the river' (cf. lena?) <br />
ngeraad: 'to hunt with spears and dogs' (cf. badil) <br />
ngeramit: 'scratch hard (as a cat)' (cf. karo) <br />
ngered: 'old (people): almost ripe (fruits)' (cf. dadan, ma?un) <br />
ngeren : 'pregnant, of people (more polite than malih)' <br />
ngerimer (JU): 'to wrinkle something' <br />
ngerurung: 'rinse, wash out the mouth or other object that is not scrubbed out <br />
<br />
with the hand, but rather rinsed out with water' <br />
ngi: 'at; of; about'; ngengi (ngi engi) ''there (not near addressee)'; <br />
ngineh (ngi ineh) <br />
'there, at that place (near addressee)': nginih (ngi inih) <br />
'here, at this place': <br />
ngilai (ngi lai) 'outside' <br />
ngiet: 'tie something so that it hangs down' <br />
ngiil: 'to lick' <br />
gilad: 'several days ago (further in the past than malem)' <br />
ngilan1(PM): 'crop of a bird' <br />
ngilan2: 'pith of a corn kernal' <br />
ngilang (JU): to soothe, as a crying child' <br />
ngilud (CB): 'burn a pig to remove the skin' <br />
ngitel: 'to pinch' <br />
nguam (CB): 'strike someone with a downward blow of the fist' (cf. bukut) <br />
ngudeh: 'why?' <br />
ngukab (CD): 'to open, as a door' <br />
ngukul: 'poke into any kind of hole with a finger, stick, etc.' <br />
ngupat: 'answer, respond to (an accusation, etc.)' <br />
ngusu: 'push something .into' <br />
ngusul : let or cause something to slide lengthwise (as someone sliding a log <br />
<br />
down a hill)' <br />
<br />
<br />
P<br />
<br />
paad: level cut as at the end of a piece of lumber: same': paad paad 'go <br />
together, match, be compatible (as personalities)'; piaaad <br />
(p-in-aad) 'friend' <br />
(cf. kawan) <br />
padang (CB): 'field' <br />
pade: 'riceplant, rice in the field' <br />
padek: 'rice husk (collective term)' (cf. kulit) <br />
padi: 'brush against when passing' <br />
paet(CB): 'chisel' (cf. pa?et) <br />
pajar (CB): 'lean on'; majar (ng-pajar)'to lean something on something else' <br />
pajung: 'flattery'; majung (ng-pajung) 'to flatter' <br />
pakay (CB): 'to use' (Malay loan) <br />
pakel (IV): 'decorative binding of palm fibers worn just under the knee' <br />
pako?: 'a nail' (loan, probably from Malay); mako? (ng-pako?)'to <br />
nail, ham- <br />
mer a nail' <br />
pakub: 'a knock; a striking together (of two objects, people colliding, <br />
etc,)'; <br />
makub (ng-pakub) 'knock, strike together' <br />
palad (CB): 'palm of the hand, sole of the foot' (cf. penalad) <br />
palang: 'a cross' <br />
palid: 'blown away, as papers in the wind'; malid (ng-palid) 'let <br />
something be <br />
blown away by the wind' (malid pade 'winnow rice by <br />
tossing the grains in <br />
the air on a winnowing basket so that the wind will carry <br />
off the husk') <br />
pali? (JU): 'heal' (cf. kibet) <br />
paluh: 'flour made from the pith of a thorny palm, acquired in trade <br />
from the <br />
Penan' <br />
pana1: 'slingshot' <br />
pana2 (PM): 'sweat' <br />
pana?: 'act of spinning, as a top'; mana? (ng-pana?) 'spin a top at <br />
someone <br />
else's top to hit it and knock it out; hit and sting, of <br />
bees in a swarm striking <br />
one by one'; pinana? (p-in-ana?) 'preterite passive of <br />
mana?' s <br />
panid (JU): 'enough; everyone' (cf. sukup) <br />
pango: 'bald' (cf. butal) <br />
pa?eh: 'thigh' <br />
pa?en1: 'areca palm and nut' <br />
pa?en2: 'carrying stick'; ma?en (ng-pa?en) 'carry something long on the <br />
shoulders <br />
pa?et: 'chisel (cf. paet) <br />
pa?id: 'duster, mop, anything used to wipe; accidental wiping':; <br />
ma?id <br />
(ng-pa?id) 'wipe'; pina?id (p-in-a?id) 'was wiped by' <br />
pa?it: 'bitter' <br />
pa?uh: 'fern that grows by the riverbank' <br />
paran (CB): 'traditional upper class in native social system' (cf. demulun) <br />
para?: latex' <br />
parir: 'poison (any poison, including that for blowpipe darts)'; <br />
marir (ng-parir) <br />
'poisonous' (cf. rasun) <br />
pasiw: 'sold'; masiw (ng-pasiw) 'to sell', pepasiw (pep-pasiw) 'to <br />
trade, sell to <br />
one another'; pinasiw (p-in-asiw) 'was sold by' <br />
patar: 'alluvial plain' <br />
pate (CB): 'death of someone'; perepate (pere-pate) 'commit suicide ' (cf. <br />
ate2) <br />
patot(IV): 'to mate (used for animals; vulgar if used for humans)' (cf. <br />
kenu?, <br />
sait) <br />
patuk: 'sharpened and of arrow; arrowhead (of tin)' <br />
patun: 'a dam' <br />
pau: 'broken through (as a dam), penetrated'; mau (ng-pau) 'push a <br />
sharp point <br />
through' <br />
pawat: large fruit bat, flying fox' (cf. kekelit) <br />
payeh: 'watery, swamp-like area in the jungle' <br />
payo: 'deer'; p. runga? 'kind of deer with horns' (cf. tela?o) <br />
payung(CB): 'umbrella' (Malay loan; cf. ra?ung) <br />
pe-: 'locative particle' (see dingi, liang, luun, ma?un, mudhih) <br />
pebhed1(CB): 'end, extremity' (cf. peped) <br />
pebhed2(JU); 'way of tying' kepebhed (ke-pebhed) 'act of tying' (cf. bebhed) <br />
pedala?(JLJ): 'casting net'; medala? (ng-pedala?) 'to fish with casting net' <br />
(Malay loan) <br />
pededhan (CB): 'put something on top of something else, as the right foot on <br />
the left knee when silting with legs crossed' <br />
pedekan (PM): 'to choke' <br />
pedeket: 'hem, stitch, line of sewing on clothes'; medeket <br />
(ng-pedeket) 'to <br />
sew'; pindeket (p-in-e-deket) 'was sewed by' <br />
pedhi?: 'salty' <br />
peduh: 'gall, gall bladder'; na?em pedhuh 'idiotic, inconsiderate' <br />
pegamung: 'twisted or tangled, as thread or hairs'; megamung (ng-pegamung) <br />
'twist or tangle up something, as thread or hairs'; <br />
pinggamung (p-in-egarnung) <br />
'was twisted or tangled by' (cf. garnung, with which this <br />
form probably is <br />
related) <br />
peh1: 'so far, til now' <br />
peh2: 'so that, in order to' <br />
pejadi? (CB): 'to promise' (Malay loan) <br />
pekaa? (JU): 'changing, as a name'; mekaa? (ng-pekaa?) 'change' <br />
pekak: 'cackling'; nepekak (ne-pekak) 'to cackle, of a hen about to <br />
lay an egg <br />
or a chicken that is disturbed' <br />
* <br />
pekakang : 'be spread apart, stretched (of forceps that have been forced <br />
apart)'; <br />
mekakang (ng-pekakang) 'to spread or force apart, of <br />
forceps' <br />
pekatu: 'always, continually' (see katu) <br />
pekekeng: 'feel stiff or numb after sitting in one position for a long <br />
time' <br />
pekeneh(JU): 'believe' <br />
pekubul: 'cockfight' <br />
pekupat: 'turned contrary to the way it should be, as a person lying <br />
with his <br />
head at the foot of the bed': mekupat (ng-pekupat) <br />
'turn in a contrary <br />
manner': pekupat (pep-kupat) 'turn each other in <br />
a contrary manner': <br />
pingkupat (p-in-ekupat) 'was turned in a contrary <br />
manner by' <br />
pekutang: lying across or athwart, as a tree that has fallen across a <br />
path': <br />
ng-pekutang 'to stretch (a cable, etc.) across <br />
something' <br />
pelaba: 'very, extremely' (cf. laba) <br />
pelian: (see luang) j <br />
peliw (JU): 'slip from dne's grasp, as something that is too heavy to <br />
hold' (cf. <br />
beliw) <br />
pelubed: 'bent opposite to its usual position, as when the wind bends <br />
the <br />
leaves of a riceplant back, or when one's wrist is bent <br />
back; go to and fro in <br />
one day' <br />
peman (CB): 'feed'; meman (ng-peman) 'to feed (as a mother feeding her <br />
child)': pepeman (pep-peman) 'feed one another'; piman <br />
(p-e-i-man) 'was <br />
fed by' I <br />
penagan (CB): 'chopping board for meal' <br />
penalad: 'palm. sole', penalad kukud 'sole of the foot': penalad <br />
tidhu? 'palm <br />
of the hand' (cf. palad) <br />
penan: 'to feed'; berek penan 'domesticated pig (= pig to be fed)' <br />
<br />
peno (CB): 'theft; way of stealing'; meno (ng-peno) 'to steal'; pino <br />
(p-e-i-no) <br />
'was stolen by' <br />
penu?: 'full (as a basket or bag)'; menu? (ng-penu?) 'to fill': <br />
pinu?(p-i- <br />
nu?) 'preterite passive of menu?' <br />
pengeh: 'finishing': mengeh (ng-pengeh) 'to finish something'; <br />
pingeh (pe-i-ngeh) <br />
'preterite passive of mengeh' (cf. abi) <br />
penginud (JU): 'speech, parable, story with a moral' <br />
pengi?: 'clitoris'(cf.atet) <br />
peng?ulo?: 'goverment-appointed leader' (Malay loan) <br />
pepag (CB): 'a slap'; kepepag (ke-pepag) 'slapping (as a habitual <br />
aclion)'; <br />
mepag (g-pepag) 'lo slap', pemepag (peng-pepag) <br />
'thing used for slapping'; <br />
pepegag (pep-pepag) 'slap one another'; pipag <br />
(p-e-i-pag) 'was slapped by' <br />
pepang (CB): 'path made by hacking vegetation as one moves through the <br />
jungle'; mepang (ng-pepag) 'make a path by hacking <br />
vegetation as one <br />
moves through the jungle' <br />
peped: 'end (of a thing or action)' (of. pebhed) <br />
pepen: 'a cover, hidden'; mepen (ng-pepen) to cover (of food, <br />
etc.. but not of <br />
a hole); to hide,': pipen (p-e-i-pen) 'was covered <br />
by, was hidden by' <br />
pepepak: 'game in which people try to run through a rectangular area <br />
that is <br />
marked off into squares, each of which is guarded by <br />
someone' (connected <br />
with epak?) <br />
perada?: 'to jog. trot' (cf. upun) <br />
pera?it1: 'raft'; mera?it (ng-pera?it) 'make a raft' (cf. ra?it) <br />
pera?it2: 'strong thunder, thunderclap' <br />
peraruh (PM): 'mistaken', (cf. raruh) <br />
peredhep: 'close the eyes' (cf. nekedhep) <br />
peregai? (JU): 'talk at the same time (of two or more persons)' <br />
perek: 'oppressive, as a stuffy or overcrowded room; squeezing'; <br />
merek (ng- <br />
perek) 'to squeeze'; pirek (p-e-i-rek) 'was squeezed <br />
by' <br />
peretak: 'beans': p. jawa 'French beans'; p. kadang 'long beans'; <br />
p.dari small <br />
green beans' <br />
pering : 'dry, of material; thirsty'; mering (ng-pering) 'to dry <br />
something' (cf. <br />
rikan, tekeru? ) <br />
pesih: (?); pesih pesih 'pretend not to notice, ignore' <br />
peta: 'strings of beads worn around the head; skullcap of <br />
straw or animal skin <br />
with or without beadwork, worn only by women' <br />
petad (JU): 'separation)': metad (ng-petad) 'to separate': pitad <br />
(pe-i-tad) 'was <br />
separated by' <br />
petedheng(CB): 'trip and fall' (cf. luka?, tutu?) <br />
petuk: 'bump one's head when standing up in a room with a low <br />
ceiling; reach <br />
a desired level when lifting something' <br />
pian: 'want, desire'; pinian (p-in-ian) 'a want, a desire' <br />
pia.?: 'a sneeze'; nepia? (ne-pia?) 'to sneeze' <br />
pika?(JU): 'to limp' <br />
piket (JU): 'catch up with someone' (cf. tiket) <br />
pilang: 'striped, banded'; <br />
pili?(CB): 'choice'; mill? (ng-pili?) 'choose'; penili? (p-in-ili?) <br />
'was chosen <br />
by' <br />
pino: 'needle' <br />
pingit: 'cheek' <br />
pingur: 'echo'; tepingur (te-pingur) 'echoing back and forth, <br />
full of echoes'; <br />
petepingur (pep-te-p}r)ur ) 'make echoes at each <br />
other by calling out': <br />
(marginal form); simpingur (t-in-e-pir)ur) 'was <br />
used to make echoes, of a <br />
thing' (marginal form) <br />
pipeh: 'having two sides, as right and left, inside and <br />
outside, etc.' <br />
pipih: 'interior wall in the longhouse' <br />
pirek: 'silver' (probably a Malay loan) <br />
pirit: 'small bird with long beak, rice bird' <br />
pisang: 'knicked (of the lip of a jar), torn (of an earlobe in <br />
which a decorative <br />
plug has been inserted and then torn loose)' <br />
puar(CB): (see denganeh) <br />
pudik (CB): 'way or manner of swimming using full arm strokes'; mudik <br />
(ng-pudik) 'swim using full arm strokes' <br />
pudut: 'shape, form, appearance'; mudut (ng-pudut) 'shape <br />
something': pi- <br />
nudut (p-in-udut) 'was shaped by'; doo? pudut <br />
'beautiful' (cf. ribed) <br />
pued: 'navel' <br />
puer: 'incision, as in an operation'; muer (ng-puer) <br />
'operate, perform surgery' <br />
puet: 'buttocks; bottom, foundation'; lobng.puet 'anus' (cf. <br />
tebhing) <br />
pulang (JU): 'ringworm' (cf, kuri) <br />
puluh: 'bamboo shoot' <br />
pulung: 'forest'; lem pului) 'in the forest' (cf. ulur)) <br />
pulu?: 'ten' <br />
pulut: 'glue, anything sticky; bird lime (obtained from the <br />
fruit of a tree)'; <br />
mulut (ng-pulut) 'to glue something, stick <br />
something on something else', <br />
pinulut (p-in-ulut) 'was glued to' <br />
puneng: 'headwaters of a river' <br />
pupud: 'tracking of an animal'; mupud (ng-pupud) 'to track an <br />
animal'; <br />
pinupud (p-in-upud) 'was tracked by'; pupud pupud <br />
'change one's mind on <br />
second thought' <br />
pupun (CB): 'covering of something, as with a cloth or by heaping soil <br />
on it'; <br />
mupun (ng-pupun) 'cover something' <br />
pupu?: 'thing used to hit; hitting, washing of clothes'; <br />
kepupu? (ke-pupu?) <br />
'washing (as a habitual activity)'; mupu? <br />
(ng-pupu?)'to hit, wash clothes'; <br />
pemupu? (peng-pupu?) 'thing used to hit'; pepu?en <br />
(pupu?-en) 'things to <br />
be washed: aorist passive of mupu?' (cf. bupu?, <br />
muru?) <br />
pu?ar (CD): 'leaning back'; mu?ar (ng-pu?ar) 'lean back' <br />
pu?un: 'origin, beginning (used when introducing a <br />
conversational subject); <br />
first'; p. kayuh 'base of a tree (part which enters <br />
the ground)' <br />
puteng : 'fall short'; muteng (ng-puteng) 'make something fall <br />
short'; p. linuh <br />
'impatient'; p.nial quick-tempered' <br />
putuh: 'asking'; mutuh (ng-putuh) 'to ask'; pinutuh <br />
(p-in-utuh) 'was asked by' <br />
putul: 'broken, of something hard'; mutul (ng-putul) 'to <br />
break'; pinutul <br />
(p-in-utul) 'was broken by' (cf. putut) <br />
putut: 'broken, of something long and soft, as string'; mutut <br />
(ng-putut) 'break'; <br />
pinutut (p-in-utut) 'was broken by'; p. niat <br />
'taking one's last breath' (cf. <br />
putul) <br />
puun (CB): 'hill' (cf. apad, buduk) <br />
puung: 'animal' <br />
<br />
<br />
R<br />
raka?: 'dead twig' (cf. da?ar) <br />
ramay(CB): lively, enjoying oneselF (Malay loan) <br />
ramut: 'fibrous roots, as of grass, rice or coconut trees' (cf. labing, <br />
uat) <br />
ranih: 'harvest'; peranih (pe-ranih) 'the small bamboo or iron knife <br />
used to <br />
remove the rice head in harvesting; the harvest'; rinanih <br />
(r-in-anih) 'was <br />
harvested by' <br />
ra?an: 'gradual slope, side of a mountain' (cf. alid, beribhi) <br />
ra?en: light (in weight )' <br />
ra?it: 'raft'; ngera?it (ng-ra?it) 'travel by raft (cf. pera?it) <br />
ra?o: 'cork; palm wood used to make blowpipe darts' <br />
ra?ung (CB): large round sun hat: umbrella' <br />
rara(CB): 'rafters' <br />
raruh (JU): losing of something'; neraruh (ne-raruh) loit'; ngeraruh <br />
(ng-raruh) <br />
'lose something' (cf . peraruh) <br />
raseb: loud banging noise, as that made when children run on planks of <br />
longhouse' <br />
rasun: 'poison' (Malay loan; cf. parir) <br />
ratu: 'milk (human and animal)' <br />
ratan: leaking (as a roof or bucket)' <br />
ratu: 'hundred' <br />
raut: 'to play' <br />
rawir: 'long, as a story, road, piece of string' <br />
rayeh: 'big, great, physically large (people or things); old (people)' <br />
rebun: 'smoke' <br />
redhan: 'passed out, fainted' (cf. kenaman) <br />
redhang: 'the structure formed by parasitic plants on a tree; a structure <br />
built <br />
around a fruiting tree to protect it from marauders'; <br />
ngeredhang (ng-redhang) <br />
'put branches around the trunk of one's fruit trees when <br />
they are bearing, or <br />
pile up rubbish in the fork of a branch so that others will <br />
not climb the trees <br />
to take the fruit' (cf. deredhang) <br />
redheng: 'spit'; ngeredheng (ng-redheng) 'to spit' (cf. edheng2, lidha?) <br />
redhep: 'closing of the eyes'; ngeredhep (ng-redhep) 'close the eyes' (cf. <br />
<br />
peredhep) <br />
rekeb: 'cave in, collapse' <br />
reken: 'coiled rattan base on which hot cooking pots are placed' <br />
renaran: 'storage places for split firewood above the fireplace' <br />
renareng: 'beam on which the beladan is laid in the construction of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
repured: 'spot on the head out of which the hair grows spirally' <br />
rera?: 'ant'; r. ane 'termite' <br />
rerek: 'incision made in the throat of a pig or chicken in <br />
slaughtering'; ngererek <br />
(ng-rerek) 'to slaughter pigs or chickens by slitting the <br />
throat'; rirek <br />
(r-e-i-rek) 'was slaughtered by' <br />
rereng1: 'charcoal (general term)' (cf. adeng) <br />
refereng2 (PM): 'putting down'; ngerereng) (ng-rereng) 'put something down' <br />
riak: 'future (beginning the following day)' (cf. na?an) <br />
ribed: 'pretty, beautiful, of people or things' (cf. pudut) <br />
ribun: 'thousand' <br />
riek: 'a cough' <br />
rier: 'to turn, roll'; berier (be-rier) 'to roll as a result of <br />
human agency, as a <br />
log being rolled by someone'; binrier (b-in-e-rier) 'was <br />
rolled by'; ngerier <br />
(ng-rier) 'to turn or roll something'; remier (r-em-ier) <br />
'to roll without the <br />
intervention of a human agent, as a log rolling of its own <br />
accord; turn the <br />
body': rinier (r-in-ier) 'was turned or rolled by' (cf. <br />
lubid) <br />
rikan: 'dry, of the weather' (cf. pering, tekeru?) <br />
rimod: 'smile'; nerimod (ne-rimod) 'to smile'; rimod rimod 'always <br />
smiling <br />
rina?e: 'health, condition' <br />
rinuh: 'winnowing basket <br />
rigit: 'money' (Malay loan) <br />
ri?er: 'neck' <br />
riruh: 'to laugh'; ngeriruh (ng-riruh) 'make someone laugh'; <br />
periruh (pep-riruh) <br />
laugh at one another; make one another laugh'; riniruh <br />
(r-in-inib) 'preterite <br />
passive of ngeriruh' <br />
rua? (see ate1) <br />
rudang: 'dead leaf (cf. da?un) <br />
rudap: 'sleep'; ngerudap (ng-rudap)' put someone (as a child) to <br />
sleep': rinudap <br />
(r-in-udap) 'was put to sleep by': me rudap 'stay <br />
overnight in the jungle, as <br />
when out hunting' (cf. lu?eh) ' <br />
rudheng: 'phlegm (after it has been expectorated): slimy, oily' <br />
rugi? (CB): loss, as in business'; ngerugi? (ng-rugi?) 'outwit someone in <br />
business, profit at someone else's expense' (Malay loan) <br />
rugu?: 'thin (people, animals)' <br />
ruked: (?): ruked ruked 'forever' <br />
ruma?: longhouse' (rumah kadang is now used to distinguish the <br />
longhouse <br />
from a single-family house) <br />
runga?: (see payo) <br />
runguh: 'head of rice plant' (cf. genuluh) <br />
ru?eb: 'waterfall' <br />
rurug (JU): 'come out all at once, as when pouring something that you want <br />
to <br />
come out slowly'; ngerurug (ng-rurug) 'pour out something <br />
(as fruit from a <br />
basket)'; remurug (r-em-urug) 'to drop, of leaves <br />
or fruit'; renurug <br />
(r-en-urug) 'preterite passive of ngerurug' (cf. mayad) <br />
rurut (JU): 'descent'; remurut (r-em-urut) 'come down, descend' <br />
ruuk: 'chest' <br />
ruyung: 'share a residence with'; lun ruyung (JU) 'relatives' <br />
<br />
<br />
S<br />
sabun: 'soap' (Malay loan) <br />
saget(CB): 'quick, quickly' <br />
sait: 'a lover, paramour''; pesait (pep-sait) 'to have sexual <br />
intercourse (refined <br />
expression)' (cf. kenu?, patot) <br />
sakol: 'hoe': nakol (ng-sakol) 'to hoe': sinakol (s-in-akol) 'was <br />
hoed by' <br />
(Malay loan; cf. sakul) <br />
sakul (CD): (Malay loan; cf. sakol) <br />
sala? (CD): 'wrong' <br />
sangen: 'menses, menstruation' <br />
sapa?: 'shirt; s. talun 'buckskin shirt traditionally worn by both <br />
sexes' (cf. <br />
kuyu?) <br />
sapeh: 'which, which one?' <br />
saweng: 'inability to see in the dark, night blindness <br />
sedero: 'watering, tearing (of the eyes) <br />
segerang (CB): 'ribs' <br />
segeri: 'weak and thin because of sickness <br />
segumen: 'eaves of the longhouse roof <br />
sekenan: 'remember' <br />
selanguy: 'snake (generic)' <br />
selapang: 'shotgun' (Malay loan) <br />
selengu: 'to shed, of a snake shedding its old skin' (cf. lengu) <br />
selengut: 'bamboo nose flute' <br />
seli: 'lower part of the leg to the outside of the shin bone <br />
(considered es- <br />
pecially vulnerable to attack in a fight) <br />
seluar (CB): 'trousers ' (Malay loan) <br />
selubid: lie down' <br />
selud: 'to slide (as children sliding down a hillside)' <br />
semera?: 'lead(metal)' <br />
senape (CB): 'kind of rice cake made by boiling rice wrapped in leaves' <br />
sena?ih: 'intestines' (cf. sina?ih) <br />
senien (JU): 'catfish' <br />
senula? (CB): (see sinula?) <br />
senu?eh: 'right side' pesenu?eh (pe-senu?eh) 'on the right side' <br />
sepa?(CB): 'betel quid' <br />
serawe(JU): 'behavior'; raruh serawe 'mad, crazy, insane' (cf. muno) <br />
seremu?uh: 'appearance'; da?et seremu?uh 'bad appearance, untidy' <br />
seruga: Heaven (Malay loan) <br />
sia?: 'red' ; s. bareh 'very red, glowing red' <br />
siguk: 'tobacco' (cf. luko?) <br />
silen: 'string used to hold up swimming trunks, etc.' <br />
silo: 'shiny, of the surface of a lake, table, etc.' (cf. milo) <br />
simun: 'cucumber'; simun ala? 'watermelon' <br />
sinan (CB): 'female (animals)' (see berek, cf. dedhur) <br />
sina?: 'mother, MZ, FZ (address/vocative)' (cf. sineh, tesineh) <br />
sina?ih: 'intestines, guts'; na?em sina?ih 'cowardly' (cf. sena?ih) <br />
sineh1 (CB): 'demonstrative particle' <br />
sineh2: 'title for married women; Mrs.' (see sina?, tesineh) <br />
sinula?: 'bereaved'; dedhur s. 'widow', dela?i s. 'widower' <br />
sinung: 'happy: successful, as a wealthy man or a student in school' <br />
(JU): s. tu- <br />
nang 'very happy', kesinungan (ke-sinung-an) 'happiness' <br />
(Malay loan?: cf. <br />
tunang) <br />
singel: 'constriction, narrowing' <br />
sipen: 'rice that is already on the iung and in the process of being <br />
pounded' <br />
si?er: 'eyesight'; ni?er (ng-si?er)'.see,look at'; pe-si?er <br />
(pep-si?er) 'look at one <br />
another'; sini?er (s-in-i?er) 'was seen, looked at <br />
by'; siren (si?er-en) <br />
'aorisi passive of ni?er' <br />
si?it: 'few'; s. ketuh atuk 'very few' (cf. i?it, kedi?it) <br />
siri: 'straight, upright (indefinitely long)'; niri <br />
(ng-siri)'straighten' (cf. tuped) <br />
sirut: 'tapering' <br />
sising: 'ring for the finger' (loan, probably from Malay: cf. <br />
tising) <br />
suk(CB): 'relative propoun: which, who' <br />
sukup (CB): 'enough' (Malay loan; cf. panid ) <br />
sunga?ing (JU): 'incubus-ike spirit believed to visit people at night and to <br />
sap their <br />
strength' <br />
surat: letter' (Malay loan) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
T<br />
taang(CB): 'way of mannert of adzing'; naang (ng-taang) 'work wood with an <br />
adze'; <br />
sinaang (t-in-aang) 'pteterite passive of naang' <br />
taban: 'running away with someone or something, kidnapping, elopement': <br />
naban (ng-taban) 'run away with, kidnap, elope with'; <br />
petaban (pep-taban) <br />
'elope'; tebanen (taban-en) 'aorist passive of naban' <br />
tabang (CD): long bamboo section used to carry water' <br />
tabat: 'medicine'; nabat (ng-tabat) 'to treat with medicine, apply <br />
medicine to'; <br />
sinabat (t-in-abat) 'was treated with medicine by' <br />
tabi?: 'greet, shake hands' <br />
tabuh: 'container made from a dried gourd' (see bua?) <br />
tabun: 'heap, pile: covered by something that is heaped up; heap of <br />
dead grass <br />
used by snakes as a nest'; nabun (ng-tabun) 'to heap, pile <br />
up'; sinabun <br />
(t-in-abun) 'was helped or piled up by' <br />
tadem: 'sharp, of a blade'; nadem (ng-tadem) 'sharpen' (cf. asa, i?ir) <br />
taduk: 'rhinoceros horn (used for medicinal purposes)' (cf. nga?eh) <br />
tadur: 'small bridge, as a single log bridge'; nadur (ng-tadur) 'make <br />
a bridge: <br />
cross a bridge'; tadur idhung) 'bridge of the nose' (cf. <br />
ebheng) <br />
tae?: 'feces'; nae?(ng-tae?) 'defecate' (considered substandard <br />
byGT) (cf. <br />
bube?, ta?ih) <br />
ta?it(PM): 'wait'; peta?it(pep-ta?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. a?it) <br />
taka: 'lake' <br />
taked: 'popliteal space, area behind the knee' <br />
takub: 'a patch, pocket'; nakub(ng-takub) 'to patch as torn clothing' <br />
takung: 'pond' (cf. lepeku?) <br />
talun: 'buckskin, treated deerskin used for clothing' <br />
taman (CB): leader of a pack of animals' <br />
tama?: 'father. FB, MB (address/vocative)' (cf. tetameh) <br />
tana?: 'earth; soil; world': t.pulut, t.sia? 'clay' <br />
tanek: 'boiling of water, cooking': nanek (ng-tanek) 'to boil <br />
water, cook <br />
vegetables (GT), boil meat (CB)' (cf. laak, lened) <br />
tanern: 'grave: sunken, as a stick in the ground': nanem (ng-tanern) <br />
'bury': <br />
sinanem (t-in-anem) 'was buried by' <br />
tanep: 'sink, set, disappear from view' (?); t. edho 'direction of <br />
the setting sun' <br />
tange: 'a cry'; nange (ng-tange) 'to cry'; petange (pep-tange) 'make <br />
one another cry': <br />
tange tange 'crying' <br />
tapih1: 'honeycomb' <br />
tapih2: 'protective lining placed in a container (as a leaf in a <br />
cooking pot)' <br />
tapi?: 'cow' (Malay loan) <br />
tapung: 'man's traditional feather headdress' <br />
ta?eng: 'mouth (people and animals)' <br />
ta?ih1: 'feces' (see tae?); ta?ih lalid 'earwax' (see ading) <br />
ta?ih2: 'intimate term of address by a man or woman to a boy, <br />
meaning <br />
something like "my son'" (cf. emu?) <br />
ta?ut: 'fear'; meta?ut (ng-pe-ta?ut) 'frighten, make afraid'; <br />
peta?ut (pe-ta?ut) <br />
'frighten, make afraid'; pinta?ut (p-in-e-ta?ut) 'was <br />
frightened by'; tema- <br />
?ut (t-em-a?ut) 'seem afraid' <br />
tara: 'storage place for husked rice, salt, etc. above the <br />
fireplace' <br />
taru?: 'making, doing; putting, placing'; naru? (ng-taru?) <br />
'make, do; put. <br />
place'; senaru? (t-in-aru?) 'was done by, was put or <br />
placed by'(cf. tu?en) <br />
tasa?: 'damaged; dismantled'; nasa?(ng-tasa?) 'to damage; to <br />
dismantle' <br />
tauh: 'we (pl. incl.)'; ditauh (idih tauh?) 'ours' (cf. kamih, <br />
kediweb, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, teluh) <br />
tebangan(JU): 'scale for weighing things' (Malay loan) <br />
tebel: 'head or the penis, glans penis' <br />
tebiring (JU): 'veering at an angle (of a bird or plane turning flight)'; <br />
nebiring <br />
(ng-tebirig) 'to veer' <br />
tebha?: 'thorn' <br />
tebhar: 'salary, wages'; nebhar (ng-tebhar) 'to pay'; sibhar <br />
(t-e-i-bhar) 'was paid <br />
by'; tebaren (tebhar-en) 'aorist passive of nebhar' <br />
tebhek: 'mark left by piercing; pierced (as by needle, knife)'; nebhek <br />
(ng-teqbhek) <br />
'pierce, stab'; pe-tebhek (pep-teb*ek) 'stab one <br />
another'; sibhek (t-e-i-bhek) <br />
'was pierced by, was stabbed by'; t. apo 'traditional <br />
competition in which <br />
young men held a dart and jumped up to see who could <br />
leave the highest <br />
mark on the slanting roof of the longhouse' <br />
tebheng: 'the felling of a large tree'; nebheng (ng-tebeng) 'to fell a <br />
large tree, as <br />
in clearing a swidden'; tebengen (tebheng-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nebheng)' <br />
tebhing: 'buttocks' (cf. puer) <br />
tebhuh: 'sugarcane' <br />
tebhung: 'small cloth bag used to hold tobacco' <br />
tebhu?: 'clearing in the forest'; nebhu? (ng-tebhu?) 'cut down <br />
forest'; tebu?en <br />
(tebhu?-en) 'aorist passive of nebhu?' <br />
tedhak: (see bua?) <br />
tedhan: 'act of leaving something behind'; ketedhan (ke-tedhan) left <br />
behind <br />
(accidentally); nedhan (ng-tedhan) leave behind; sidhan <br />
(t-e-i-dhan) was <br />
left behind by' (cf. keted, where ketedhan could be <br />
interpreted as /keted-en/) <br />
tedheh: leaving behind': nedheh (ng-tedheh) 'leave behind'; tidheh <br />
(te-i-dheh) <br />
'was left behind by' <br />
teguk: 'external throat' (cf. telenan) <br />
teh: 'tea' (English loan; cf. eti) <br />
tegeker(JU): 'shivering' (cf. egheng) <br />
teghang(CB): 'rainbow' <br />
teh: 'sentence particle probably conveying emphasis' <br />
tekap: 'search (n.)'; nekap (ng-tekap) 'to search, look for'; <br />
pe-tekap (pep-tekap) <br />
'search for one another'; sikap (t-e-i-kap) 'preterite <br />
passive of nekap' <br />
teka?ok(CB): 'rooster' <br />
tekeku?: 'to squat'; nekeku? (ng-tekeku?) 'force someone to squat' <br />
teken (CB): 'boat pole, punting pole'; neken (ng-teken) 'to pole a boat'; <br />
sineken <br />
(t-in-eken) 'was poled by' <br />
tekering (CB): 'dry' (cf. pering, rikan, tekeru?) <br />
tekeru?: 'dry, of pond or river that has dried up, of moist food gone <br />
dry, etc. ' (cf. <br />
pering, rikan, tekering) <br />
tekila?: 'chips produced from working wood with an adze' <br />
tekip (JU): 'sarong worn by girls' <br />
tekub: 'a knock from underneath (as on the floor of the longhouse <br />
by someone <br />
under the house with a stick); nekub (n-tekub) 'to <br />
knock from underneath', <br />
sikub (t-e-i-kub) 'an uppercut (in fighting)' <br />
tekul: 'spoon'; nekul (ng-tekul) 'to spoon out something' <br />
telang1: (see bulu?) <br />
telang2: 'flavorless, without salt, flat lasting' <br />
tela?: 'act of hurling, throwing'; nela? (ng-tela?) 'hurl, throw (a <br />
javelin)'; sila? <br />
(t-e-i-la?) 'was hurled or thrown by'; tela?-en 'aorist <br />
passiveof nela?' <br />
tela?o: 'the barking deer: Cervulus muntjac' (ct. payo) <br />
teleka?: 'small frog' (cf. beraok, esit) <br />
telen: 'swallow'; neleng (ng-telen) 'to swallow'; silen (t-e-i-len) 'was <br />
swallow- <br />
ed by'; telenan (telen-an) 'internal throat'; telenen <br />
(telen-en) 'aorist passive <br />
of nelen' <br />
teletad: 'spur of a fighting cock (the natural spur, not a metal one)' (cf. <br />
<br />
ngeletad) <br />
teliad (JU): 'to slip' <br />
teluh: 'three; we (trial incl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh) <br />
telu?a?(CB): 'a bird. the crow' <br />
temalem: (see alem, malem) <br />
temapad: lie with the body next to the fire instead of lying with the <br />
feet <br />
toward the fire' <br />
temar: 'stemless plant with tough leaves used as basket straps' <br />
tema?ud: 'back of the foot behind and above the ball of the heel'; urat <br />
tema?ud <br />
'Achille's tendon' <br />
temedhur: 'rhinoceros' <br />
temeh: 'fall short and slip, as when leaping across a ditch, or when <br />
climbing <br />
stairs to slip and fall back to the previous step' <br />
temengang(JU): 'hornbill' (cf. menengang, metuy) <br />
teneb: 'cool, cold'; neneb (ng-teneb) 'make something cool or <br />
cold' <br />
tenuran1: 'testicle' (cf. ilung terur) <br />
tenuran2: 'nest'; t. la?al ' chicken's nest' (cf. arar) <br />
tenganuh: 'weaving': nenganuh (ng-tenganuh) 'to weave'; singanuh <br />
(t-in-enganuh) <br />
'was woven by' <br />
tenganga?(JU): 'open the mouth' <br />
tenga? (JU): 'window' <br />
tengeb(JU): 'riverbank' <br />
tepi (CB): 'smooth, as a surface' (cf, lana) <br />
tepu?: 'grandparent (address/vocative for any member of <br />
grandparental <br />
generation)' (cf. epun, tetepuh) <br />
teraka?: 'thin, emaciated' (said by GT to derive from raka? 'dead <br />
twig', <br />
though this may be a folk etymology) <br />
terem: 'sink': nerem (ng-terem) 'force someone under water'; <br />
temeren <br />
(i-em-erem) 'dive under water' <br />
terep (JU): 'tree that is similar to the breadfruit, with latex-like sap' <br />
terur: 'egg; testicle'; t. la?al 'chicken egg'; t. manuk <br />
'birdegg' <br />
terutung: 'porcupine' <br />
tesineh: 'mother (reference)'; t. menaken 'MS, FS' (cf. sina?, sineh) <br />
tetad: 'marks made by an adze'; netad (ng-tetad) 'cut with a <br />
striking motion <br />
toward the body, as when standing with legs apart and <br />
swinging the bikung <br />
from in front of the body to between the legs' <br />
tetameh: 'father (reference)'; t. menaken 'MB, FB' (cf. tama?) <br />
tetel1: 'clay hearth in the longhouse' <br />
tetel2 (CB): 'packing something in tightly'; netel (ng-tetel) 'pack <br />
something in <br />
tightly' <br />
tetepuh: 'grandparent (term of reference)'; t. dela?ih 'grandfather', <br />
t. dedhur <br />
'grandmother' (cf. epun, tepu?) <br />
tidha?: 'footprint': nidha? (ng-tidha?) 'step on'; teda?en <br />
(tidha?-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nidha?'; sinidha? (t-in-idha?) 'was stepped <br />
on' <br />
tidhuk: 'bill, beak of a bird; act of pecking, poking lightly'; <br />
nidhuk (ng-tidhuk) <br />
'to peck, of a bird, poke lightly with the finger' <br />
tidhul: 'pointer, indicator'; nidhul (ng-tidhul) 'to point at <br />
something' <br />
tidhu?: 'hand' <br />
tikan: 'honeybee' (see bua?) <br />
tikel:(?); nikel (ng-tikel) 'just manage to get by, barely survive; to <br />
handle, take <br />
care of (a problem); able to take something (as food <br />
after one has been <br />
sick)'; tikel-tikel 'constantly struggle for a living <br />
(as a poor man who barely <br />
gets by)'; sikelen (tikel-en) 'aorist passive of nikel' <br />
<br />
tiket (CB): 'overtake someone, as in walking along a path' (cf. piket) <br />
tilem (CB): 'mattress' (Malay loan) <br />
tising(CB): (cf. sising) <br />
tuak: 'nape of the neck' <br />
tubang(JU): 'kind of small wild cat that preys on chickens' <br />
tubeh: 'a vine and the poison from its roots used to stun fish: <br />
derris root' <br />
tuda?: 'how much?; how many'; t. buleng 'few' <br />
tudo: 'to sit'; nudo (ng-tudo) 'to set, put something in a place <br />
(as a pot on a <br />
table)'; sinudo (t-ln-udo) 'was set down by' (cf. <br />
bekaar) <br />
tuduk (CB): 'stick placed as a warning along the path'; nuduk (ng-tuduk) <br />
'to <br />
warn' <br />
tudung: 'shoulder' <br />
tudu?: 'seven' <br />
tudhu?: 'salt'; nudhu? (ng-tudhu?) 'add salt to something' <br />
tuked: 'prop, support siick used to hold open the cover of the <br />
ikab' <br />
tuked: 'slope of a nuiuntain'; t. apad 'on the slope of a <br />
mountain range; <br />
temuked (t-em-uked) 'climb a mountain; steep (?)'; <br />
tekedhen (tuked-en) 'the <br />
sides or slopes of a i lountain (cf. irang) <br />
tukung: 'mosquito' (cf. namuk) <br />
tukup: 'a wooden support used to hold up an old house; also, a <br />
wooden support <br />
beam inside the longhouse' <br />
tulang: 'bone; tulang da?un 'spine of a leaf' <br />
tulu1: 'correct '(cf.muned) <br />
tulu2: 'if' (cf. ulu) <br />
tulud (CB): 'act of flying'; temulud (t-em-ulud) 'to fly' <br />
tulung (CB): 'help,assistance'; nulung (ng-tulung) 'to help.assist' (Malay <br />
loan?) <br />
tumeh: 'small white clothes louse' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, li?a) <br />
tumid: 'ball of the heel' <br />
tumuh: 'tree sp.' (see kayuh) <br />
tunan: 'short handle' (cf. edha?, etun) <br />
tunang: 'happy' (cf. sinung) <br />
tunap(JU): 'window' <br />
tuno: 'a hammer'; nuno (ng-tuno) to hammer (as iron, in making <br />
tools)' <br />
tunuh: 'burning, roasting'; nunuh (ng-tunuh) 'to burn, to roast' <br />
tunuk: 'surrender' <br />
tunge (CB): 'here, to this place (cf. ngi iinih) <br />
tungul(CB): 'parang, machete, bush knife' <br />
tuped: 'standing up straight, upright, erect (of physical objects <br />
and people)' <br />
nuped (n-tuped) 'to build, construct' (cf. siri) <br />
tu?ed: 'tree stump' <br />
tu?eh: 'hard,strong (of materials)' (cf. galih, kail) <br />
tu?en: 'make, do' (cf. naro, taru?) <br />
tu?i: 'getup'; nu?i (ng-tu?i) 'raise up' (cf. kulat2) <br />
tu?uh: 'true, really; too, very' <br />
turuk: 'bamboo water conduit <br />
turun: 'the manner in which one comes down (slow, fast, etc.)'; <br />
nurun (ng- <br />
turun) 'to lower, as a ladder; swoop down to attack or <br />
grab something (as <br />
hawks or eagles); to swarm, of bees'; temurun <br />
(t-em-urun) 'jump down, <br />
descend (as a ladder}' (cf. urur) <br />
turu?: 'a command. older, directive'; nuru? (ng-turu?) 'to <br />
command'; sinuru? <br />
(t-in-uru?) 'was commanded by, was ordered by'(cf. atur, <br />
uru?) <br />
tutuk1: 'short stone or wooden pestle for pounding meat or vegetables, <br />
act of <br />
hammering or pounding'; nutuk (ng-tutuk) 'to hammer (as a <br />
peg into the <br />
ground); to pound (chili peppers, ginger, etc.) with a <br />
pestle' (cf. aluh) <br />
tutuk2 (CB): 'act of throwing something at someone or something"; nutuk <br />
(ng-tutuk) 'throw something at someone or something (as <br />
in throwing <br />
pebbles at a target) <br />
tutun: 'shallow' <br />
tutu?: 'fall from a height (people, birds, fruits, leaves)'; nutu? <br />
(ng-tutu?) <br />
'drop something from a height' (cf. luka?, petedheng) <br />
tuung (JU): 'a box' <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
U<br />
uab: 'a yawn'; 'nguab (ng-uab) 'to yawn' <br />
uan (JU): 'have' <br />
uang1: 'howling of a dog' nguang (ng-uang) 'to howl,of a dog' (cf. manang) <br />
uang2: 'muscles, flesh; contents of something' (cf. isi?) <br />
uang3 (?): uang uang (JU) 'naked' (cf. lupa) <br />
uar(CB): 'kind of vine <br />
uat1: 'thatching needle, needle used to stitch the palm-leaf thatch in <br />
making a <br />
roof <br />
uat2: large root, taproot' (cf. labing, ramut) <br />
uay: 'traditional Kelabit axe for cutting wood' <br />
ubih: 'tuber'; u. kayuh 'tapioca'; u. sia? 'sweet potato' <br />
ubit: 'mark left by a bite'; ngubit (ng-ubit) 'to bite' (cf. ketep) <br />
ubud (CB): 'soft edible pith of plants, esp. sago: palm cabbage'; ngubud <br />
(ng-ubud) 'make ubud' <br />
ubur: 'praise (n.)'; ngubur (ng-ubur) 'to praise' <br />
ubhir: 'to overflow (of a bucket left under running water, etc.)'; <br />
mubhir <br />
(m-uhhir) 'overflowing, overflowed' <br />
ubho: to stop; to rest, take a break' (cf. udhu?) <br />
udan: 'rain'; mudan (ern-udan) 'to rain'; u. bariw 'strong wind, <br />
storm wind' <br />
udang: 'shrimp' <br />
udeng1: 'decorative earplug' <br />
udeng2: 'stay'; da?et udeng 'homesick' (lit. 'bad stay'); mudeng <br />
(em-udeng) 'to <br />
stay, dwell'; pepudeng (pep-udeng) 'stay with one's <br />
fiancee's family for <br />
some time before marriage (reciprocal)' <br />
uduh: 'grass' (generic; cf. budud) <br />
udung (CB): 'top, end'; u. kayuh 'top of a tree, part of a tree from the <br />
first <br />
branching upwards' . <br />
udur: 'standing': mudur (em-udur) 'stand up from sitting or lying; <br />
standing <br />
up'; udur udur 'lingering around doing nothing; standing <br />
up and sitting <br />
down repeatedly' <br />
udhih: 'rudder, stern of a boat; rear' (cf. julung, mudhih) <br />
udhu?: 'cease, stop an activity (as walking or working)' <br />
ue (CB): 'rattan' <br />
ueg: 'wild fruit tree with seeds like rubber tree seeds' <br />
ugam: 'mat' (cf. epin) <br />
ugha? (CB): 'stop suddenly, of whirling motion (children in play whirling <br />
around to make themselves dizzy, a spinning top that <br />
falls over, etc.)' <br />
ugheng: 'spinning without wobbling (usually with reference to <br />
spinning tops)' <br />
ul: 'cheer ullcrcd when passing arak or burak rice wine in a <br />
festival' <br />
uih: 'lsg. subject and object; I, me'; duih (idih-uih) 'mine <br />
uit (CB): 'way of banging'; mult (ern-uit) 'to bring'; nuit (en-uit) <br />
'was <br />
brought by'; pemuilt(pem-uil) 'thing used to bring'; <br />
pepuit (pep'uit) 'bring <br />
one another' <br />
uka (JU): 'dawn'; muka (m-uka) (JU): 'early' (cf. lekedhang) <br />
ukep (JU): 'spend a night in the forest' <br />
uker: 'shining, of a cat's eyes in the dark, chatoyant' <br />
ukul1: 'disposition' (cf. eghul, mukul) <br />
ukul2 (CB): 'stick for stirring rice' <br />
uku?: 'dog' <br />
uled: 'maggot, caterpillar': u. reken 'kind of non-poisonous <br />
worm that coils <br />
in a circle' (cf. kelatih, kereruar) <br />
uleng: 'alone' ;uleng uleng 'preferring to be alone' (cf. <br />
buleng) <br />
ulih1(JU): 'sprout, shoot, bud' <br />
ulih2(PM): 'wax from a honeycomb, candlewax' <br />
ulu (CB): 'if' (cf. tulu2) <br />
ulud: 'words, tale, story'; lud-en (ulud-en) 'is being talked <br />
about or told, will <br />
talk about or tell; ulud ulud 'be in conversation' <br />
uluh: 'head' <br />
ulun: 'life'; mulun (m-ulun) living, alive' <br />
ulung: 'grove,thicket, cluster of trees' (cf. pulung) <br />
umak: 'climb stairs, ascend' <br />
umeng: 'cricket' (see kato) <br />
uned: 'middle' (cf. lemuned) <br />
unih: 'sound'; munih (em-unih) 'make a sound' <br />
upa: 'splitting': mupa (ern-upa) 'to split (intr.)', ngupa <br />
(ng-upa) 'spilt some- <br />
thing into large pieces' (cf. bilak) <br />
upan: 'bait, chicken feed', ngupan (ng-upan) to feed animals' <br />
<br />
upa?: 'yam' <br />
uper (CB): 'bark fiber used for making rope': nuper (in-uper) 'string <br />
or rope <br />
made from bark fiber'; nguper (ng-uper) 'make rope <br />
from bark fiber': puren <br />
(uper-en) 'aorist passive of nuper'; sinuper <br />
(sin-uper) 'preterite passive of <br />
nguper' <br />
upih: 'a dream': mupih (em-upih) 'to dream' <br />
upit: 'tweezers' <br />
upun: 'to run' (cf. perada?) <br />
u?i: 'lever' <br />
u?it: 'top incisor teeth' <br />
u?ut: 'straw for sipping rice wine: smoking pipe; sucking'; <br />
nu?ut (ne-u?ut) <br />
'smoke a pipe: suck'; uten (u?ut-en) 'aorist <br />
passive nu?ut'; sinu?ut <br />
(sin-u?ut) 'preterite passive of nu?ut' <br />
urat1: 'vein, vessel, tendon' <br />
urat2: 'wound'; murat (m-urat) 'wounded'; ngurat (ng-urat) <br />
'to wound'; pepurat <br />
(pep-urat) 'wound one another' <br />
[[urek]] (CB): 'handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of <br />
outstretched <br />
forefinger'; ngurek (ng-urek) 'measure' (cf. <br />
depeh) <br />
urit: line. dash, writing' (cf. ayud, nulis) <br />
urung1: large dried gourd used for storing husked rice <br />
(unhusked rice is stored <br />
in the lepo pade)' <br />
urung: 'bamboo segment forming part of a wind-powered <br />
scarecrow used in <br />
the paddy field' <br />
uru?: 'order, directive' (cf. turu?) <br />
urur1(JU): 'cluster (of fruit)' <br />
urur2 (CB): 'act of lowering something'; ngurur (ng-urur) 'lower <br />
something <br />
slowly by rope' (cf. turun) <br />
usag: 'piece of something that has broken'; musag (em-usag) <br />
'break into <br />
pieces, as a clod of earth, or a ball of rice or <br />
ginger powder' <br />
useng: 'cat' <br />
useb: 'want something very much, desire intensely' <br />
used1: 'a cold, catarrh; mucus that is coughed up: euphemism <br />
for any sickness' <br />
used2: 'marrow' (possibly = used1; cf. isud) <br />
usuk: 'loose, of loincloth strings or anything else that is <br />
tied up' <br />
utak: 'urge, determination, resolve' <br />
utap (CB): 'shield' <br />
uta?: 'vomit (n.)'; nuta? (in-uta?) 'was vomited by'; <br />
nguta? (ng-uta?)'to vomit' <br />
utang: 'debt' (Malay loan; cf. baleh) <br />
utek: 'brain' <br />
uud(CB): 'retreat, withdraw' ;u. udih 'move backward' <br />
uyut (CB): 'small carrypg basket worn on the back' (cf. babeh, <br />
bakang, binen) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
W<br />
waluh: 'eight' (cf. aluh)</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Depeh&diff=10307
Depeh
2023-12-11T20:00:09Z
<p>Lraja: /* Measurement Terms */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
; depeh - distance between two outstretched arms<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Measurement Terms ==<br />
: [[siped pulu']] = 10 [[urek]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:D|depeh]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| depeh]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Depeh&diff=10306
Depeh
2023-12-11T19:59:23Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with " == Translations == === Kelabit - English: === ; depeh - distance between two outstretched arms === Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: === == Measurement Terms == siped pulu'..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
; depeh - distance between two outstretched arms<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Measurement Terms ==<br />
[[siped pulu']] = 10 [[urek]]<br />
[[depeh]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:D|depeh]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| depeh]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10305
Urek
2023-12-11T19:57:21Z
<p>Lraja: /* Measurement Terms */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Measurement Terms ==<br />
: [[siped pulu']] = 10 urek<br />
: [[depeh]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10304
Urek
2023-12-11T19:56:57Z
<p>Lraja: /* Measurement Terms */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Measurement Terms ==<br />
: 10 urek = [[siped pulu']]<br />
: [[depeh]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10303
Urek
2023-12-11T19:56:19Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Measurement Terms ==<br />
10 urek = [[siped pulu']]<br />
[[depeh]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10302
Urek
2023-12-11T19:53:19Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
10 urek = [[siped pulu']]<br />
<br />
== Antonyms ==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10301
Urek
2023-12-11T19:52:44Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>10 urek = [[siped pulu']]<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
<br />
== Antonyms ==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Siped_pulu%27&diff=10300
Siped pulu'
2023-12-11T19:52:03Z
<p>Lraja: Redirected page to Urek</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[urek]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:S|siped pulu']]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10299
Urek
2023-12-11T19:49:59Z
<p>Lraja: /* Kelabit - English: */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
10 urek = [[siped pulu']]<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
<br />
== Antonyms ==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Urek&diff=10298
Talk:Urek
2023-12-11T19:48:13Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "The standard Kelabit measurement is UREK, that is, the distance between the tips of the outstretched thumb and index finger. That is why a pig measuring ten UREK is described..."</p>
<hr />
<div>The standard Kelabit measurement is UREK, that is, the distance between the tips of the outstretched thumb and index finger. That is why a pig measuring ten UREK is described as SIPED PULU'. In respect of AREA, our expression of extreme limit is usually to say: "Ken rayeh ilun item peh, na'em teh uwih merey!" My suggestion: "Na'em leh neh merey bebpat ngeneh nginih, si'it ken rayeh penalad kukud peh na'em!"<br />
-G. Nulun [Whatsapp 28.02.23]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Urek&diff=10297
Urek
2023-12-11T19:45:44Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "== Translations == === Kelabit - English: === ;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger ::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan) :..."</p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;1. urek - handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of outstretched forefinger<br />
::* ngurek - to measure (with a handspan)<br />
::* nurek - measured (with a handspan)<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
<br />
== Antonyms ==<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:U|urek]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| urek]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=KBT_wordlist&diff=10296
KBT wordlist
2023-12-11T19:40:28Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
A<br />
<br />
[[aang]]1: 'cork lid' <br />
[[aang]]2: 'tool used for gouging wood, adze with straight blade' (cf. bikung), <br />
kapak,taan)) <br />
[[aar]]1: bellows': naar (in-aar) 'the process of metal toolmaking: the process of <br />
using the bellows to pump air in blacksmithing' <br />
[[aar]]2: 'carefully woven rattan twine used in tying; woven raltan work used on <br />
implements': naar ( 'to make rattan work', naar (in-aar) 'preterite <br />
passive of naar' <br />
[[abad]]: 'plant with long leaves and fruit which grows in bunches in wet places' <br />
[[aban]]1: 'because; unless' <br />
[[aban]]2: 'quarrel over possession of something (property, two men over a <br />
woman, etc.)': pepaban (pep-aban) 'quarrel with one another' <br />
[[abang]]: 'ditch, canal' nabang 'make a ditch' <br />
[[abet]]: 'way of tying; thing used for tying': ngabet (ng-abet) 'to tie'; pengabet<br />
'thing use for tying'; pinengabet 'was used as a thing for tying'; senabet (CB) 'was used to tie' (cf. bebhed) <br />
[[abi]]: last one'; abi-abi: 'all, every one'; mabi (m-abi) 'finished'; ngabi 'to finish' (cf. pengeh ) <br />
[[abuh]]: 'ashes'; mabuh (m-abuh) 'dusty, covered with dust or ashes': nabuh (in-abuh) 'was cover by dust or ashes'; ngabuh 'make dusty, cover with dust or ashes' pabuh (p-abuh) 'throw dust on one another (of two persons or many people)' (cf. labuh) <br />
[[adaq|ada']]: 'soul. ghost. spirit (cf. iat) <br />
[[adel]]1: 'buffalo flea' (cf. gesimel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
[[adel]]2: 'lock' <br />
[[aden]]: 'starting line or block for footrace; starting point' <br />
[[adeng]]: 'charcoal used in blacksmithing' (cf. rereng) <br />
[[ading]]: 'earwax' (cf. ta?ih lalid ) <br />
[[aduk]]: 'ostentation' (?): aduk-aduk 'showing off <br />
[[adung]]: 'adoption'; dungen 'aorist passive of ngadung'; ngadung 'to adopt' <br />
[[agag]]: 'a sieve'; nagag 'to sieve (esp. rice that has already been husked .through pounding on the iung)' <br />
[[agap]]:(JU)'a shock: way .of startling'; ngagap 'startle someone' (cf. gagap) <br />
', <br />
[[ager]]: 'crumbs left after a meal' <br />
[[ain]]: 'sweet taste'; da?et ain 'bad taste (= not sweet tasting)'; main (m-ain) 'sweet';doo? main 'delicious' <br />
[[aja]]: 'penis plug (bamboo plug traditionally inserted through the glans penis) <br />
[[aka]]: 'cleared area'; naka (in-aka) 'was cleared by'; ngaka (ng-aka) 'to clear an area, make a clearing' <br />
[[akaq|aka']]: 'saliva' (cf. lidha?) <br />
[[akat]]: 'bravery, courage'; makal (m-akat) 'brave, courageous' <br />
[[akep]]: 'black snail found in the river' (cf. kereruang, keruang) <br />
[[akun]]: 'admission'; ngakun 'admit fault' <br />
[[alad]]: 'wall'; ngalad 'miakc a wall, build a wall' <br />
[[alang]](CB): 'back of knife blade, edge': ngalar) (ng-alag) 'hit wilh the blunt.side of a knife' j <br />
[[alap]]: 'act of taking, getting or fetching'; nalap (in-alap) 'was fetched by'; ngalap (ng-alap) 'take, get, fetch' <br />
[[alaq|ala']]: (see simun) <br />
[[aleb]]: 'knee' <br />
[[alem]]: 'night'; temalem (tem-alem or te-malem?) 'spend a night' (cf. malem) <br />
[[ali]] (CB): (?): da?et ali 'deserted, of a place that has been abandoned; quiet, of a place' <br />
[[alid]]: 'steep slope (not as rugged as beribhi)' (cf. beribhi, ra?an) <br />
[[alih]]1: 'pregnancy'; malih (m-alih) 'pregnant (coarse term which implies that the child will not be legitimate)'; ngalih (ng-alih)'impregnate' (cf. ngeren) <br />
[[alih]]2: 'a taboo'; malih (m-alih) 'be taboo' (cf. eren) <br />
[[aliq|ali']] (JU): 'accumulated dirt on skin, as behind the ears' <br />
[[alud]]: 'dugoul canoe, boat; ngalud (ng-alud) 'carry things in a boat' <br />
[[alug]]: lie, untruth'; malug (em-alug) 'play a trick on someone to deceive them, lie; a lie': pemalug (pem-alug) liar; false story'; pepalug (pep-alug) lie to one another' <br />
[[aluh]]1: 'eight' (cf. waluh) <br />
[[aluh]]2: long wooden rice, pestle' (cf. tutuk) <br />
[[alung]](CB): 'fern-like plant' <br />
[[amug]]: 'meadow; previously farmed area, abandoned farmland' <br />
[[anak]]: 'child, baby', a.dela?ih 'boy'; a. dedhur 'girl'; a. kadi? 'small child'; a. menaken 'nephew, niece': a. nanap(in-alap) 'adopted child'; a. sia? new-born baby'; nenganak (ng-teng-anak) 'give birth'; tenganak (teng-anak) 'date of birth' <br />
[[anam]] (CB): 'act of picking something up from the ground'; nanam (ne-anam?) <br />
(CB) 'pick up with the fingers'; nganam (ng-anam) 'pick something up from the ground' <br />
[[aney]]: 'termite' (see rera?) <br />
[[anit]]: 'tree bark, pig .skin (rude when used for people)'; nganit (ng-anit) 'make an expedition into the jungle to skin bark from trees' (ef. kubil, lanit) <br />
[[anud]]: 'current, direction of flow'; manud (em-anud) 'to flow; move on the <br />
current': manud medayeh 'upriver'; manud mela?ud 'downriver' (cf. awer) <br />
[[anuk]]: 'clothing'; nganuk(ng-anuk) 'put on clothing' (cf. kelibung) <br />
[[angang]]: 'barking of dog, sound of a dog barking': ngangang 'to bark, of a dog" <br />
[[angat]]: 'small branch' (cf. da?an) <br />
[[angai]]: 'kind of small porcelain jar' (cf. belanay) <br />
[[angeq|ange']]: 'bee-like insect that does not bite or sting. Children hold up the little finger for this insect to come and land on' (see bua?) <br />
[[anget]]: 'kind of bee' <br />
[[apad]]: 'mountain range' (cf. buduk, puun) <br />
[[apaq|apa']]: 'to take' (cf. alap, apen) <br />
[[apeh]]: 'which?' (cf. sapeh) <br />
[[apen]]: 'to take' (cf. alap. apa') <br />
[[aping]]1(JU): 'outside' (cf. lai) <br />
[[aping]]2 (PM): 'ends of something, as a longhouse' <br />
[[apo]]: 'roof; apo kenangan 'roofing material made from nipa palm leaf'; ngapo (ng-apo) 'make a roof ' <br />
[[apuk]]1: 'fine ashes or dusi in the air, sawdust; facial powder'; mapuk (m-apuk) 'dusty': napuk (in-apuk) 'was made dusty'; ngapuk (ng-apuk) 'make something dusty' <br />
[[apuk]]2: 'cotton' I <br />
[[apung]]: 'act of hiding a thing; thing hidden'; mapung (m-apung) 'hidden'; napung: in-apung) 'was hididen by'; ngapung (ng-apung) 'hide something or oneself (Intentionally)', perengapunget)agur)(pere-ng-apung)'hide oneself <br />
apuy: 'fire' <br />
[[a'eb]](CB): lid of a basket (cf. kekeb) <br />
[[a'ed]](JU): 'speech defect; ma?ed (em-a?ed) 'speak defectively, stutter' <br />
[[a'it]]1: 'sickness, pain'; ma?it (m-a?it) 'sick, painful'; ma?it lipen 'tooth-ache ;ma?it uluh 'headache' <br />
[[a'it]]2: 'wait'; na?it (ne-a?it) 'wait for', pepa?it (pep-a?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. ta?it) <br />
[[a'ud]]1: 'wall hook on which objects are hung' (cf. edhang2) <br />
[[a'ud]]2: 'tool for clearing' <br />
[[arak]]1: 'rice wine' <br />
[[arak]]2(PM):'bamboo railing or handhold to give support when descending steps or crossing a bridge'; ngarak (ng-arak) 'to guide by the hand, as a blind man' <br />
[[arang]]: 'a dance'; ngarang (ng-arang) 'to dance' <br />
[[araq|ara']] (PM): 'don't want' (said to be more usual than dara?, q.v.) <br />
[[arar]]1: 'bamboo cage-like structure in which meat is placed for smoking': nga-rar (ng-arar) 'to smoke or dry meat over a fire' <br />
[[arar]]2: 'nest'; ngarar (ng-arar) 'make a nest' (cf. tenuran) <br />
[[areg]]: 'fragment, small piece of something broken'; mareg (m-areg) 'brokensmall pisces, fragmented'', ngareg (ng-areg) 'break somethinginto small pieces' <br />
[[arit]] (JU): 'design'; ngarit (ng-arit) 'make designs, as on a shield' <br />
[[aruq|aru']]: 'casuarina' (see kayuh) <br />
[[arur]]: 'stream, small branch of a river'; r)arur ( r)-arur) 'follow along a steam or river' <br />
[[asa]]: 'whetting, grinding, sharpening'; asa asa 'scratch oneself against a tree, of carabaos'; ngasa (ng-asa) to sharpen (as a knife') (cf. i'ir, tadem) <br />
[[asab]]: 'falling sickness, epilepsy'; masab (m-asab) 'epileptic' <br />
[[asang]]1: 'gills of a fish' <br />
[[asang]]2: 'tall woven basket' <br />
[[aseg]]: 'water that has been added to the rice that has been used to make rice wine (this gives a second, diluted batch of rice wine)' <br />
[[asek]]: 'pineapple fiber (formerly used for sewing)' <br />
[[asih]]: 'pretense': asih asih 'pretend, as to pretend not to see another person whom you consider beneath you' <br />
[[asiq|asi']]: 'stinginess, selfishness': asi? asi? 'stingy, selfish': masi? (m-asi?) 'stingy' <br />
[[aso]]: 'procrastination': aso aso 'put off doing something that someone has ask-ed you to do because you dislike having been asked to do [[it' <br />
[[asuq|asu']]: 'stool' <br />
[[atang]] (CB): 'crossbeam in house construction'; ngatang (n-atang) 'carry something on a pole between two people' <br />
[[ataq|ata']]: 'rice grains with a husk among the husked grains after pounding' <br />
[[atey]]1: 'liver': ate rua? lungs': ate buduk 'heart' <br />
[[atey]]2: 'death'; mate (m-ate) 'die. dead', nate (in-ate) 'was killed'; ngate (ng-ate) 'kill', petate (pep-ate) 'kill each other' (cf. pate) <br />
[[ateb]]: 'deadfall trap for small animals such as rats and squirrels' <br />
[[atet]]: 'clitoris' (cl.pengi?) <br />
[[atir]] (CB): 'area just inside the front of the rice granary (not the storage area proper)' <br />
[[atok]]: '(very? )' (said lo be rare: see si'it) <br />
[[atur]]1(JU): 'generation, age group' <br />
[[atur]]2(CB): 'an order, command'; ngatur (ng-atur) 'to order, command' (cf. turu?) <br />
[[atoi]]: 'a swing': petatuy (pet-atuy?) 'to swing like a pendulum'; metatuy (ng-pet-atuy) 'make something swing like a pendulum' <br />
[[awa]]: 'awe; disappointment, regret'; mawa (m-awa) 'awed: disappointed,feeling regret' <br />
[[awan]]: 'spouse' <br />
[[awa'|awa']]: 'waist <br />
[[awer]]: 'rapids, fast flowing part of the river'; mawer (m-awer) 'swift' (cf anud) <br />
[[ayek]]: 'a whisper': ngayek(ng-ayek) 'to whisper' pepayek(pep-ayek) 'whis- per to one another <br />
[[ayu]]1: 'expression corresponding to "you're it", used by children chasing one another in game' <br />
[[ayu]]2: 'predictable'; doo? ayu 'clever, smart': mayu(m-ayu?) likely, probable' <br />
[[ayud]]: 'writing'; ngayud (ng-ayud) 'write' (cf. nulis, urit) <br />
[[ayum]]: 'affection'; ngayum(ng-ayum) 'say something in affection, sym-paltlize' <br />
[[ayun]]: 'shadow' <br />
[[ayuq|ayu']]: 'just, only; always. habitually' <br />
<br />
B<br />
baang: 'place for storing small logs behind the fireplace' <br />
baa?: 'wet; wet rice field <br />
babeh: 'carrying basket that is worn on the beck, with a tumpline over the <br />
forehead'; binabeh (b-in-abeh) 'was carried on the back'; mabeh <br />
(ng-babeh) <br />
'to carry on the back' (cf. bakang, binen, uyut) <br />
babuy (CB): 'male, of pigs' (see berek; cf. la?ih) <br />
bada: 'sand' <br />
bada?1: 'advice'; binada? (b-in-ada?) 'was advised by'; mada? (ng-bada?) <br />
'advise, tell, instruct': pebada? (pep-bada?) 'advise one <br />
another, tell each <br />
other'; tebada?(te-bada?)'advice' <br />
bada?2: (PM): 'invitation' <br />
badil: 'child's toy weapon of bamboo for shooting other children in <br />
play': <br />
bedilen (baldilen) 'aorist passive of madil'; binadil (b-in-adil), <br />
pinadil <br />
(p-in-adil) 'was shot by': madil (ng-badil) 'to shoot; to hunt using guns' (cf. <br />
ngeraad ) <br />
baduk: 'jackfruit' (see bua?) <br />
baka: 'wild pig' (cf. berek) <br />
bakang: 'wide apart, of the feet while standing': tebakang (te-bakang) 'be wide <br />
apart, of the feet whilel standing'; nebakar) (n-te-bakar)) 'make <br />
someone <br />
else's feet wide apart, spread someone's legs, force apart <br />
forceps: stand over <br />
someone or something with feet wide apart'; simbakang <br />
(t-in-e-bakang) <br />
'preterite passive of. neakang' <br />
bakul (CB): 'basket that is carried in the hanfi' (Makay loan?) <br />
baku?: 'cute (of babies, of ornaments that represent animals, birds, etc.)' <br />
bala: 'news, fame; famous'; belaan (bala-an) 'saying, telling'; binala <br />
(b-in-ala) <br />
'was said by, was told by': mala(n-bala) 'say, tell, talk about' <br />
balang: 'tiger' <br />
baleh: 'debt'(cf.utang) <br />
balih: 'a lie: lying, deceitful, untruthful'; malih (ng-balih) to lie, be <br />
deceitful' <br />
baliw1: 'change form. metamorphose, as a caterpillar into a butterfly; hatch, <br />
as <br />
an egg' <br />
baliw2 (I'M): 'warp' <br />
balu? (CB): 'provisions, food given to someone when he departs on a jour- <br />
ney': nebalu? (ne-balu? ) 'give provisions to someone going on a <br />
journey' <br />
bangeh: 'water trough (for pigs, dogs)' <br />
banget: 'sea. ocean' <br />
ba?an: 'bearing fruit, flowering' (cf. busuk) <br />
ba?o (CB): 'beads' <br />
ba?ung: 'banana' <br />
ba?ur (CB): 'fishing pole; trip stick in an ebhung, noose trap' <br />
bara?: 'swell, become swollen or inflamed' <br />
barat 'veranda, porch-like area where the edhan rests and where firewood <br />
is <br />
split' <br />
bareh: 'emiber, glowing coal' <br />
baring: (see bulu?) <br />
barit: 'striped, colorful' (see bulu?) <br />
bariw: 'strong wind. storm wind' (see udan) <br />
basa?: 'way of reading, act of reading'; binasa? (b-in-asa?) 'was read by': <br />
<br />
kebasa? (ke-basa?) 'way of reading'; masa? (ng-basa?)'to read' <br />
(Malay <br />
loan) <br />
batang: log, tree trunk' <br />
bata?: 'green (as grass), blue (as (he sky)' <br />
batek: 'abdomen' <br />
batuh: 'stone'; binatuh [b-in-atuh) 'cemetery' <br />
baur (CB): 'full after eating, satiated'; maur (ng-baur) 'to satiate someone, <br />
feed <br />
someone to the point of satiation' <br />
bawang1: 'onion' <br />
bawang2: 'settlement, village, country' <br />
baweh: 'enemy'; (pep-baweh) 'be enemies with one another' (cf. <br />
bunu?) ! <br />
bayang: 'goatskin armor formerly used hy warriors when going lo battle' <br />
bayar (CB): 'pay' (Malay loan) <br />
bayeh: 'crocodile' <br />
bayuh: (see bulu?) <br />
bayung: 'a spear': mayung (ng-bayur)'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
bebhak (CB): 'torn (aa shirt, pants, mosquito net)'; bibhak (be-i-bhak) 'was <br />
bebhan: 'bird-lime stick used to catch birds'; mebhan (ng-bebhan) 'catch <br />
birds <br />
with the bird-lime stick' <br />
bebha?: 'urine; urinate' (cf. ebhah) <br />
bebhat: 'a share, division'; bibhat (be-i-bhat). binibhat(b-in-e-i-bhat) <br />
'was shar- <br />
ed or divided by': mebhat (ng-bebhat) 'to share, divide' <br />
bebhed (CB): 'a bundle, as of firewood: what is used to tie something into a <br />
bundle': b. kayuh 'bundle of wood': bibhed (be-i-bhed) 'was <br />
tied by winding <br />
around': mebhed (ng-bebhed) 'tie by winding around (bundles, <br />
bandage on <br />
limbs, etc.)' (cf. abet. pehhed) <br />
bebhek1: 'rice fragments left after pounding; finely pounded, crushed into fine <br />
<br />
particles, of rice'; bibhek (be-i-bhek) 'was broken into <br />
small panicles'; <br />
mebhek (ng-bebhek) 'break something into small particles, <br />
pound something <br />
fine' (cf. berebhek) <br />
bebhek2: 'talkative' <br />
behhen1: 'closing by covering': bibhen( be-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'; mebhen (ng-bebhen) 'close the mouth or opening of a <br />
container or <br />
bamboo by covering (deliberate action)' <br />
bebhen2: 'sink into the ground as a result of human intervention (of house <br />
posts)': bibhen (b-e-i-bhen) 'preterite passive of <br />
mebhen'.mebhen (ng-bebhen) <br />
'make something sink into the ground' <br />
bebher: 'woven mat fan for fanning the fire; flutter in the wind'; bibher <br />
(be-i-bher) 'was fanned by'; mebher (ng-bebherl) 'to fan the <br />
fire'' <br />
bebho: 'cool off the temper, after getting angry or crying)' <br />
bedhek: 'nasal mucus' <br />
bedhi?: 'vulva, vagina' (cf. edhi?) <br />
bedhuk: 'short-tailed yullow-brown monkey, probably Macacus nemestrinus' <br />
(cf. berangad , kelabet. kuyad) <br />
begheh: 'dumb, mute, unable lo speak' <br />
bekaar: 'sit cross-legged' (cf. tudo) <br />
bekakit (I'M): 'turn something over, as glass or a vase' <br />
bekang (JU): 'large carrying basket worn on the back' (cf'. babeh. binen, uyut) <br />
beken: 'other: different, behaving differently than usual' <br />
bekukit (PM): 'fall over headfirst while squatting' <br />
bekuku?(PM): 'kneel' <br />
belad: 'spread open': bilad (be-i-lad) 'was spread open by'; melad <br />
(ng-belad) <br />
'to spread open, as linen' <br />
beladan1: 'the entire platform is built on the support posts and which <br />
forms the floor of the longhouse' <br />
beladan2: 'turtle. tortoise' <br />
belanay: 'four-foot high porcelain jar used for storing corn or making rice <br />
wine' <br />
belang: 'small cut' :melang (ng-belang) 'cut someone' <br />
belatik: 'spring-set arrow trap for animals' <br />
belatu?: 'outstanding: conspicuous, obvious' <br />
belawan: 'iron (metal)' <br />
belel: 'a float used on fishing lines' (cf. lupung) <br />
belen: 'log props under wooden chair' <br />
belih: 'buying'; bilih (be-i-lih) 'was bought by': melih(ng-belih) <br />
'to buy'', <br />
pebelih (pep-belih) 'trade with one another' <br />
beliw: 'slip from the hand, as when someone falls and grasps for <br />
support, but <br />
cannot hold it; biliw. (be-i-liw) 'preterite passive of <br />
ng-beliw'; meliw <br />
(ng-beliw) let go of something' (cf. peliw) <br />
belu?ing: 'hoe used for tilling and weeding in rice paddies and gardens' <br />
benang (CD): 'coffin' (cf. lungun) <br />
beneh: 'low' <br />
bengar: 'planks that form the beladan, or floor platform of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
bengel: 'deaf <br />
bengelih: 'canine tooth, tusk' <br />
bengil (CB): 'ankle' <br />
bera: 'husked rice' <br />
berang: 'width (of a river, house, field)' <br />
berangad(CB): 'small, gray. long-tailed monkey similar to kuyad' <br />
beraok: ' large frog' (cf. epit, teleka?) <br />
bera?ang: 'molar tooth' <br />
berat: 'heavy' <br />
bere: 'thing given'; bire (be-i-re) 'was given by'; mere (ng-bere) <br />
'give'; pebere <br />
(pep-bere) 'give to one another, exchange gifts' <br />
berebhek (CB): 'piece of broken stone'; merebhek (ng-berebhek) 'break a stone <br />
into small pieces, crush pulverize' (cf. bebhek) <br />
berek: 'domesticated peg'; b. babuy 'male pig, boar'; b. sinan 'female <br />
pig, <br />
sow' (cf. baka) I <br />
berenuan: 'kind of small bee' <br />
berere: 'jungle swamp with red lateritic soil' <br />
beret: 'woman's waist band of beads' (cf.eret) <br />
beribhi: 'steep slope' (cf. alid, ra?an) <br />
berirang: 'striking edge on matchbox' (Malay loan) <br />
beriwer: 'twirling (of a bullroarer)'; meriwer (ng-beriwer) 'to twirl' <br />
beruang: 'the Malayan honey bear: Ursus Malayanus' <br />
beruh: 'new: just now: again' <br />
besai: 'canoe paddle' (loan, probably from a Kenyah dialect)' <br />
besit: 'squirt out' (of pus from, a pimple when squeezed) <br />
beter: 'kidney' <br />
beti: 'calf of the leg' <br />
betik: 'tattoo' <br />
betua: (?);b. idhung 'wing of the nostril' <br />
betueh: 'stomach (internal organ)' <br />
betung: (see bulan, bulu?) <br />
bibek: 'domesticated duck' (Malay loan) <br />
bibir: 'lip' <br />
bigan (CB): 'plate' (Malay loan) <br />
bikung: 'tool used to smooth wood surfaces, adze'; mikung.(ng-bikur) <br />
'work <br />
with an adze' (cf. aang) <br />
bilak: 'piece of split wood, rattan or bamboo'; milak (ng-bilak) to <br />
split wood, <br />
rattan or bamboo lengthwise' (cf. upa) <br />
bila?: 'broken, split (state)'; benila? (b-in-ila?) 'preterite <br />
passive of bila?'; <br />
mila? (ng-bila?) 'to break, split something' <br />
bilun (JU): 'airplane' (English 'balloon') <br />
binen: 'kind of small carrying basket' (cf. babeh.bakar), uyul) <br />
bi?ung (CB): 'kind of gourd that is used as a container' <br />
birar: 'yellow' <br />
biruh: 'appearance, features; outward signs'; doo? b. 'good <br />
appearance (of <br />
people, baskets, pots)' <br />
bisung: 'hit a person with a stick by accident, as a child playing <br />
with a <br />
bullroarer' <br />
buang (CB): 'beetle (generic)' <br />
bua?: 'fruit; integral part of'; b. buyo 'orange': b. buyo duru? <br />
'small sweet <br />
variety of orange'; b. buyo pada 'lemon'; b. datu? <br />
'durian'; b. pangin 'fruit of <br />
the mango family'; b. laam 'mango'; b. tabuh b. tedhak <br />
'pumpkin': bua? <br />
tidhu? 'fingers'; bua? t. rayeh 'thumb', bua? t. tidhul <br />
'index finger', bua? t. <br />
uned 'middle finger', bua? t. sising 'ring finger', bua? <br />
t. dara? 'ring finger', <br />
bua? t. ange? 'little finger', bua? t. i?it 'little <br />
finger', b. tikan 'honeybee'. <br />
buar: 'struck by something falling'; muar (ng-buar) 'hit with <br />
something' <br />
buat1(CB): 'character, personality <br />
buat2: 'gossip, idle talk'; muat (ng-buat) 'to gossip'; pebuat <br />
(pep-buat) 'tall <br />
about one another <br />
bube?: 'defecate' (cf. tae?) <br />
bubuh1 (CB): 'bamboo basket trap for fish. placed with mouth upstream' <br />
bubuh2(CB): 'move, charge location': mubuh (ng-bubuh) to move' <br />
bubhuk (CB): 'tree from which leaves are taken to make a poultice for the <br />
relief of rheumatic pains, sprains, bruises, etc.' <br />
bubhul (CB): 'a patch'; mubhul (ng-bubhul) 'to patch, mend' <br />
bubhun1: 'campfire; fire used for glazing pots' (= bubhun2?) <br />
bubhun2(CB): 'heap, pile (of earth, sticks, etc.)'; mubhun (ng-bubhun) 'make a <br />
heap or pile of earth, sticks, etc.' <br />
bubhu ?: 'door'; rnubhu? (ng-bubhu?) 'make a hole by piercing through' <br />
bubhut: 'feathers that have been plucked from a chicken; plucking, <br />
pulling' <br />
binubhut (b-in-ubhut) 'was plucked by'; mubhut (r)-bubh <br />
t) 'pluck, pull out. <br />
as feathers' <br />
buda?: 'white' <br />
budud: 'sword grass .lmperara clindrica'(cf.uduh) <br />
buduk: 'cone, peak of a mountain, lip of the nose, lip of a pen'; <br />
buduk ruma? <br />
'ridgepole' (cf. apad, puun) <br />
bued: 'source', b.ebha? 'spring, source of a river' <br />
buen: 'odor, smell of something', b. kedi?it 'a little smell'; beruh <br />
buen 'weak <br />
(lit. 'new') smell'; da?et buen 'bad smell', doo? buen <br />
'good smell'; galih <br />
buen 'strong smell'; binuen (b-in-uen) 'was smelled by'; <br />
muen (ng-buen) 'M <br />
smell something' <br />
bugo: 'flat piece of wood used to stir rice' <br />
bui: 'soft breeze: have a soft breez.e blowing' <br />
bujur: 'distended, of the belly (also used as a personal epithet)' <br />
bukuh1: 'book' (English loan) <br />
bukuh2: 'joint of finger or bamboo: node; knot in a tree'', sebukuh <br />
(se-bukuh) <br />
'knot in a string: string with knots for keeping track of <br />
time': nebukuh <br />
(ng-se-bukuh)'tie a knot' (cf. bukuh) <br />
bukut: 'a punch': binukut (b-in-ukut) 'was punched by': mukul (ng-bukut)'to <br />
<br />
punch': pemukut (peng-bukut) 'thing used to punch (as a glove, <br />
etc.)': <br />
pebukut (pep-bukut) 'punch one another' (cf. nguarn) <br />
bulan: 'moon': b. betung 'full moon' <br />
bulat: 'open the eyes': binulat (b-in-ulat) 'was looked at by'; mulat <br />
(ng-bulat) <br />
look at someone or something': pebulat (pep-bulat) look at one <br />
another' <br />
buleng: 'single, lone': anak buleng 'only child': sebuleng (se-buleng) <br />
'alone'; <br />
nebuleng (ng-se-buleng) 'keep something (as a problem) to <br />
oneself, not sharing <br />
it with others' (cf. uleng) <br />
buluh1: 'body hair; leather': buluh mateh 'eyelash'; buluh madu? 'eyebrow' <br />
buluh2 (PM): 'love': pebuluh (pep-buluh) love one another' <br />
bulu?: 'bamboo': b. baring 'small species of bamboo used by children to <br />
make <br />
blowpipes'; b. barit 'thin yellow bamboo species with green <br />
lines': b. bayuh <br />
'thin, small species of bamboo which gives bad cuts': b. <br />
betung large, thick <br />
species of bamboo'; b. eling 'bamboo species smaller than b. <br />
betung'; b. telang <br />
'medium-sized species of bamboo' <br />
buned: 'powder' <br />
bunu?: 'enemy': rnunu? (ng-bunu?) 'go to war': pebunu? (pep-bunu?)'go to <br />
war against each other' (cf. baweh) <br />
bunga? (CB): 'cultivated flower' (probably a Malay loan; cf. busak) <br />
bunga?an: 'bladder' <br />
bupu? (CB): 'washing'; binupu? (b-in-upu?) 'was washed by'; mupu? <br />
(ng-bupu?)'to wash' (cf. pupu?) <br />
bu?an (CB): 'round rattan carrying container worn on the back' <br />
bu?uh: 'anger'; binu?uh (b-in-u?uh) 'be the object of someone's <br />
anger'; <br />
perebu?uh(pere-bu?uh ) 'be anger with' <br />
burak: 'rice wine' <br />
buro (JU): 'send away, chase away'; muro (ng-buro) 'send someone away, <br />
scare <br />
off birds or animals, as from the fields' <br />
buruk: 'rotten' <br />
buru?: 'washed off, as paint from a wall'; seburu? (se-buru?) 'wash <br />
one's <br />
face' <br />
burur (JU): 'body: counting classifier for people' <br />
busak: 'wild I'lowcr, flowering, as a tree' (cf. ba?an,bunga?) <br />
buser: 'blind', muser (ng-buser) 'to blind someone' <br />
buso: 'a spear' (cf. mayung) <br />
butal: 'bald' (cf. pango) <br />
butan: 'coconut' (see bua?) <br />
buta?: 'sleep in the eye, mucus in the comer of the eye' <br />
butung: 'corpse, carcass, dead body' <br />
butu?: 'penis' <br />
buyo: 'citrus fruit' (see bua?) <br />
buyur (JU): 'too long, as fhe sleeves of a shirt or the legs of a pair of <br />
trousers': <br />
muyur (ng-buyur) 'lengthen' <br />
<br />
D<br />
daan: 'hut in the ricefield where people stay to scare away birds' <br />
dadan: 'old, of things; long, of time'', dadan dadan 'for a long time' (cf. <br />
ngered, <br />
ma?un) I <br />
dadang: 'heat rom a fire, be exposed to heat (as a person sitting near a <br />
fiire)'; <br />
nadang (ng-dadang) 'to heat'; sinadang (d-in-adang) 'was heated <br />
by' <br />
dadem: 'feverish, sick' I <br />
dalan: 'path, road'; nalang (ng-dalan) 'to walk'; delanan (dalan-an) 'path <br />
made <br />
by repeated walking over the same course'; medalan (me-dalan?) <br />
'help <br />
someone walk' <br />
dalem: 'deep' inedalem (ng-dalem) 'deepen' <br />
dalid: 'ear' (dialect form; cf. lalid) <br />
daluh (CB): 'a fight, quarrel'; pedaluh (pep-daluh) 'to fight, quarrel with one <br />
<br />
another' (cf. kedaluh) <br />
dame: (see lau?) <br />
dapo (CB): 'walk or talk in one's sleep' <br />
dapur: 'kitchen' (Malay loan) <br />
da?an: 'branch, bough of a tree' (cf. angat) <br />
da?ar: live twig (cf. raka?)' <br />
da?eh: 'chin. jaw' <br />
da?et: 'bad'; dina?et(d-in-a?et) 'was damaged by'; pada?et(pep-da?et) <br />
'say something bad about one another' <br />
da?un: 'leaf (cf. rudang) <br />
dara?1: 'blood'; dera?en (dara?-en) 'bleeding, as the gums' (see bua?, cf. <br />
dara?) <br />
dara?2: 'don't, don't want' (cf. ara?, ian) <br />
dari: 'fine. small' (see peretak) <br />
datu?: (see bua?) <br />
dawan: lamp, torch' (cf. lapung) <br />
dawa?: 'a libel suit'; ngedawa? (ng-dawa?) 'sue someone' <br />
dayeh: 'upriver, toward the interior'; pedayeh (pe-dayeh) 'upriver <br />
(loc.)'; <br />
medayeh (me-dayeh) 'go upriver' <br />
dayung(PM): 'trance' <br />
dedhak (CB): way of slapping or tamping something to make it more compact'; <br />
kededhak (kededhak) 'way of slapping or lamping <br />
something'; nedhak <br />
(ng-dedhak) 'when constructing a levee in the paddy <br />
field, to slap the wet clay <br />
with a large paddle or club to make it more compact; <br />
prior to wrapping <br />
cooked rice in leaf packages, to pat, squeeze and press <br />
the rice into a compact <br />
mass using a small wooden paddle (bugo)' <br />
dedhar (CB): 'be struck, as by a falling object' (cf. dedhat) <br />
dedhek (CB): 'struck, as by something that someone throws at you; way of <br />
throwing something at someone'; nedhek (ng-dedhek) <br />
'throw any object <br />
(stone, mud, book) at someone or something' <br />
dedhem (CB): 'darkness, dark'; ngededhem (nge-dedhen) 'wait for nightfall' <br />
(cf. m-alem) <br />
dedhen: 'pushing down': nedhen (ng-dedhen) 'push down' <br />
dedher: 'small tree, sapling; slick' <br />
dedhur: 'female (human); woman' (cf. sinan) <br />
dekaan: 'term of intimacy used with relatives' <br />
deket1: 'fish that moves from boulder to boulder in the river' (probably <br />
= <br />
deket2,. from its habit of "sticking" to the rocks) <br />
deket2: 'sticky': neket (ng-deket) 'stick something to something': <br />
siket <br />
(de-i-ket) 'pruterite passive ol neket' (cf. pedeket) <br />
dela?ih: 'male' (cf. la?ih) <br />
dele: 'corn' <br />
delo (JU): 'kind of long eel' (cf. duder) <br />
demulun: 'slave, servant' (cf. dulun, lemulun, paran) <br />
denak (JU): 'suddenly'; medenak (me-denak) 'to startle or surprise someone' <br />
denganeh (CB): (?) d. puar 'brother or sister by a second marriage: half <br />
brother, half sister' <br />
dengur: ' low-pitched (as the voice)' (cf. leki?) <br />
depar: 'back of the hand. top of the foot'; depar tidhu?, l 'back of the <br />
hand' <br />
depeh: 'fathom, distance between two outstretched arms' (cf. urek) <br />
deramih (CB): 'rice straw' (cf. geramih) <br />
deredhang: 'epiphytic fern' (cf. redhang) <br />
deteluh: 'they (trial)' (cf. diweh, ideh) <br />
dian: 'candle' <br />
dila?: 'tongue' <br />
dinger: 'way of listening; hearing'; ninger (ng-dinger) 'to hear, listen <br />
to';peninger <br />
(peng-dinger) 'thing used to hear or listen with'; sininger <br />
(d-in-inger) 'was <br />
heard by, was listened to by' <br />
dingi (CB): 'opposite side; pedingi (pe-dingi) 'on the opposite side' (cf. <br />
dipar) <br />
dipar: 'opposite side; there (in polite speech, esp. when referring to <br />
the loca- <br />
tion of a house)': d. dingi (CB) 'opposite bank'; d. ebha? <br />
'other side of the <br />
river' (cf. dingi) <br />
direm: 'purple, color of a piit' (cf. milem) <br />
diri: 'housepost' <br />
dita?: 'high, tall' <br />
diu?: 'bathe oneself; siniu? (d-in-iu?) (CB) 'was bathed by'; niu? <br />
(ng-diu?) <br />
'bathe a baby or disabled adult'; ken diu? teh X 'a formal <br />
greeting meaning; <br />
'how is X'?' <br />
diweh: 'they (dual)' (cf. deteluh, ideh) <br />
doo?: 'good': ngedoo? (nge-doo?) 'to make good (after a quarrel, <br />
sickness, <br />
etc.)' <br />
duder: 'small freshwater eel that is good to eat' (cf. delo) <br />
dueh: 'two' <br />
duket: 'to perch (of a bird)' <br />
-I <br />
dulun (CD): 'other people' (cf. demulun, ideh, lemulun) <br />
duru? : 'honey' <br />
<br />
E<br />
ebol (CB): 'ball' (English loan) <br />
ebha: 'fall (n.), fall from a height': mebha (em-ebha) 'to fall, of <br />
people or <br />
animals falling accidentally: not used of leaves'; <br />
ngebha? (ng-cbha) <br />
'deliberately push down' <br />
ebha?: 'water (fresh or salt); river; juice of fruit or meat'; e. rudheng <br />
'oil (from <br />
animal fat)'; ba?en (ebha?-en) 'aorisi passive of ngebha?; <br />
ngebha?(ng-ebha?) <br />
'remove the water, as from a pond to better catch the fish in <br />
it: add water, as <br />
to rice when cooking': sibha? (t-e-i-bha?) 'was watered by' <br />
(cf. bebha?; <br />
lato) <br />
ebhar: loincloth' <br />
ebhed (CB): 'tag'; ebhed ebhed 'game of tag played by children' <br />
ebheg (CB): 'pulp of tapioca, coconut, etc. that has been squeezed by. twisting <br />
in a cloth': ngebheg (ng-ebheg)'to squeeze the pulp of <br />
tapioca, etc.' <br />
ebheh (CB): 'where?' (cf. ngapeh) <br />
ebhen1: 'accusation': ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'accuse' <br />
ebhen2: 'sinking into the earth'; ibhen (e-i-bhen) 'having sunk into the <br />
earth (of <br />
house posts)': mebhen (em-ebhen) 'sink into the earth <br />
(unintentional action)'; <br />
ngebhen (ng-ebhen) 'push a stick into the ground, a needle <br />
into the skin, etc.' <br />
ebheng: large bridge; levee, water break in a paddy field' (cf. tadur) <br />
ebho: 'act of soothing someone's emotions, as those of a crying baby'; <br />
boen <br />
(ebho-en) 'soothe (passive/imperative)' <br />
ebhu (CB): 'cover, wrapping'; ngebhu' (ng-ebhu) to cover' <br />
ebhud (CB): 'push something (as rubbish) with the instep of the foot' <br />
ebhuh1: 'act of refusing attention after being ignored, as a child'; <br />
mebhuh <br />
(ern-ebhuh) 'refuse attention after being ignored' <br />
ebhuh2: 'any length between two joints of the finger, a fingertip and a <br />
joint or <br />
a knuckle and a joint' <br />
ebhuk: 'head hair' <br />
ebhu1(CB): 'skewer for roasting meat'; ngebhul (ng-ebhul) 'to skewer, as meat <br />
for roasting' <br />
ebhung: 'noose trap of string used to catch birds or small animals'; <br />
ngebhung <br />
(ng-ebhung) 'catch birds oi small animals with a noose trap' <br />
<br />
edhan: 'notchod log ladder for entering and exiting from longhouse'; <br />
nedhan <br />
(ne-edhan) 'put a ladder up'; ngedhan (ng-edhan) 'make a <br />
ladder' <br />
edhangl: light, radiance'; e. edho 'daylight, sunlight'; medhang <br />
(m-edhang): <br />
'bright'; m. edho 'the day is coming, its morning already! <br />
(phrase used when <br />
walking someone in the morning)' {cf. lekedhang, midang) <br />
edhang2: 'wall hook, on which objects are hung'; ngedhang (ng-edhang) 'put <br />
something on a wall hook' (cf. a?ud) <br />
edha?1: 'handle'; medha? (em-edha?) 'attach a handle' pedha? (p-edha?) <br />
'handle' (cl', etun, tunan) <br />
edha?2: 'temper'; da?et edha? 'bad-tempered' <br />
edheh: 'one; there is one' <br />
edhen: 'work (n.): suffering' (cf. mededhen) <br />
edheng1: 'rung of a ladder' <br />
edheng2: 'saliva containing mucus' <br />
edhing: 'coming, arrival of someone': medhing (em-edhing) 'arrive' <br />
edhi?: 'term of familiarity used among females' (cf. bedhi?) <br />
edho: 'day'; e. ma?un (CB) 'day before yesterday'; e. riak <br />
'tomorrow'; e. riak <br />
edheh 'day after tomorrow'; mated edho 'sun'; medho <br />
(m-edho) 'midday' <br />
edhuh: 'act of pushing': ngedhuh (ng-edhuh) 'to push (as wood into a <br />
fire)' (cf. <br />
menul) <br />
egheng: 'chill, cold (n.)'; megheng (em-egheng) 'shiver'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-egheng) <br />
'make someone or something chilly'(cf. gegheng, tegeker) <br />
eghul: 'temperament' ;da?et eghul 'bad-tempered; also used of a <br />
person who <br />
has trouble waking up in the morning' (cf. ukul) <br />
ekeb: 'cover, lid, as for a basket'; ikeb (e-i-keb) 'was covered by' <br />
(cf. kekeb) <br />
ekiw: (see la?al) <br />
ekung: 'owl' <br />
elab (CB): 'the shaking out of a mat'; ngelab (ng-elab) 'shake out a mat' <br />
elad: 'wing of a bird' <br />
elak: 'stored in the crotch of a tree branch'; ilak (e-i-lak) <br />
'preterite passive of <br />
ngelak'; ngelak (ng-elak) 'to store something in the <br />
crotch of a tree branch' <br />
elang (CB): 'border, place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one does <br />
<br />
not intend to expand the clearing)'; ngelang (ng-elang) <br />
'make a border, as by <br />
clearing away growth between two pieces of land' (cl'. <br />
eleng, erang) <br />
ela?: 'want. desire: will (future)' <br />
eleg: 'cessation: divorce': leghen (eleg-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
meleg': meleg <br />
(em-eleg) to stop': ileg (e-i-leg) 'was stopped by' <br />
elen: 'pillow of wood or corn silk' <br />
eleng (CB): 'place where the jungle borders on a clearing (if one intends to <br />
expand the clearing)' (cf. elang, erang) <br />
eling1: 'edge (of a timber, etc.)' <br />
eling2: 'pieces of split bamboo used in weaving mats or baskets' (see <br />
bulu?) <br />
elu1 (CB): land that previously has been farmed and now lies unused, fallow <br />
<br />
land' (= elu2?) <br />
elu2 (CB): 'rotted remains of a fruit that has become overripe without being <br />
<br />
eaten': melu (m-elu) 'overripe, of fruits': ngelu <br />
(ng-elu) 'allow fruit to <br />
become overripe and go to waste' <br />
elu1: 'pitfall for catching animals' <br />
elud2 (CB): 'slippery hillside that has been denuded of foliage' <br />
elung1: (see manuk) <br />
elung2: 'mouth of a river' <br />
eme (CB): 'go, go to' (cf. me2) <br />
eme?: 'goat' <br />
emes: 'gold' (Malay loan) <br />
emung (JU): 'way of gathering'; imung(e-i-mung) 'was gathered by'; ngemung <br />
(ng-emung) 'collect, gather, bring together'; pemung <br />
(p-emung) 'heaped <br />
together' <br />
emu?: 'intimate term of address by an adult man or woman to a younger <br />
female, (something like "my daughter")': emu? ta?ih 'an <br />
even more <br />
intimale term for girls' '(cf. ta?ih) <br />
ena?: 'So-and-So' <br />
enem: 'six' <br />
enun: 'what?' <br />
engat: 'gulping' <br />
engep: 'a kiss'; ngepen(engep-en)'aorist passive of ngengep'; ingep <br />
(e-i-ngep) <br />
'was kissed by'; ngengep (ng-engep) 'to kiss'; pengep <br />
(p-engep), pepengep <br />
(pep-engep) 'kiss each anolher' <br />
engi: 'that (demonstrative)' (cf. ineh) <br />
enggg: 'sound of growling (ononm.)' <br />
epak: 'what is split': ipak (e-i-pak) 'was split by', nepak (ne-epak) <br />
'to split <br />
kill an animal with a machete'; ngepak (ng-epak) 'to <br />
split' <br />
epa?: 'way of chewing'; mepa?(em-epa?) 'to chew' <br />
epat: 'four' <br />
epem (CB): 'pump (as a water pump)' (English loan) <br />
epid: 'act of intertwining'; ipid(e-i-pid) 'was braided by'; ngepid <br />
(ng-epid)'to <br />
braid, interwine', pepepid (pep-epid) 'walk with arms <br />
around each others' <br />
shoulders (of small boys)' <br />
epin: 'sleeping mat' (cf.ugam) <br />
epit: 'bamboo tongs for removing charcoal from the fire'; ngepil <br />
(ng-epit) 'pick <br />
something up with tongs' <br />
epub: 'the medicine used by a traditional doctor': ngepub (ng-epub) <br />
'treat <br />
someone with traditional medicine' <br />
epun: 'grandparent of: e. Gerawat 'grandparent of Gerawat' (cf. <br />
tepuh, tepu? ) <br />
eput: 'blowpipe'; ngeput (ng-eput) 'shoot with a blowpipe' <br />
erang (CB): 'border, division'; e. tana? 'border' (cf. elang, eleng) <br />
eren (PM): 'taboo' (cf. alih) <br />
ereng: 'a groan, growl' ngereng (ng-ereng) 'to groan, make a <br />
groaning sound (as <br />
a sick person or a ghost), to growl (as a dog)' <br />
eret: 'man's belt'; ngeret (ng-eref) 'tighten by constriction, as <br />
a belt' (cf. beret) <br />
esag: 'act of splittint;': isag (e-i-sag) 'was split by': nesag <br />
(ne-esag) to split <br />
bamboo (for floors in temporary huts)': tesag (t-esag) <br />
'split bamboo for <br />
walls or floors' <br />
eseb: 'any burned-over area, such as that created in the <br />
preparation of a <br />
swidden'; e-i-seb 'prcierile passive of ngeseb'; ngeseb <br />
(ng-eseh) 'to burn over <br />
an area' <br />
esem: (see bua?) <br />
esit: 'small frog that lives in the stalks of banana trees' (cf. <br />
beraok,teleka?) <br />
esu: 'continuation of one action into another that follows <br />
immediately'; isu <br />
(e-i-su) 'preterile passive of ngesu'; ngesu (ng-esu) <br />
'continue doing one thing <br />
immediately after completing another' <br />
esub: 'act of knocking down'; suben-(esub-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngesub'; <br />
ngesub (ng-esub) 'knock down, as a buffalo or other <br />
corraled animal might <br />
knock down a fence lo escape' <br />
ela: 'fence': ngeta (ng-eta) 'to fence, fence in' <br />
eta?: 'slug (animal)' <br />
eteb: 'act of cutting: the mark left by cutting'; keteb (k-eteb) <br />
'either of the two <br />
pieces of wood produced by a splitting cut'; geteb <br />
(g-keteb) 'to cut a <br />
longitudinal piece (as a stick) in half <br />
eteh: 'area at the base of the spine: tail-bone' <br />
etek: 'popcorn': ngetek (ng-etek) 'make popcorn' <br />
eteng: 'button (as on a shirt)': ngeteng (ng-eteng) 'to button' <br />
etep (CB): 'bite, mark left by biting': itep (e-i-tep) 'was bitten by'; <br />
ngetep <br />
(ng-etep) 'to bite' (ambiguous for stems etep; getep: ketep) <br />
eti: 'tea' (English loan; cf. t6h) <br />
> <br />
etuk: 'heartbeat' <br />
etun: long handle, like a hoe handle' (cf. edha?) <br />
etung: 'meeting place' <br />
etut: 'a fart', ngetut(ng-etut) 'to fart' <br />
<br />
<br />
G<br />
<br />
gaber: 'picture'-, ngaber (ng-gaber) 'take pictures with a camera' (Malay <br />
loan) <br />
gagap (PM): 'startled' ngagap (ng-gagap) 'startle someone' (cf. agap) <br />
gaing: 'spinning top (popular in competitive games)' <br />
galih: 'strong' (cf. kail, tu?eh) <br />
garnet: 'hawk' <br />
gamung: 'aimless action' ;gamur) gamung 'doing something aimlessly, as <br />
child- <br />
ren playing around aimlessly, or housefies buzzing about': <br />
peregamung <br />
(pere-gamung) 'fly around aimlessly, as bees' (cf. pegainung) <br />
gareng (JU): 'roaring (as ;I animal) <br />
gatel: 'itchy: red spot from a rash' (cf. mueh) <br />
gaun (JU): 'skirt' (English 'gown') <br />
gegheng1: 'lifting (as clouds, or an airplane lifting up into the air); the <br />
expression gegheng ieh was used in a traditional ceremony <br />
which included a <br />
contest of strength (kiding berek) in which young men would <br />
lie on the back <br />
and lift a bound, grown pig with one arm'; ngegheng <br />
(ng-gegheg) 'to lift' <br />
gegheng2: 'be numb with cold': gegengen (gegheng-en) 'aorist passive of <br />
ngegheng'; ngegheng (ng-geghrng) 'too numb with cold' <br />
geleng (CB): 'armlet for males' (cf. leku?) <br />
gelisek: 'ticklish'; ngelisek (ng-gelisek) 'to tickle, as a parent <br />
tickling a baby to <br />
make it laugh' <br />
genuluh: 'stalk of a riceplant without grain head' (cf. runguh) <br />
geregaji?: 'to saw' (Malay loan) <br />
geramih (CB): 'rice straw, rice stubble' (cf. deramih) <br />
gerawat: 'tangled, complicated' <br />
gerimu?: 'to grin' <br />
geriset: 'wrinkle (of skin or clothing)' <br />
gerut (CD): 'hard rice thal sticks lo the bottom of the pot afterr cooking'; <br />
ngerut <br />
(ng-gerut) 'scrape out hard rice from the bottom of the <br />
pol after cooking' <br />
gesimel (CB): 'bed bug' (cf. adel, kutuh, li?a, tumeh) <br />
gelep: 'bite', getepen (getep-en) 'aorisi passive of ngetep'; <br />
ngetep (ng-getep)'to <br />
bite' (cf. etep, ketep) <br />
getu?en: 'star' (cf. gitu?en) <br />
gileg: 'feet nauseated, feel like vomiting when seeing something <br />
dingusting; <br />
make a startled movement as when someone pokes you in the <br />
ribs'; ngileg <br />
(ng-gileg) 'dig someone in lhe ribs' <br />
girung (PM): looking for something misplaced' (cf. giwen) <br />
gitu?en (CD): (see getu?en) <br />
giwen (JU}: 'untidy, having messy habits' <br />
gugut: 'bottom incisor tooth'; ngugut (n-gugut) 'bite with the <br />
incisors' (cf. <br />
u?it) <br />
guling (JU): (?): guling guling 'shake the head back and forth' <br />
guta: 'wade across a river'; getaan (guta-an) 'fording place, place <br />
where <br />
people usually wade across a river'; megeta (me-geta) 'help <br />
someone wade <br />
across a river' <br />
<br />
<br />
I<br />
<br />
ian: 'dehortative. don't' (cf. dara?) <br />
iat: 'breath; life, spirit, soul'; da?et iat 'sad'; niat (ne-iat) 'to <br />
breathe' <br />
ibal: 'some' <br />
iban: 'parent in law' <br />
ibhang: 'hindrance, intervention': nibhang (ng-ibhang) 'hinder, prevent, <br />
inter- <br />
vene' <br />
ibha?: 'kind of bark bowl used for emptying water' (cf. ebha?) <br />
ibhu?: longitudinal incision made on lhe ventral side of a fish or animal n <br />
remove the viscera': ngibhu?? (ng-ibhu?) 'make such an incision' <br />
idan: 'when?' <br />
idang (PM): 'sunlight' (cr midang) <br />
ideh: 'they (pl.): other people'; dideh (idih-ideh?) 'theirs' (cf. diweh. <br />
deteluh, <br />
dulun) <br />
idih (CB): 'it, thing mentioned; present, as a person' (ken idih ieh 'is he <br />
here/is he present?') <br />
idhung: 'nose' <br />
ieh: '3sg. subject and object: he, she, it; dieh (idih-ieh?) 'his' <br />
iih: 'who?' <br />
ikab: 'opening in the longhouse roof for the entrance of light and for <br />
the exit <br />
of smoke from the cooking fire' <br />
iko: '2sg. subject and object; you'; diko (idih-iko?) 'yours' <br />
ilad: 'kind of palm, the leaves of which are used for making hats' <br />
ilan: 'to lick' <br />
ileh1: 'intelligence, cleverness'; mileh (m-ileh) 'clever' <br />
ileh2: 'unit of measurement equal to about one yard' <br />
iiek: 'armpit' I <br />
ilun: 'nail of finger or toe'; i. tidhu? 'fngernail', i. kukud <br />
'toenail', i. item <br />
(lit 'black nail') 'tip of the fingernail' <br />
ilung: 'seed, corn kernel; meaning, purpose' (enun ilung muyuh marih <br />
idih? <br />
'what is your purpose in coming here?'); i. tenur: 'testicle' <br />
(cf. tenuran) <br />
ilut: 'cane used for caning'; ngilut (ng-ilut) 'strike someone with <br />
rattan, as in <br />
punishment' <br />
imet: 'a grasp, hold on something'; nimet (in-imet) 'was held by';: <br />
ngimet <br />
(ng-imet) 'to grasp, hold' (cf. itan) <br />
inam: 'a figure; act of counting'; nginam (ng-inam) 'to count' (cf. <br />
itung) <br />
inan: 'reason' <br />
ina?: 'my daughter (term of address?)' <br />
inat: 'a pull. tug'; nginat (ng-inat)'to pull, tug'; pepinat <br />
(pep-inat) 'tug-of-war' <br />
ineh: 'that (demonstrative)': kineh(k-ineh) 'that way' (cf. engi) <br />
inih: 'this'; kinih (k-inih) 'this way; now' <br />
io: 'knife' <br />
ipa?1: 'black skin mole' <br />
ipa?2: leaf used as a seasoning agent' <br />
i?ik (JU): (see labo) <br />
i?ir: 'sharpened'; ngi?ir (ng-i?ir) 'to sharpen' (cf. asa, tadem) <br />
i?it : little, small' (cf. kedi?it, si'?it) <br />
irang (CD): 'slope of a mountain' (cf. tukedh ) <br />
irat: 'coming'; mirat (me-irat) 'come' (let ngapeh iral muyuh <br />
'where do you <br />
come from?'); i.edho 'direction of the rising sun' <br />
iro: 'madness, insanity'; miro (m-iro) 'mad, insane' <br />
irup: 'what is dnink; way of drinking'; mirup (em-irup) 'to drink'; <br />
nirup <br />
(in-irup) 'was drunk by'; rupan (irup-an) 'watering hole for <br />
animals in the <br />
jungle'; rupen (imp-en) 'aorist passive of mirup'; ngirup <br />
(ng-irup) 'to drink' <br />
(children's speech): pemirup (pemirup) 'container used to <br />
hold something to <br />
drink (jar, glass, etc.)' <br />
isa?: 'what one deserves' (in the expression: ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!') <br />
iseh: 'a file, instrument for filing'; ngiseh (ng-iseh) 'to file' <br />
isip1 (CB): 'plate with thin, glossy leaves which are used to wrap rice cakes, <br />
packages of rice, etc.' <br />
isip2: 'sheets of tin (before being made into tin cans)' <br />
isi?: 'contents' (Malay loan): nisi? (in-isi?) 'was filled by', <br />
ngisi? (ng-isi?) 'to <br />
fill'(cf. uang) <br />
isud1: 'marrow' (cf. used) <br />
isud2: 'sigh of relief <br />
itan: 'hold, grasp' (cf. imet) <br />
item (GT): 'blackness'; mitem (m-item) (CB) 'black'; ngitem (ng-item) 'black- <br />
<br />
en, darken'; item-item 'dirty'. <br />
iti: 'recognition'; ngiti (ng-iti) 'recognize someone', pepiti <br />
(pep-iti) 'recognze <br />
one anolher' <br />
iti?: female breast'; miti? (em-iti?) 'to suck, as a baby <br />
sucking at the <br />
breast'; ngiti? (ng-iti?) 'to suckle, as a mother sucking <br />
her baby' <br />
itun: 'a question': nitun (in-itun) 'was asked by', tunen <br />
(itun-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of ngitun'; ngitun (ng-itun) 'ask a question'; <br />
pepitun (pep-itun) <br />
'question one another' <br />
itung: 'a figure', act of Counting'; ngitung (ng-itung) 'to count' <br />
(probably a Malay <br />
loan: cf. inam) I <br />
iuh: 'elbow': miuh (ein-iuh) 'accidentally knock with the elbow'; <br />
ngiuh (ng- <br />
iuh) 'to elbow, knock with lhe elbow'; piuh (p-iuh) 'knock <br />
one another with <br />
the elbow' ! <br />
iuk (?): iuk iuk (JU) little by little' <br />
iung: 'rectangular wooden platform slightly hollowed out, with a <br />
hole in the <br />
center in which rice is pounded'; lobang iung 'the hole in <br />
the center of the <br />
iung'; betueh iung 'a wooden extension of the iung <br />
which lies under the <br />
lobang iung and catches lhe rice' <br />
iup: 'blowing'; ngiup (ng-iup) 'to blow' <br />
iur: 'tail (animal)'; iur iur 'used of someone who wants to be <br />
behind all the <br />
time in his work' <br />
iwa?: 'nine' <br />
<br />
<br />
J<br />
jawa: 'foreign country' (see peretak) <br />
julung: 'prow of a canoe' (cf. udhih) <br />
<br />
<br />
K<br />
kaber: 'pineapple' (see bua?) <br />
kabing: lefl side': pekabing (pe-kabing) 'on the left side' <br />
kadang: long, as a stick' (cf. rawir) <br />
kadi?1: 'because' <br />
kadi?2 (CB): 'small' <br />
kail: 'strong (of a person)' (cf. galih, tu?eh) <br />
kak: ('?)'. kak kak 'sound of cackling (onom.)' <br />
kalang: 'thick creeper from which latex is collected' <br />
kalat: 'rope' (cf. nuper) <br />
kamih: 'we (pi. excl.)': dikamih (idih-kamih?) 'ours' (cf. kediweh, <br />
keleluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
kanid: 'cousin, child of MZ, MB,FZ or FB'; k. dedhur 'female cousin'; k. <br />
dela?ih 'male cousin (reference)', k. la?ih 'male cousin <br />
(address)': k. <br />
midhed 'first cousin' <br />
kapak: 'axe' (Malay loan, cf. uay) <br />
kapal: 'thick' <br />
kapeh: 'how?' <br />
kapur: lime, chalk' <br />
karar: 'a slant': ngarar (ng-karai-) 'place something in a slanting <br />
position' <br />
karo: 'act of scratching': ngaro (ng-karo) 'scratch an itchy part' (cf. <br />
ngeramit) <br />
karuh (CB): 'what is said, words'; nekaruh (ne-karuh) 'to talk, speak' <br />
kasang (CB): 'peanuts' (Malay loan) <br />
katem (CB): 'wood plane, implement for planing wood' <br />
kato: locust, grasshopper' k. umeng 'cricket' <br />
katu: 'ancestor, descendant; a continuation of anything' (cf. pekatu) <br />
<br />
kawan: 'friend' (Malay loan; cf. paad) <br />
kawit: 'accidentally cut or scratched by being brushed with a machete (as <br />
when working next to someone cutting grass)' <br />
kaya?: 'weak' <br />
kayep: 'swimming'; kayep kayep 'dog-paddle in the water'; perekayep <br />
(pere-kayeh) 'to swim for one's life (GT); to dog-paddle (CB)' <br />
(cf. languy) <br />
kayuh: 'wood, tree'; k apuy 'firewood'; k. aru? <br />
'casuarina (used for <br />
firewood)'; k. ipak 'small logs used in fireplace'; k. main <br />
'cinnamon', k. <br />
tumuh '.soft wood tree with fine grain and thick, oval leaves <br />
(used for timber <br />
and for obtaining resin for lamps)' <br />
ke-: 'ordinal prefix for numerals' <br />
kedaluh: 'a fight, quarrel; kindaluh (k-in-edaluh) 'preterite passive of nge- <br />
<br />
daluh'; ngedaluh (ng- kedaluh) 'to fight, quarrel with'; <br />
pekedaluh (pep- <br />
kedaluh) 'fight each other' (cf. daluh) <br />
kedelan: 'choke, choke on' (cf. meker, pekan) <br />
kedi?it: little, small in amount, of time' (na?it kedi?it 'wait a little') <br />
(cf. i?it, <br />
si?it) <br />
kediweh: 'we (dual excl.)' (cf. kamih, keteluh, kiteh, tauh, teluh) <br />
keduit (JU): ladle, scoop' <br />
kedha: 'able to withstand pain'; kedaan (kedha-an) 'suffering'; ngedha, <br />
(ng- <br />
kedha) 'suffer' <br />
kedhep: 'a blink, act of blinking'; kedhep kedhep 'blink constantly or <br />
repeatedly' <br />
kejem: 'a grimace'; nekejem (ne-kejem) 'to grimace, make a face' <br />
kekal: 'break off, snap off; ngekal(ng-kekal) 'to pick, pluck froif <br />
kekeb (CB): lid, cover of something'; ngekeb (ng-kekeb) 'to cover' (cf, a?eb, <br />
ekeb) <br />
kekelit: 'small insectivorous bat' (cf. pawat) <br />
kekeng(CB): 'to shrink, as clothing' <br />
kelab: 'flapping', nekelab (ne-kelab) 'flap the wings, as a rooster <br />
before <br />
crowing' (cf. nekebher) <br />
kelabet(CB): 'gibbon' (cf. bedhuk, berangad, kuyad) <br />
kelatih (CB): 'earthworm' (cf. kereruer, uled) <br />
kelawa? (PM): 'spider' (cf. kelelawa?) <br />
keled (JU): 'kind of black and red spotted fish with a large mouth' <br />
kelelawa? (CB): 'spider' (cf. kelawa.?) <br />
kelibung: 'material, fabric (G'l'): clothing (CB)' (cf. anuk) <br />
kelingay: 'mirror', ngelingay (ng-kelingay) look in the mirror' <br />
kelio: 'wild ox with large involuted horns: Bos gaurus (nearly <br />
extinct at the <br />
time of data collection in 1969) <br />
keli? (CB): 'know (facts)' <br />
keluit: 'fishhook': ngeluit (ng-keluit) 'to fish with hook and line' <br />
kemu?: 'short (height, length), brief; to summarize' <br />
ken1: 'according to (someone or something)' <br />
ken2: 'particle used to form yes-no questions' <br />
kenaman (CB): 'pass out' (cf, redhan) <br />
kenanak: 'sibling'; k. delaih 'brother (can also be used for a close <br />
friend)', k. <br />
dedhur 'sister'; k. i?it (CB) 'younger sibling'; k. <br />
rayeh (CB) 'older sibling' <br />
kenangan: 'the nipa palm: Nipa fruticans' <br />
kenen: 'eat (imperative)' (see kuman, nuk) <br />
kenep (CB): 'each, every'; k. edho 'each day, every day' <br />
keniw: 'eagle' <br />
kenu?: 'sexual intercourse (vulgar)'; ngenu? (ng-kenu?), pekenu? <br />
(pep-kenu?) <br />
'to have sexual intercourse' (cf. patot, sait) <br />
kepit: 'shrunken (as a bean that has dried)' <br />
keraad: 'palate' <br />
keramut: 'small mango variety' (see bua?) <br />
kera?: 'crab' I <br />
kerayab: 'sit in a sloppy or disrespectful manner, sit with limbs <br />
akimbo' <br />
kereb1: 'permitted, allowed; can, able, capable' <br />
kereb2: 'fit, suitability, compatibility with desire'; doo? kereb to <br />
just fit (as <br />
shoes)', doo? kereb ain 'just sweet enough (of taste)' <br />
<br />
kereja (CB): 'work' (Malay loan) <br />
kerekern: 'claw'; ngerekem (ng-kerekem) 'to claw, scratch with claws' <br />
kereruang (CB): land snail' (cf. akep, keruang) <br />
kereruar(CB): 'intestinal worm, flatworm' (cf. kelatih, uled) <br />
kerid: 'vegetables (generic)' <br />
keruang (CB): land snail" (cf. akep, kereruang) <br />
kerubaw: 'carabao, water buffalo' (loan, probably from Malay) <br />
kerud (CB): 'a scrape or abrasion'; ngrud (ng-kerud) 'to scrape <br />
something' <br />
keted: 'back (human)'; neketed (ne-kete4) 'turn one's back on <br />
someone'; <br />
peketed (pep-keted) 'sit back to back' <br />
keleluh: 'we (trial excl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, kiteh, tauh, <br />
teluh) <br />
ketep: 'mark left by a bite'; ngetep (u-ketep) 'to bite <br />
(considered less crude <br />
than ngubit)' (cf. etep,. getep) <br />
keter(CB): (see labo) <br />
ketian: 'thread' (Malay loan) <br />
ketuh: 'very, really'; doo? ketuh 'very good' <br />
keturu?: 'get hurt' <br />
kiding: lifting'; k. berek 'pig lifting (traditional contest in which <br />
men would <br />
see who could lift a pig)'; ngiding (ng-kiding) 'to lift' <br />
<br />
kiki (CB): 'hair that is shaved off; r)iki (D-kiki) 'shave offhair' <br />
kikid: 'vegetable soup' <br />
kilat(CB): lightning' <br />
kilu?: 'bend, curve (as a road)'; kemilu? (k-em-ilu?) 'move in a <br />
winding or <br />
meandering manner'; kinilu? (k-in-ilu?) 'result of <br />
bending (e.g. if a tree <br />
falls across a path and a detour must be made around it <br />
the new path is <br />
called kinilu?)'; ngilu? (ng-kilu?) 'bend something' <br />
kibet(JU): 'heal' (cf. pali?) <br />
kimuh: 'abscess, boil' <br />
kinan: (see kuman) <br />
kineh (JU): 'that way' (cf. inch) <br />
kinih: 'now; this way' (cf. inih) <br />
ki?ik (CB): 'bamboo piece turned by a wind-driven propeller so as to creak <br />
and frighten birds from the fields'; ngeki?ik <br />
(nge-ki'/ik) 'to creak (trees in the <br />
wind, doors when opened, floorboards underfoot)' <br />
kiteh: 'we dual (inci.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, tauh, teluh) <br />
<br />
kopi: 'coffee' (English loan) <br />
ku: 'sentence particle (?)'; cf. ku isa? muh 'serves you <br />
right!' <br />
kuan (CB): 'to, for (a person)' <br />
kubil: leather, hide, as of deer or buffalo' (cf. anit) <br />
kuden: 'earthen pot' <br />
kudhuy: 'stretch out onej's legs' <br />
kuh: 'lsg. agent and possessor; me, my* <br />
ku?: 'for': ku? enun 'for what = why?' <br />
kuir (JU): 'clouded leopard' <br />
kuk: (?); kuk kuk: 'sound of a dog barking (onom.)' <br />
kukud: 'foot, leg' <br />
kuku?uk: 'sound of cawing (onom.)' <br />
kukur (CB): 'kind of pigeon (turtle dove? )' (cf. meto) <br />
kulat1: 'mushroom, toadstool' <br />
kulat2: 'wake up' (cf. tu?i) <br />
kulit: 'skin (of people, animals, fruits, trees, bamboo)'; rice <br />
husk (singular: see <br />
padek), ngulit (ng-kulit) 'to skin (fruits, small <br />
tree, bamboo)' <br />
kulub: 'hollowed log laid inverted over the ridge of the roof to <br />
shed rain, <br />
ridgepole cover' <br />
kuman: 'to eat'; kinan (k-in-an) 'was eaten by (with incipient <br />
fossilization of <br />
the verb morphology)'; penguman (peng-kuman) <br />
'anything eaten with rice' <br />
(cf. peman) <br />
ku?an (CB): 'splinter' <br />
ku?el: 'wrist' <br />
ref ku?uk: 'cawing of a crow'; neku?uk (ne-ku?uk)'to caw, of a crow' <br />
kuri: 'ringworm; affected by ringworm' (cf. pulang) <br />
kusay: 'small onion, leek: Allium porrum' (Malay loan) <br />
kutang (CB): 'cockroach' <br />
kutuh: 'head louse, louse in the hair' (cf. adel, gesimel, li?a, <br />
tumeh) <br />
kuyad (CB): 'small gray, long-tailed monkey: long-tailed macaque' (cf. <br />
bedhuk, berangad, kelabet) <br />
kuyat: 'a scratch on the ground, as that made by a fowl in <br />
searching for food; <br />
the act of scratching'; nekuyat (ne-kuyat) 'to <br />
scratch the ground' <br />
kuyu?: 'buckskin garment that covers only the arms. worn for <br />
protection <br />
while engaged in certain types of work' (cf. sapa?) <br />
<br />
<br />
L<br />
laab: 'quicksand, soft mud in which people or animals sink when they walk <br />
(buffaloes often die in this)' <br />
laak1: 'ripe (fruits); cooked (stative)'; lakan (laak-an) 'ripeness'; <br />
laken <br />
(laak-en) 'thing cooked'; linaak (I-in-aak) 'was cooked by'; <br />
ngelaak (ng- <br />
laak) 'to cook (rice)' (cf. lened, tanek) <br />
laak2: 'year' <br />
laam: 'sour' <br />
laba (JU): 'pass by'; gelaba (g-laba) 'overtake' (cf. pelaba) <br />
labing: 'buttress roots, as the roots of the Casuarina' (cf. ramut, uat) <br />
labo: 'meat' <br />
labo: (?), 1. i?ik: 'rat'; 1. keler 'squirrel' <br />
labuh: 'gray, color of darker clouds'; labuh labuh (JU) 'dusty'; lemabuh <br />
(l-em-ahuh) 'gel oncscll covered wilh dust or ashes, as a child <br />
playing in <br />
the dirt, throw a temper tantrum (= 'roll in the dirt')' (cf. <br />
abuh) <br />
ladeh: 'red chili pepper': ngeladeh (ng-ladeh) 'make food hot by spicing <br />
it wilh <br />
red chili pepper' <br />
lai: 'outside, the outside of: pelai (pe-lai): 'outside (as <br />
outside a social <br />
group)' (cf. aping) <br />
lajang: 'heavy iron cooking pot' <br />
lakut (CB): 'the bending of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk; act of <br />
pulling a branch or the lip of a bamboo stalk down': <br />
belakut (be-lakut) 'beni <br />
down, of a branch or the tip of a bamboo stalk'; binlakut <br />
(b-in-e-lakut). <br />
linakut (l-in-akut) 'preterite passive of melakut': melakut <br />
(ng-be-lakut) <br />
'bend or pull a branch of bamboo stalk over <br />
lalaw: 'mythical dragon that lives in the river <br />
laled: 'black housefly' (cf. lango) <br />
lalid: 'ear' (cf. dalid) <br />
laman: 'pasture for buffalos <br />
lamud1: 'mixture': ngelamud (nge-lamud), melamud (ng-pe-lamud)'to mix': <br />
<br />
pelamud (pelamud) 'mixed' <br />
lamud2: 'yeast' <br />
lana: 'smooth and shiny, as a bald head': ngelana (ng-lana) 'make <br />
smooth' (cf. <br />
tepi) I <br />
lanit: 'skinning, peeling off; linanit (I-in-anit) 'was <br />
skinned by'; ngelanit <br />
(ng-lanit) 'to skin, peel bark from trees' (cf. anit) <br />
langan: 'blowpipe dart' ; <br />
langit: 'sky' <br />
lango: large bluish-green fly, horsefly' (cf. laled) <br />
langu?: 'brother-in-law, sister-in-law' <br />
languy: 'swimming': languy languy 'dog-paddle in the water'; lemanguy <br />
(1- <br />
em-anguy) 'swim for fun or enjoyment; float'; selanguy <br />
(se-languy) 'float' <br />
(cf. kayep) <br />
lao: 'glossy, as the fur of a healthy animal' <br />
lapung: lamp' (from Malay lampu; cf. dawan) <br />
laput: 'cloud' <br />
la?al: 'chicken'; 1.ekiw 'heron' <br />
la?eh: 'more (some still left)' <br />
la?ih: 'male'; 1. rayeh 'old man' (cf. babuy,dela?ih) <br />
la?ud 'downriver, toward the sea'; mela?ud (me-la?ud) 'downriver' <br />
la?uh: 'hungry' <br />
lati?: 'swidden, dry rice field; work on a swidden'; 1. baa? 'rice <br />
paddy, wet <br />
rice field' (cf. kereja) <br />
lato: 'oily (from animal fat)' (cf. ebha? rudheng) <br />
lau?: 'warm. hot': 1. dame 'lukewarm' <br />
lawe: 'walk': lawe lawe 'walk about aimlessly'; linawe (I-in-awe) <br />
'walked; a <br />
trip, journey' <br />
laya?: 'soft'; ngelaya? (ng-laya?) 'soften' <br />
layo(CB): 'tame, docile'; ngelayo (ng-layo) 'tame an animal' <br />
layuh: 'wither'; lemayuh (l-em-ayuh) 'to wither (as a plant withering <br />
of its <br />
own accord)'; linayuh (I-in-ayuh) 'preterite passive of <br />
ngelayuh'; ngelayuh <br />
(ng-layuh) 'make something wither, as by pulling it close <br />
to the fire' <br />
1eh: ' term of familiarity used among males' <br />
ledham (CB): 'nauseated, as from eating too much pork fat' <br />
lega: 'bench; floor in jungle hut' <br />
leghu?: 'thunder' <br />
leh: 'about to (do)' (leh me uih I'm going to go /l want to go') <br />
lekak (PM): 'peeling'; ngelekak (n-lekak) 'peel or take off the top layer' <br />
lekat: 'give up some activity voluntarily' <br />
lekedhang (CB): 'morning' (cf. edhag, uka) <br />
leki?: 'high-pitched, as a girl's voice' (cf. dengur) <br />
lekoa: large variety of ginger: Alpinia galanga' (cf. lieh) <br />
leku?: 'bracelet of plant fibers, ivory, etc. worn by females' (cf. <br />
geleng) <br />
leleg: 'residue left after drinking something' <br />
leleng: 'dam made of branch <br />
<br />
<br />
in the river' <br />
lem: 'at, in'; 1. uang 'inside' <br />
lematek: 'jungle leech' <br />
lemek: 'fat of an animal, grease' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemuh: 'fat, obese (people, ailimals)' (cf. lemuh) <br />
lemulun (CB): 'person, humap being' (cf. demulun, dulun) <br />
lemuned (JU): 'in the middle' (cf. uned) <br />
lena? (PM): 'recede, of river water' (cf. ngena?) <br />
lened (CB): 'cooking of vegetables'; gelened (g-lened) 'cook vegelables' (c.f <br />
<br />
laak, tanek) : <br />
lengen: 'arm' <br />
lengu: 'slipped off (silirt, snike skin. etc.)': ngelengu (o-legu) <br />
'take off, remove <br />
anything that encircles, as a bracelet, necklace, shirt' <br />
(cf. selengu) <br />
lepag: 'chipped' <br />
lepa? (CB); 'foam. suds' <br />
lepeku?: 'very small pond' (cf. takung) <br />
lepo: 'hut in the jungle where one can stay overnight when <br />
travelling away <br />
from the village; temporary shelter'; 1. pade 'rice <br />
granary' <br />
let: 'from' <br />
leta?: 'a crack; cracked' <br />
liang: 'under'; 1. ruma?' 'area under the longhouse, where <br />
domesticated <br />
animals are kept'; peliang(pe-liang) 'below beneath' <br />
libuh1 (JU): 'a fruit, the guava: Psidium guava' <br />
libuh2(CB): 'round'; ngelibuh (ng-libuh) 'to circle; make something round' <br />
libut (CB): 'circle': ngelibut (ng-libut) 'go around'; pelibut (pe-libut) <br />
(CB): <br />
'encircle, surround game in hunting' <br />
lidik (JU): 'cutting of undergrowth'; lemidik (l-em-idik) 'cut <br />
undergrowth' <br />
lidha?: 'sputum (saliva that has been expectorated)'; ngelidha? <br />
(ng-lidha?) 'to <br />
spit' (cf. aka?, redhen) <br />
lieh: 'small variety of ginger: Zingiber officinale' (cf. lekoa) <br />
<br />
liget (CB): 'turning of the head': lemiget (l-em-iget) 'turn the head'; <br />
liget liget <br />
'turn the head this way and lhal repeatedly'; <br />
ligeten (ligct-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of liget' <br />
liip (CB): 'sound made by contracting the lips and sucking in the <br />
breath <br />
forcefully, as in pain or when tasting something with <br />
an intensely bitter or <br />
sweet quality: smack the lips' <br />
lili: 'covetous (after things)' (cf. manga) <br />
limeh 'five' <br />
lino: 'calm and clear, of water (esp. in a paddy field)' <br />
linuh: 'thought, sentiment: the shuddering feeling experienced <br />
when someone <br />
scratches bamboo with the fingernails': ngelinuh <br />
(ng-linuh) 'to think' <br />
lipa (JU): (see lipeh) <br />
lipang: (?): I. pade: 'rice with empty husk (no grain inside)' <br />
lipeh (CB): 'side, as of the body' <br />
lipen: 'tooth' <br />
lipi: 'thin, of materials' (cf. nipi, rugu?) <br />
li?a: louse egg, nit' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, tumeh) <br />
, <br />
li?ip: 'shoulder blade, scapula' <br />
li?o: 'crystal clear, as water that one can see through to <br />
the bottom'; keli?o <br />
(ke-li?o) 'understand': ngeli?o (i]-keli?o) 'know' <br />
liu? (JU): 'slippery' <br />
lobang: 'hole' (Malay loan): lobang lalid 'aperture of the ear' <br />
(cf. lubang) <br />
luang: 'fish'; 1. pelian 'large fish that is caught with the <br />
use of tubeh. This is <br />
the largest fish in thp Bario area, and the most <br />
important fish eaten by the <br />
Kelabit people' <br />
lubang ruma?: 'individual door or compartment in the longhouse' (probably <br />
= <br />
lobang) <br />
lubid (JU): 'act of rolling over'; ngelubid (ng-lubid) 'roll something <br />
over (as a <br />
log)' (cf. rier) <br />
ludek: 'mud' <br />
lueng: 'dent, depression'; ngelueng (ng-lueng) 'to dent, make a <br />
dent or depression <br />
in something' <br />
luka?: 'fall (while on the ground), slip and fall down' (cf. <br />
petedheng, tutu?) <br />
Iuko?: 'rolled tobacco' (cf. siguk) <br />
lulud: 'shin' <br />
lulun: 'a roll of something': linulun (I-in-ulun) 'was rolled up <br />
by'; ngelulun (ng- <br />
lulun) 'roll up (a mat, tobacco leaf, etc.)' <br />
lumut: 'moss' <br />
lun: 'person, people (in certain expressions only)' <br />
lunek: 'thick, juicy lining inside the seed coat in a jack:fruit' <br />
lunu?: 'gums' <br />
lunging: 'rice mortar' <br />
lungun(CB): 'coffin (term used by older generation)' (cf. benang) <br />
lupa (JU): 'naked' (cf. uang uang) <br />
lupu (I'M): to overflow, boil over (of liquids, in cooking)' (cf. ubhir) <br />
lupuk: 'blister' <br />
lupung: 'a float; lo floal (as a dead leaf)'; lemupung (l-em-upung) <br />
'to float (as a <br />
fish)' (cf. belel) <br />
lu?eh: 'sleepiness'; lu?eh lu?eh 'sleepy'; ngelu?eh (ng-lu?eh) 'be <br />
sleepy' <br />
lutak: 'muddy, dirty (from work or play)' (cf. luyu?) <br />
lutut: 'muddy (of unclear water)' <br />
luud (CB): (?): luud luud 'slide back and forth while sitting' <br />
luun: 'on, upon'; peluun (pe-luun) 'above' <br />
luyu?: 'dirty, untidy' (cf. lutak) <br />
<br />
M<br />
<br />
mabuk (CB): 'drunk' <br />
mado: 'far' (cf. muneng) <br />
madu: 'forehead' <br />
mae? (JLJ): 'to love' (cf. mawa) <br />
majan: 'papaya' (see bua?) <br />
malem: 'several days ago; dark (used in this sense only by older <br />
generation <br />
according to CB)'; ngi malem 'yesterday' (cf. alem; ngilad) <br />
rnameg (JU): 'slap someone on the back accidentally' <br />
manuk: 'bird': m.elung 'jungle fowl' <br />
manga: 'greedy (for food; cf. lili)' <br />
ma?un: 'first (in a contest); old (of things)'; pema?un (pe-ma?un) 'in <br />
front <br />
of, ahead of (cf. dadan, ngered) <br />
marih: 'come' <br />
manin: 'color of the smoke-darkened area around a fireplace' <br />
mata?: 'raw, unripe, uncooked' <br />
mateh: 'eye' <br />
matu?1: 'approach, move toward something as a result of definite, <br />
intentional <br />
action' <br />
matu?2: look after someone (as a child); observe' <br />
mawa (PM): 'surprised' <br />
mawan(CB): 'seen, visible' <br />
mayad (JU): leak out little by little, as rice from a hole in a basket' (cf. <br />
rurug) <br />
maya?: 'direction; follow; in accordance with' <br />
mayung: 'to spear' (cf. buso) <br />
me1: 'and, with' <br />
me2: 'go. go to'; mine(m-in-e) 'went. went to' (cf. eme) <br />
mededhen: 'work at something, as a craft (cf. edhen) <br />
medueh: 'you (dual)' (cf. meteluh, muyub) <br />
meghel (CB): 'stay with a small child to make him sleep' <br />
mekaar: 'wind wire or rattan around something' <br />
meker: 'have something stuck in the throat' (cf. kedelan, pekan) <br />
mekud: 'poke someone or something that is above you (fruit, person, <br />
object <br />
lodged in a tree branch) with a stick to make it fall or <br />
come down' <br />
mela1: 'cleared, of an area in the jungle' <br />
mela2: 'to massage' <br />
melepet: 'to corrupt the form of a word' <br />
meliun: 'million' (English loan) <br />
melukung: 'carry a child, basket or anything non-elongated on the <br />
shoulders' <br />
menad: 'climb stairs or a tree' <br />
menaken: 'nephew, niece' (see anak) <br />
menebhur: 'rice porridge' <br />
menegeg: 'mythical monster that lives in rivers and lakes' <br />
menegeg: 'hornbill sp.' (cf. metuy, temengang) <br />
menerang: 'poisonous snake, type of cobra' <br />
menipal: 'generic term for poisonous insects and other creepy-crawly <br />
creatures <br />
(including centipedes, scorpions, spiders)'; m. kera? <br />
'scorpion' <br />
menul: 'push something standing upright' (cf. eduh) <br />
meri (JU): 'dried up. as a stream' <br />
metanur: 'chase (as an animal in the hunt)' <br />
metapu? (JU): 'to marry, be married; to add' <br />
metatad (JU): 'remind .someone to do something' <br />
meteluh: 'you (trial)' (cf. medueh, muyuh) <br />
meti? (CB): 'to kick' <br />
meto: 'pigeon with metallic greenish breast' (cf. kukur) <br />
mututub: hit someone else's face on the foor (as in a fight)' <br />
metuy: 'hrnbill sp. with long tail feathers' (cf. menengang, <br />
temengang) <br />
midang (CB): 'sunlight, daylight'; beruh m. 'daylight hours from about 8 to 10 <br />
<br />
in the morning': me m. 'to go dry something-in the sun' <br />
(cf. edhang1, idang) <br />
midih: (cf. nuk) <br />
midheh: 'first; once, cut through wood with a single stroke' (cf. <br />
edheh, kanid) <br />
migu? (JU): 'ashamed' <br />
mija (CB): 'table' (Malay loan) <br />
milem: 'purple, color of a bruise, "black and blue' "(cf. direm) <br />
milo: 'glaring, of bright sunlight on the surface of water' (cf. <br />
silo) <br />
miluh(CB): 'eat something poisonous so as to become sick and vomit' <br />
mubud (CB): 'pour water into a pot' <br />
mubut (CB): 'step on something (as a nail) that pierces the foot' <br />
mudang (JU): 'stay at home when one would normally go out, as during work- <br />
ing hours' <br />
mudhih: 'behind, last'; pemudhih (pe-mudhih) 'at the back, behind' <br />
mueh: 'pimple' (cf. gatel) <br />
muh: '2sg. agent and possessor: you, your' <br />
mukul (PM): 'disposition'; da?et mukul lazy'; doo? mukul 'diligent' (cf. <br />
eghul, ukul) <br />
mula?: 'much, many' <br />
muli?: 'return home' <br />
muned (CB): 'correct' (= connected with uned 'middle'?) <br />
muneng: 'near' (cf. mado) <br />
muno: 'behavior, sense of how to behave': na?em muno 'foolish (of a <br />
child)' <br />
(cf. serawe) <br />
munung: 'face' <br />
mupun (CB): 'grandchild' <br />
mura? (JU): 'transfer' <br />
murat: to bleed'(cf. dara?) <br />
muru?: 'wash (dishes, hands)' (cf. pupu?) <br />
mutuh: 'to ask, request something (an object, favor, etc.)' <br />
muut: 'turn around and go back' <br />
muyuh: 'you (pl.)'; dimuyuh (idih-muyuh?) 'yours' (cf. medueh, meteluh) <br />
<br />
N<br />
<br />
nakan: 'small jackfruit variety' (see bua?) <br />
namuk: 'sandfly' (cf. tukung) <br />
nanan (CB): 'kind of stinging insect' <br />
nana?: 'pus' <br />
nani: 'sing'; menani (me-nani?) (CB) 'sing' (Malay loan) <br />
nange: 'there (where the receiver is, esp. the receiver of a letter)' (cf. <br />
ngi engi, <br />
ng-ineh) <br />
na?an: 'soon, near future (within the same day or hour)' (cf. riak) <br />
na?eh: 'just now, a moment ago' <br />
na?em: 'no, none, don't have' <br />
na?ul: 'throw away rubbish' <br />
nari (CB): 'to measure' <br />
natad: 'open ground near the longhouse where children like to play <br />
spinning <br />
tops' <br />
nateng: 'dammar, tree resin (burned in torches)' <br />
nauk(CB): 'boiling, starting to bubble' <br />
naun: 'steam: <br />
neh1: 'already' <br />
neh2: '3sg, agent and possessor; him, his, her, hers. It, Its' <br />
nekebher: 'to flap or flutter a few times, as a bird flapping its wings before <br />
flying' (cf. kelab) <br />
nekilo1: 'frighten birds or animals (but not people)' <br />
nekilo2: 'just barely glimpsed, as a fish under the water' <br />
nepipin (JU): 'arrange, put in order' <br />
nesinge?: 'to low, of a carabao' <br />
nipi: 'thin, of materials (less common than lipi, q.v.)' <br />
nituh: 'section of housepost from the betadan upward' <br />
nuba?: 'cooked rice' <br />
nuk: 'thing, substance'; n. kenen 'food'; n. midih 'property' <br />
nukat: 'to dig' <br />
nulis: 'write' (Malay loan; cf. ayud, urit) <br />
nutud (CD): to burn' <br />
nutun (CB): 'to taste, try, challenge' <br />
nutuy (JU): 'in travelling, stay behind someone who is slow to keep him or her <br />
moving' <br />
nabang: 'ambush someone' <br />
ngadan: 'name'; petengadan (pep-te-ngadan) name-calling, calling one <br />
another <br />
names'; tengadan (te-ngadan)'be given a name' <br />
ngadel: 'dull, blunt' <br />
ngae: 'slow' <br />
ngae?1: 'hummingbird' <br />
ngae?2: 'pity. sympathy'; ng. ada? 'pity his soul!; pity him!' <br />
ngai: 'sound of a baby crying (onom.)' <br />
ngale: 'fox' <br />
nganga: 'gape (n)': nganga nganga 'open and close the mouth habitually or <br />
<br />
involuntarily' (cf. tenganga) <br />
ngangeh: 'mouth of bubuh fish trap' <br />
ngapeh: 'where?' (cf. ebheh) <br />
nga?eh: 'horn' (cf.(aduk) <br />
ngaro: 'snatch something from someone' <br />
ngaur (CO): 'remove rice from the pot and wrap it after cooking' <br />
ngayung: 'recite an incantation over a sick: person to assist his <br />
recovery' <br />
ng?: 'sound of a carabao lowing (onom.)' <br />
ngegha, (CB): 'rub the eyes, as when something has gotten inside and is <br />
irritating them' <br />
ngeh: 'ligature linking lower numerals with pulu?, ratu or ribuh' <br />
ngelab (CB): 'apply a poultice' <br />
ngele: 'pick the weak point in the line when fighting the enemy' <br />
ngeletad: 'make a backward stroke with the leg, of fighting cocks' (cf, <br />
teletad) <br />
ngelima: 'rub something between the palms of the hands' <br />
ngen1: 'and, with' <br />
ngen2: 'particle preceding personal names and titles' <br />
ngen3: 'to' <br />
ngena? (JU): 'recede, of the river' (cf. lena?) <br />
ngeraad: 'to hunt with spears and dogs' (cf. badil) <br />
ngeramit: 'scratch hard (as a cat)' (cf. karo) <br />
ngered: 'old (people): almost ripe (fruits)' (cf. dadan, ma?un) <br />
ngeren : 'pregnant, of people (more polite than malih)' <br />
ngerimer (JU): 'to wrinkle something' <br />
ngerurung: 'rinse, wash out the mouth or other object that is not scrubbed out <br />
<br />
with the hand, but rather rinsed out with water' <br />
ngi: 'at; of; about'; ngengi (ngi engi) ''there (not near addressee)'; <br />
ngineh (ngi ineh) <br />
'there, at that place (near addressee)': nginih (ngi inih) <br />
'here, at this place': <br />
ngilai (ngi lai) 'outside' <br />
ngiet: 'tie something so that it hangs down' <br />
ngiil: 'to lick' <br />
gilad: 'several days ago (further in the past than malem)' <br />
ngilan1(PM): 'crop of a bird' <br />
ngilan2: 'pith of a corn kernal' <br />
ngilang (JU): to soothe, as a crying child' <br />
ngilud (CB): 'burn a pig to remove the skin' <br />
ngitel: 'to pinch' <br />
nguam (CB): 'strike someone with a downward blow of the fist' (cf. bukut) <br />
ngudeh: 'why?' <br />
ngukab (CD): 'to open, as a door' <br />
ngukul: 'poke into any kind of hole with a finger, stick, etc.' <br />
ngupat: 'answer, respond to (an accusation, etc.)' <br />
ngusu: 'push something .into' <br />
ngusul : let or cause something to slide lengthwise (as someone sliding a log <br />
<br />
down a hill)' <br />
<br />
<br />
P<br />
<br />
paad: level cut as at the end of a piece of lumber: same': paad paad 'go <br />
together, match, be compatible (as personalities)'; piaaad <br />
(p-in-aad) 'friend' <br />
(cf. kawan) <br />
padang (CB): 'field' <br />
pade: 'riceplant, rice in the field' <br />
padek: 'rice husk (collective term)' (cf. kulit) <br />
padi: 'brush against when passing' <br />
paet(CB): 'chisel' (cf. pa?et) <br />
pajar (CB): 'lean on'; majar (ng-pajar)'to lean something on something else' <br />
pajung: 'flattery'; majung (ng-pajung) 'to flatter' <br />
pakay (CB): 'to use' (Malay loan) <br />
pakel (IV): 'decorative binding of palm fibers worn just under the knee' <br />
pako?: 'a nail' (loan, probably from Malay); mako? (ng-pako?)'to <br />
nail, ham- <br />
mer a nail' <br />
pakub: 'a knock; a striking together (of two objects, people colliding, <br />
etc,)'; <br />
makub (ng-pakub) 'knock, strike together' <br />
palad (CB): 'palm of the hand, sole of the foot' (cf. penalad) <br />
palang: 'a cross' <br />
palid: 'blown away, as papers in the wind'; malid (ng-palid) 'let <br />
something be <br />
blown away by the wind' (malid pade 'winnow rice by <br />
tossing the grains in <br />
the air on a winnowing basket so that the wind will carry <br />
off the husk') <br />
pali? (JU): 'heal' (cf. kibet) <br />
paluh: 'flour made from the pith of a thorny palm, acquired in trade <br />
from the <br />
Penan' <br />
pana1: 'slingshot' <br />
pana2 (PM): 'sweat' <br />
pana?: 'act of spinning, as a top'; mana? (ng-pana?) 'spin a top at <br />
someone <br />
else's top to hit it and knock it out; hit and sting, of <br />
bees in a swarm striking <br />
one by one'; pinana? (p-in-ana?) 'preterite passive of <br />
mana?' s <br />
panid (JU): 'enough; everyone' (cf. sukup) <br />
pango: 'bald' (cf. butal) <br />
pa?eh: 'thigh' <br />
pa?en1: 'areca palm and nut' <br />
pa?en2: 'carrying stick'; ma?en (ng-pa?en) 'carry something long on the <br />
shoulders <br />
pa?et: 'chisel (cf. paet) <br />
pa?id: 'duster, mop, anything used to wipe; accidental wiping':; <br />
ma?id <br />
(ng-pa?id) 'wipe'; pina?id (p-in-a?id) 'was wiped by' <br />
pa?it: 'bitter' <br />
pa?uh: 'fern that grows by the riverbank' <br />
paran (CB): 'traditional upper class in native social system' (cf. demulun) <br />
para?: latex' <br />
parir: 'poison (any poison, including that for blowpipe darts)'; <br />
marir (ng-parir) <br />
'poisonous' (cf. rasun) <br />
pasiw: 'sold'; masiw (ng-pasiw) 'to sell', pepasiw (pep-pasiw) 'to <br />
trade, sell to <br />
one another'; pinasiw (p-in-asiw) 'was sold by' <br />
patar: 'alluvial plain' <br />
pate (CB): 'death of someone'; perepate (pere-pate) 'commit suicide ' (cf. <br />
ate2) <br />
patot(IV): 'to mate (used for animals; vulgar if used for humans)' (cf. <br />
kenu?, <br />
sait) <br />
patuk: 'sharpened and of arrow; arrowhead (of tin)' <br />
patun: 'a dam' <br />
pau: 'broken through (as a dam), penetrated'; mau (ng-pau) 'push a <br />
sharp point <br />
through' <br />
pawat: large fruit bat, flying fox' (cf. kekelit) <br />
payeh: 'watery, swamp-like area in the jungle' <br />
payo: 'deer'; p. runga? 'kind of deer with horns' (cf. tela?o) <br />
payung(CB): 'umbrella' (Malay loan; cf. ra?ung) <br />
pe-: 'locative particle' (see dingi, liang, luun, ma?un, mudhih) <br />
pebhed1(CB): 'end, extremity' (cf. peped) <br />
pebhed2(JU); 'way of tying' kepebhed (ke-pebhed) 'act of tying' (cf. bebhed) <br />
pedala?(JLJ): 'casting net'; medala? (ng-pedala?) 'to fish with casting net' <br />
(Malay loan) <br />
pededhan (CB): 'put something on top of something else, as the right foot on <br />
the left knee when silting with legs crossed' <br />
pedekan (PM): 'to choke' <br />
pedeket: 'hem, stitch, line of sewing on clothes'; medeket <br />
(ng-pedeket) 'to <br />
sew'; pindeket (p-in-e-deket) 'was sewed by' <br />
pedhi?: 'salty' <br />
peduh: 'gall, gall bladder'; na?em pedhuh 'idiotic, inconsiderate' <br />
pegamung: 'twisted or tangled, as thread or hairs'; megamung (ng-pegamung) <br />
'twist or tangle up something, as thread or hairs'; <br />
pinggamung (p-in-egarnung) <br />
'was twisted or tangled by' (cf. garnung, with which this <br />
form probably is <br />
related) <br />
peh1: 'so far, til now' <br />
peh2: 'so that, in order to' <br />
pejadi? (CB): 'to promise' (Malay loan) <br />
pekaa? (JU): 'changing, as a name'; mekaa? (ng-pekaa?) 'change' <br />
pekak: 'cackling'; nepekak (ne-pekak) 'to cackle, of a hen about to <br />
lay an egg <br />
or a chicken that is disturbed' <br />
* <br />
pekakang : 'be spread apart, stretched (of forceps that have been forced <br />
apart)'; <br />
mekakang (ng-pekakang) 'to spread or force apart, of <br />
forceps' <br />
pekatu: 'always, continually' (see katu) <br />
pekekeng: 'feel stiff or numb after sitting in one position for a long <br />
time' <br />
pekeneh(JU): 'believe' <br />
pekubul: 'cockfight' <br />
pekupat: 'turned contrary to the way it should be, as a person lying <br />
with his <br />
head at the foot of the bed': mekupat (ng-pekupat) <br />
'turn in a contrary <br />
manner': pekupat (pep-kupat) 'turn each other in <br />
a contrary manner': <br />
pingkupat (p-in-ekupat) 'was turned in a contrary <br />
manner by' <br />
pekutang: lying across or athwart, as a tree that has fallen across a <br />
path': <br />
ng-pekutang 'to stretch (a cable, etc.) across <br />
something' <br />
pelaba: 'very, extremely' (cf. laba) <br />
pelian: (see luang) j <br />
peliw (JU): 'slip from dne's grasp, as something that is too heavy to <br />
hold' (cf. <br />
beliw) <br />
pelubed: 'bent opposite to its usual position, as when the wind bends <br />
the <br />
leaves of a riceplant back, or when one's wrist is bent <br />
back; go to and fro in <br />
one day' <br />
peman (CB): 'feed'; meman (ng-peman) 'to feed (as a mother feeding her <br />
child)': pepeman (pep-peman) 'feed one another'; piman <br />
(p-e-i-man) 'was <br />
fed by' I <br />
penagan (CB): 'chopping board for meal' <br />
penalad: 'palm. sole', penalad kukud 'sole of the foot': penalad <br />
tidhu? 'palm <br />
of the hand' (cf. palad) <br />
penan: 'to feed'; berek penan 'domesticated pig (= pig to be fed)' <br />
<br />
peno (CB): 'theft; way of stealing'; meno (ng-peno) 'to steal'; pino <br />
(p-e-i-no) <br />
'was stolen by' <br />
penu?: 'full (as a basket or bag)'; menu? (ng-penu?) 'to fill': <br />
pinu?(p-i- <br />
nu?) 'preterite passive of menu?' <br />
pengeh: 'finishing': mengeh (ng-pengeh) 'to finish something'; <br />
pingeh (pe-i-ngeh) <br />
'preterite passive of mengeh' (cf. abi) <br />
penginud (JU): 'speech, parable, story with a moral' <br />
pengi?: 'clitoris'(cf.atet) <br />
peng?ulo?: 'goverment-appointed leader' (Malay loan) <br />
pepag (CB): 'a slap'; kepepag (ke-pepag) 'slapping (as a habitual <br />
aclion)'; <br />
mepag (g-pepag) 'lo slap', pemepag (peng-pepag) <br />
'thing used for slapping'; <br />
pepegag (pep-pepag) 'slap one another'; pipag <br />
(p-e-i-pag) 'was slapped by' <br />
pepang (CB): 'path made by hacking vegetation as one moves through the <br />
jungle'; mepang (ng-pepag) 'make a path by hacking <br />
vegetation as one <br />
moves through the jungle' <br />
peped: 'end (of a thing or action)' (of. pebhed) <br />
pepen: 'a cover, hidden'; mepen (ng-pepen) to cover (of food, <br />
etc.. but not of <br />
a hole); to hide,': pipen (p-e-i-pen) 'was covered <br />
by, was hidden by' <br />
pepepak: 'game in which people try to run through a rectangular area <br />
that is <br />
marked off into squares, each of which is guarded by <br />
someone' (connected <br />
with epak?) <br />
perada?: 'to jog. trot' (cf. upun) <br />
pera?it1: 'raft'; mera?it (ng-pera?it) 'make a raft' (cf. ra?it) <br />
pera?it2: 'strong thunder, thunderclap' <br />
peraruh (PM): 'mistaken', (cf. raruh) <br />
peredhep: 'close the eyes' (cf. nekedhep) <br />
peregai? (JU): 'talk at the same time (of two or more persons)' <br />
perek: 'oppressive, as a stuffy or overcrowded room; squeezing'; <br />
merek (ng- <br />
perek) 'to squeeze'; pirek (p-e-i-rek) 'was squeezed <br />
by' <br />
peretak: 'beans': p. jawa 'French beans'; p. kadang 'long beans'; <br />
p.dari small <br />
green beans' <br />
pering : 'dry, of material; thirsty'; mering (ng-pering) 'to dry <br />
something' (cf. <br />
rikan, tekeru? ) <br />
pesih: (?); pesih pesih 'pretend not to notice, ignore' <br />
peta: 'strings of beads worn around the head; skullcap of <br />
straw or animal skin <br />
with or without beadwork, worn only by women' <br />
petad (JU): 'separation)': metad (ng-petad) 'to separate': pitad <br />
(pe-i-tad) 'was <br />
separated by' <br />
petedheng(CB): 'trip and fall' (cf. luka?, tutu?) <br />
petuk: 'bump one's head when standing up in a room with a low <br />
ceiling; reach <br />
a desired level when lifting something' <br />
pian: 'want, desire'; pinian (p-in-ian) 'a want, a desire' <br />
pia.?: 'a sneeze'; nepia? (ne-pia?) 'to sneeze' <br />
pika?(JU): 'to limp' <br />
piket (JU): 'catch up with someone' (cf. tiket) <br />
pilang: 'striped, banded'; <br />
pili?(CB): 'choice'; mill? (ng-pili?) 'choose'; penili? (p-in-ili?) <br />
'was chosen <br />
by' <br />
pino: 'needle' <br />
pingit: 'cheek' <br />
pingur: 'echo'; tepingur (te-pingur) 'echoing back and forth, <br />
full of echoes'; <br />
petepingur (pep-te-p}r)ur ) 'make echoes at each <br />
other by calling out': <br />
(marginal form); simpingur (t-in-e-pir)ur) 'was <br />
used to make echoes, of a <br />
thing' (marginal form) <br />
pipeh: 'having two sides, as right and left, inside and <br />
outside, etc.' <br />
pipih: 'interior wall in the longhouse' <br />
pirek: 'silver' (probably a Malay loan) <br />
pirit: 'small bird with long beak, rice bird' <br />
pisang: 'knicked (of the lip of a jar), torn (of an earlobe in <br />
which a decorative <br />
plug has been inserted and then torn loose)' <br />
puar(CB): (see denganeh) <br />
pudik (CB): 'way or manner of swimming using full arm strokes'; mudik <br />
(ng-pudik) 'swim using full arm strokes' <br />
pudut: 'shape, form, appearance'; mudut (ng-pudut) 'shape <br />
something': pi- <br />
nudut (p-in-udut) 'was shaped by'; doo? pudut <br />
'beautiful' (cf. ribed) <br />
pued: 'navel' <br />
puer: 'incision, as in an operation'; muer (ng-puer) <br />
'operate, perform surgery' <br />
puet: 'buttocks; bottom, foundation'; lobng.puet 'anus' (cf. <br />
tebhing) <br />
pulang (JU): 'ringworm' (cf, kuri) <br />
puluh: 'bamboo shoot' <br />
pulung: 'forest'; lem pului) 'in the forest' (cf. ulur)) <br />
pulu?: 'ten' <br />
pulut: 'glue, anything sticky; bird lime (obtained from the <br />
fruit of a tree)'; <br />
mulut (ng-pulut) 'to glue something, stick <br />
something on something else', <br />
pinulut (p-in-ulut) 'was glued to' <br />
puneng: 'headwaters of a river' <br />
pupud: 'tracking of an animal'; mupud (ng-pupud) 'to track an <br />
animal'; <br />
pinupud (p-in-upud) 'was tracked by'; pupud pupud <br />
'change one's mind on <br />
second thought' <br />
pupun (CB): 'covering of something, as with a cloth or by heaping soil <br />
on it'; <br />
mupun (ng-pupun) 'cover something' <br />
pupu?: 'thing used to hit; hitting, washing of clothes'; <br />
kepupu? (ke-pupu?) <br />
'washing (as a habitual activity)'; mupu? <br />
(ng-pupu?)'to hit, wash clothes'; <br />
pemupu? (peng-pupu?) 'thing used to hit'; pepu?en <br />
(pupu?-en) 'things to <br />
be washed: aorist passive of mupu?' (cf. bupu?, <br />
muru?) <br />
pu?ar (CD): 'leaning back'; mu?ar (ng-pu?ar) 'lean back' <br />
pu?un: 'origin, beginning (used when introducing a <br />
conversational subject); <br />
first'; p. kayuh 'base of a tree (part which enters <br />
the ground)' <br />
puteng : 'fall short'; muteng (ng-puteng) 'make something fall <br />
short'; p. linuh <br />
'impatient'; p.nial quick-tempered' <br />
putuh: 'asking'; mutuh (ng-putuh) 'to ask'; pinutuh <br />
(p-in-utuh) 'was asked by' <br />
putul: 'broken, of something hard'; mutul (ng-putul) 'to <br />
break'; pinutul <br />
(p-in-utul) 'was broken by' (cf. putut) <br />
putut: 'broken, of something long and soft, as string'; mutut <br />
(ng-putut) 'break'; <br />
pinutut (p-in-utut) 'was broken by'; p. niat <br />
'taking one's last breath' (cf. <br />
putul) <br />
puun (CB): 'hill' (cf. apad, buduk) <br />
puung: 'animal' <br />
<br />
<br />
R<br />
raka?: 'dead twig' (cf. da?ar) <br />
ramay(CB): lively, enjoying oneselF (Malay loan) <br />
ramut: 'fibrous roots, as of grass, rice or coconut trees' (cf. labing, <br />
uat) <br />
ranih: 'harvest'; peranih (pe-ranih) 'the small bamboo or iron knife <br />
used to <br />
remove the rice head in harvesting; the harvest'; rinanih <br />
(r-in-anih) 'was <br />
harvested by' <br />
ra?an: 'gradual slope, side of a mountain' (cf. alid, beribhi) <br />
ra?en: light (in weight )' <br />
ra?it: 'raft'; ngera?it (ng-ra?it) 'travel by raft (cf. pera?it) <br />
ra?o: 'cork; palm wood used to make blowpipe darts' <br />
ra?ung (CB): large round sun hat: umbrella' <br />
rara(CB): 'rafters' <br />
raruh (JU): losing of something'; neraruh (ne-raruh) loit'; ngeraruh <br />
(ng-raruh) <br />
'lose something' (cf . peraruh) <br />
raseb: loud banging noise, as that made when children run on planks of <br />
longhouse' <br />
rasun: 'poison' (Malay loan; cf. parir) <br />
ratu: 'milk (human and animal)' <br />
ratan: leaking (as a roof or bucket)' <br />
ratu: 'hundred' <br />
raut: 'to play' <br />
rawir: 'long, as a story, road, piece of string' <br />
rayeh: 'big, great, physically large (people or things); old (people)' <br />
rebun: 'smoke' <br />
redhan: 'passed out, fainted' (cf. kenaman) <br />
redhang: 'the structure formed by parasitic plants on a tree; a structure <br />
built <br />
around a fruiting tree to protect it from marauders'; <br />
ngeredhang (ng-redhang) <br />
'put branches around the trunk of one's fruit trees when <br />
they are bearing, or <br />
pile up rubbish in the fork of a branch so that others will <br />
not climb the trees <br />
to take the fruit' (cf. deredhang) <br />
redheng: 'spit'; ngeredheng (ng-redheng) 'to spit' (cf. edheng2, lidha?) <br />
redhep: 'closing of the eyes'; ngeredhep (ng-redhep) 'close the eyes' (cf. <br />
<br />
peredhep) <br />
rekeb: 'cave in, collapse' <br />
reken: 'coiled rattan base on which hot cooking pots are placed' <br />
renaran: 'storage places for split firewood above the fireplace' <br />
renareng: 'beam on which the beladan is laid in the construction of the <br />
longhouse' <br />
repured: 'spot on the head out of which the hair grows spirally' <br />
rera?: 'ant'; r. ane 'termite' <br />
rerek: 'incision made in the throat of a pig or chicken in <br />
slaughtering'; ngererek <br />
(ng-rerek) 'to slaughter pigs or chickens by slitting the <br />
throat'; rirek <br />
(r-e-i-rek) 'was slaughtered by' <br />
rereng1: 'charcoal (general term)' (cf. adeng) <br />
refereng2 (PM): 'putting down'; ngerereng) (ng-rereng) 'put something down' <br />
riak: 'future (beginning the following day)' (cf. na?an) <br />
ribed: 'pretty, beautiful, of people or things' (cf. pudut) <br />
ribun: 'thousand' <br />
riek: 'a cough' <br />
rier: 'to turn, roll'; berier (be-rier) 'to roll as a result of <br />
human agency, as a <br />
log being rolled by someone'; binrier (b-in-e-rier) 'was <br />
rolled by'; ngerier <br />
(ng-rier) 'to turn or roll something'; remier (r-em-ier) <br />
'to roll without the <br />
intervention of a human agent, as a log rolling of its own <br />
accord; turn the <br />
body': rinier (r-in-ier) 'was turned or rolled by' (cf. <br />
lubid) <br />
rikan: 'dry, of the weather' (cf. pering, tekeru?) <br />
rimod: 'smile'; nerimod (ne-rimod) 'to smile'; rimod rimod 'always <br />
smiling <br />
rina?e: 'health, condition' <br />
rinuh: 'winnowing basket <br />
rigit: 'money' (Malay loan) <br />
ri?er: 'neck' <br />
riruh: 'to laugh'; ngeriruh (ng-riruh) 'make someone laugh'; <br />
periruh (pep-riruh) <br />
laugh at one another; make one another laugh'; riniruh <br />
(r-in-inib) 'preterite <br />
passive of ngeriruh' <br />
rua? (see ate1) <br />
rudang: 'dead leaf (cf. da?un) <br />
rudap: 'sleep'; ngerudap (ng-rudap)' put someone (as a child) to <br />
sleep': rinudap <br />
(r-in-udap) 'was put to sleep by': me rudap 'stay <br />
overnight in the jungle, as <br />
when out hunting' (cf. lu?eh) ' <br />
rudheng: 'phlegm (after it has been expectorated): slimy, oily' <br />
rugi? (CB): loss, as in business'; ngerugi? (ng-rugi?) 'outwit someone in <br />
business, profit at someone else's expense' (Malay loan) <br />
rugu?: 'thin (people, animals)' <br />
ruked: (?): ruked ruked 'forever' <br />
ruma?: longhouse' (rumah kadang is now used to distinguish the <br />
longhouse <br />
from a single-family house) <br />
runga?: (see payo) <br />
runguh: 'head of rice plant' (cf. genuluh) <br />
ru?eb: 'waterfall' <br />
rurug (JU): 'come out all at once, as when pouring something that you want <br />
to <br />
come out slowly'; ngerurug (ng-rurug) 'pour out something <br />
(as fruit from a <br />
basket)'; remurug (r-em-urug) 'to drop, of leaves <br />
or fruit'; renurug <br />
(r-en-urug) 'preterite passive of ngerurug' (cf. mayad) <br />
rurut (JU): 'descent'; remurut (r-em-urut) 'come down, descend' <br />
ruuk: 'chest' <br />
ruyung: 'share a residence with'; lun ruyung (JU) 'relatives' <br />
<br />
<br />
S<br />
sabun: 'soap' (Malay loan) <br />
saget(CB): 'quick, quickly' <br />
sait: 'a lover, paramour''; pesait (pep-sait) 'to have sexual <br />
intercourse (refined <br />
expression)' (cf. kenu?, patot) <br />
sakol: 'hoe': nakol (ng-sakol) 'to hoe': sinakol (s-in-akol) 'was <br />
hoed by' <br />
(Malay loan; cf. sakul) <br />
sakul (CD): (Malay loan; cf. sakol) <br />
sala? (CD): 'wrong' <br />
sangen: 'menses, menstruation' <br />
sapa?: 'shirt; s. talun 'buckskin shirt traditionally worn by both <br />
sexes' (cf. <br />
kuyu?) <br />
sapeh: 'which, which one?' <br />
saweng: 'inability to see in the dark, night blindness <br />
sedero: 'watering, tearing (of the eyes) <br />
segerang (CB): 'ribs' <br />
segeri: 'weak and thin because of sickness <br />
segumen: 'eaves of the longhouse roof <br />
sekenan: 'remember' <br />
selanguy: 'snake (generic)' <br />
selapang: 'shotgun' (Malay loan) <br />
selengu: 'to shed, of a snake shedding its old skin' (cf. lengu) <br />
selengut: 'bamboo nose flute' <br />
seli: 'lower part of the leg to the outside of the shin bone <br />
(considered es- <br />
pecially vulnerable to attack in a fight) <br />
seluar (CB): 'trousers ' (Malay loan) <br />
selubid: lie down' <br />
selud: 'to slide (as children sliding down a hillside)' <br />
semera?: 'lead(metal)' <br />
senape (CB): 'kind of rice cake made by boiling rice wrapped in leaves' <br />
sena?ih: 'intestines' (cf. sina?ih) <br />
senien (JU): 'catfish' <br />
senula? (CB): (see sinula?) <br />
senu?eh: 'right side' pesenu?eh (pe-senu?eh) 'on the right side' <br />
sepa?(CB): 'betel quid' <br />
serawe(JU): 'behavior'; raruh serawe 'mad, crazy, insane' (cf. muno) <br />
seremu?uh: 'appearance'; da?et seremu?uh 'bad appearance, untidy' <br />
seruga: Heaven (Malay loan) <br />
sia?: 'red' ; s. bareh 'very red, glowing red' <br />
siguk: 'tobacco' (cf. luko?) <br />
silen: 'string used to hold up swimming trunks, etc.' <br />
silo: 'shiny, of the surface of a lake, table, etc.' (cf. milo) <br />
simun: 'cucumber'; simun ala? 'watermelon' <br />
sinan (CB): 'female (animals)' (see berek, cf. dedhur) <br />
sina?: 'mother, MZ, FZ (address/vocative)' (cf. sineh, tesineh) <br />
sina?ih: 'intestines, guts'; na?em sina?ih 'cowardly' (cf. sena?ih) <br />
sineh1 (CB): 'demonstrative particle' <br />
sineh2: 'title for married women; Mrs.' (see sina?, tesineh) <br />
sinula?: 'bereaved'; dedhur s. 'widow', dela?i s. 'widower' <br />
sinung: 'happy: successful, as a wealthy man or a student in school' <br />
(JU): s. tu- <br />
nang 'very happy', kesinungan (ke-sinung-an) 'happiness' <br />
(Malay loan?: cf. <br />
tunang) <br />
singel: 'constriction, narrowing' <br />
sipen: 'rice that is already on the iung and in the process of being <br />
pounded' <br />
si?er: 'eyesight'; ni?er (ng-si?er)'.see,look at'; pe-si?er <br />
(pep-si?er) 'look at one <br />
another'; sini?er (s-in-i?er) 'was seen, looked at <br />
by'; siren (si?er-en) <br />
'aorisi passive of ni?er' <br />
si?it: 'few'; s. ketuh atuk 'very few' (cf. i?it, kedi?it) <br />
siri: 'straight, upright (indefinitely long)'; niri <br />
(ng-siri)'straighten' (cf. tuped) <br />
sirut: 'tapering' <br />
sising: 'ring for the finger' (loan, probably from Malay: cf. <br />
tising) <br />
suk(CB): 'relative propoun: which, who' <br />
sukup (CB): 'enough' (Malay loan; cf. panid ) <br />
sunga?ing (JU): 'incubus-ike spirit believed to visit people at night and to <br />
sap their <br />
strength' <br />
surat: letter' (Malay loan) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
T<br />
taang(CB): 'way of mannert of adzing'; naang (ng-taang) 'work wood with an <br />
adze'; <br />
sinaang (t-in-aang) 'pteterite passive of naang' <br />
taban: 'running away with someone or something, kidnapping, elopement': <br />
naban (ng-taban) 'run away with, kidnap, elope with'; <br />
petaban (pep-taban) <br />
'elope'; tebanen (taban-en) 'aorist passive of naban' <br />
tabang (CD): long bamboo section used to carry water' <br />
tabat: 'medicine'; nabat (ng-tabat) 'to treat with medicine, apply <br />
medicine to'; <br />
sinabat (t-in-abat) 'was treated with medicine by' <br />
tabi?: 'greet, shake hands' <br />
tabuh: 'container made from a dried gourd' (see bua?) <br />
tabun: 'heap, pile: covered by something that is heaped up; heap of <br />
dead grass <br />
used by snakes as a nest'; nabun (ng-tabun) 'to heap, pile <br />
up'; sinabun <br />
(t-in-abun) 'was helped or piled up by' <br />
tadem: 'sharp, of a blade'; nadem (ng-tadem) 'sharpen' (cf. asa, i?ir) <br />
taduk: 'rhinoceros horn (used for medicinal purposes)' (cf. nga?eh) <br />
tadur: 'small bridge, as a single log bridge'; nadur (ng-tadur) 'make <br />
a bridge: <br />
cross a bridge'; tadur idhung) 'bridge of the nose' (cf. <br />
ebheng) <br />
tae?: 'feces'; nae?(ng-tae?) 'defecate' (considered substandard <br />
byGT) (cf. <br />
bube?, ta?ih) <br />
ta?it(PM): 'wait'; peta?it(pep-ta?it) 'wait for each other' (cf. a?it) <br />
taka: 'lake' <br />
taked: 'popliteal space, area behind the knee' <br />
takub: 'a patch, pocket'; nakub(ng-takub) 'to patch as torn clothing' <br />
takung: 'pond' (cf. lepeku?) <br />
talun: 'buckskin, treated deerskin used for clothing' <br />
taman (CB): leader of a pack of animals' <br />
tama?: 'father. FB, MB (address/vocative)' (cf. tetameh) <br />
tana?: 'earth; soil; world': t.pulut, t.sia? 'clay' <br />
tanek: 'boiling of water, cooking': nanek (ng-tanek) 'to boil <br />
water, cook <br />
vegetables (GT), boil meat (CB)' (cf. laak, lened) <br />
tanern: 'grave: sunken, as a stick in the ground': nanem (ng-tanern) <br />
'bury': <br />
sinanem (t-in-anem) 'was buried by' <br />
tanep: 'sink, set, disappear from view' (?); t. edho 'direction of <br />
the setting sun' <br />
tange: 'a cry'; nange (ng-tange) 'to cry'; petange (pep-tange) 'make <br />
one another cry': <br />
tange tange 'crying' <br />
tapih1: 'honeycomb' <br />
tapih2: 'protective lining placed in a container (as a leaf in a <br />
cooking pot)' <br />
tapi?: 'cow' (Malay loan) <br />
tapung: 'man's traditional feather headdress' <br />
ta?eng: 'mouth (people and animals)' <br />
ta?ih1: 'feces' (see tae?); ta?ih lalid 'earwax' (see ading) <br />
ta?ih2: 'intimate term of address by a man or woman to a boy, <br />
meaning <br />
something like "my son'" (cf. emu?) <br />
ta?ut: 'fear'; meta?ut (ng-pe-ta?ut) 'frighten, make afraid'; <br />
peta?ut (pe-ta?ut) <br />
'frighten, make afraid'; pinta?ut (p-in-e-ta?ut) 'was <br />
frightened by'; tema- <br />
?ut (t-em-a?ut) 'seem afraid' <br />
tara: 'storage place for husked rice, salt, etc. above the <br />
fireplace' <br />
taru?: 'making, doing; putting, placing'; naru? (ng-taru?) <br />
'make, do; put. <br />
place'; senaru? (t-in-aru?) 'was done by, was put or <br />
placed by'(cf. tu?en) <br />
tasa?: 'damaged; dismantled'; nasa?(ng-tasa?) 'to damage; to <br />
dismantle' <br />
tauh: 'we (pl. incl.)'; ditauh (idih tauh?) 'ours' (cf. kamih, <br />
kediweb, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, teluh) <br />
tebangan(JU): 'scale for weighing things' (Malay loan) <br />
tebel: 'head or the penis, glans penis' <br />
tebiring (JU): 'veering at an angle (of a bird or plane turning flight)'; <br />
nebiring <br />
(ng-tebirig) 'to veer' <br />
tebha?: 'thorn' <br />
tebhar: 'salary, wages'; nebhar (ng-tebhar) 'to pay'; sibhar <br />
(t-e-i-bhar) 'was paid <br />
by'; tebaren (tebhar-en) 'aorist passive of nebhar' <br />
tebhek: 'mark left by piercing; pierced (as by needle, knife)'; nebhek <br />
(ng-teqbhek) <br />
'pierce, stab'; pe-tebhek (pep-teb*ek) 'stab one <br />
another'; sibhek (t-e-i-bhek) <br />
'was pierced by, was stabbed by'; t. apo 'traditional <br />
competition in which <br />
young men held a dart and jumped up to see who could <br />
leave the highest <br />
mark on the slanting roof of the longhouse' <br />
tebheng: 'the felling of a large tree'; nebheng (ng-tebeng) 'to fell a <br />
large tree, as <br />
in clearing a swidden'; tebengen (tebheng-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nebheng)' <br />
tebhing: 'buttocks' (cf. puer) <br />
tebhuh: 'sugarcane' <br />
tebhung: 'small cloth bag used to hold tobacco' <br />
tebhu?: 'clearing in the forest'; nebhu? (ng-tebhu?) 'cut down <br />
forest'; tebu?en <br />
(tebhu?-en) 'aorist passive of nebhu?' <br />
tedhak: (see bua?) <br />
tedhan: 'act of leaving something behind'; ketedhan (ke-tedhan) left <br />
behind <br />
(accidentally); nedhan (ng-tedhan) leave behind; sidhan <br />
(t-e-i-dhan) was <br />
left behind by' (cf. keted, where ketedhan could be <br />
interpreted as /keted-en/) <br />
tedheh: leaving behind': nedheh (ng-tedheh) 'leave behind'; tidheh <br />
(te-i-dheh) <br />
'was left behind by' <br />
teguk: 'external throat' (cf. telenan) <br />
teh: 'tea' (English loan; cf. eti) <br />
tegeker(JU): 'shivering' (cf. egheng) <br />
teghang(CB): 'rainbow' <br />
teh: 'sentence particle probably conveying emphasis' <br />
tekap: 'search (n.)'; nekap (ng-tekap) 'to search, look for'; <br />
pe-tekap (pep-tekap) <br />
'search for one another'; sikap (t-e-i-kap) 'preterite <br />
passive of nekap' <br />
teka?ok(CB): 'rooster' <br />
tekeku?: 'to squat'; nekeku? (ng-tekeku?) 'force someone to squat' <br />
teken (CB): 'boat pole, punting pole'; neken (ng-teken) 'to pole a boat'; <br />
sineken <br />
(t-in-eken) 'was poled by' <br />
tekering (CB): 'dry' (cf. pering, rikan, tekeru?) <br />
tekeru?: 'dry, of pond or river that has dried up, of moist food gone <br />
dry, etc. ' (cf. <br />
pering, rikan, tekering) <br />
tekila?: 'chips produced from working wood with an adze' <br />
tekip (JU): 'sarong worn by girls' <br />
tekub: 'a knock from underneath (as on the floor of the longhouse <br />
by someone <br />
under the house with a stick); nekub (n-tekub) 'to <br />
knock from underneath', <br />
sikub (t-e-i-kub) 'an uppercut (in fighting)' <br />
tekul: 'spoon'; nekul (ng-tekul) 'to spoon out something' <br />
telang1: (see bulu?) <br />
telang2: 'flavorless, without salt, flat lasting' <br />
tela?: 'act of hurling, throwing'; nela? (ng-tela?) 'hurl, throw (a <br />
javelin)'; sila? <br />
(t-e-i-la?) 'was hurled or thrown by'; tela?-en 'aorist <br />
passiveof nela?' <br />
tela?o: 'the barking deer: Cervulus muntjac' (ct. payo) <br />
teleka?: 'small frog' (cf. beraok, esit) <br />
telen: 'swallow'; neleng (ng-telen) 'to swallow'; silen (t-e-i-len) 'was <br />
swallow- <br />
ed by'; telenan (telen-an) 'internal throat'; telenen <br />
(telen-en) 'aorist passive <br />
of nelen' <br />
teletad: 'spur of a fighting cock (the natural spur, not a metal one)' (cf. <br />
<br />
ngeletad) <br />
teliad (JU): 'to slip' <br />
teluh: 'three; we (trial incl.)' (cf. kamih, kediweh, keteluh, <br />
kiteh, tauh) <br />
telu?a?(CB): 'a bird. the crow' <br />
temalem: (see alem, malem) <br />
temapad: lie with the body next to the fire instead of lying with the <br />
feet <br />
toward the fire' <br />
temar: 'stemless plant with tough leaves used as basket straps' <br />
tema?ud: 'back of the foot behind and above the ball of the heel'; urat <br />
tema?ud <br />
'Achille's tendon' <br />
temedhur: 'rhinoceros' <br />
temeh: 'fall short and slip, as when leaping across a ditch, or when <br />
climbing <br />
stairs to slip and fall back to the previous step' <br />
temengang(JU): 'hornbill' (cf. menengang, metuy) <br />
teneb: 'cool, cold'; neneb (ng-teneb) 'make something cool or <br />
cold' <br />
tenuran1: 'testicle' (cf. ilung terur) <br />
tenuran2: 'nest'; t. la?al ' chicken's nest' (cf. arar) <br />
tenganuh: 'weaving': nenganuh (ng-tenganuh) 'to weave'; singanuh <br />
(t-in-enganuh) <br />
'was woven by' <br />
tenganga?(JU): 'open the mouth' <br />
tenga? (JU): 'window' <br />
tengeb(JU): 'riverbank' <br />
tepi (CB): 'smooth, as a surface' (cf, lana) <br />
tepu?: 'grandparent (address/vocative for any member of <br />
grandparental <br />
generation)' (cf. epun, tetepuh) <br />
teraka?: 'thin, emaciated' (said by GT to derive from raka? 'dead <br />
twig', <br />
though this may be a folk etymology) <br />
terem: 'sink': nerem (ng-terem) 'force someone under water'; <br />
temeren <br />
(i-em-erem) 'dive under water' <br />
terep (JU): 'tree that is similar to the breadfruit, with latex-like sap' <br />
terur: 'egg; testicle'; t. la?al 'chicken egg'; t. manuk <br />
'birdegg' <br />
terutung: 'porcupine' <br />
tesineh: 'mother (reference)'; t. menaken 'MS, FS' (cf. sina?, sineh) <br />
tetad: 'marks made by an adze'; netad (ng-tetad) 'cut with a <br />
striking motion <br />
toward the body, as when standing with legs apart and <br />
swinging the bikung <br />
from in front of the body to between the legs' <br />
tetameh: 'father (reference)'; t. menaken 'MB, FB' (cf. tama?) <br />
tetel1: 'clay hearth in the longhouse' <br />
tetel2 (CB): 'packing something in tightly'; netel (ng-tetel) 'pack <br />
something in <br />
tightly' <br />
tetepuh: 'grandparent (term of reference)'; t. dela?ih 'grandfather', <br />
t. dedhur <br />
'grandmother' (cf. epun, tepu?) <br />
tidha?: 'footprint': nidha? (ng-tidha?) 'step on'; teda?en <br />
(tidha?-en) 'aorist <br />
passive of nidha?'; sinidha? (t-in-idha?) 'was stepped <br />
on' <br />
tidhuk: 'bill, beak of a bird; act of pecking, poking lightly'; <br />
nidhuk (ng-tidhuk) <br />
'to peck, of a bird, poke lightly with the finger' <br />
tidhul: 'pointer, indicator'; nidhul (ng-tidhul) 'to point at <br />
something' <br />
tidhu?: 'hand' <br />
tikan: 'honeybee' (see bua?) <br />
tikel:(?); nikel (ng-tikel) 'just manage to get by, barely survive; to <br />
handle, take <br />
care of (a problem); able to take something (as food <br />
after one has been <br />
sick)'; tikel-tikel 'constantly struggle for a living <br />
(as a poor man who barely <br />
gets by)'; sikelen (tikel-en) 'aorist passive of nikel' <br />
<br />
tiket (CB): 'overtake someone, as in walking along a path' (cf. piket) <br />
tilem (CB): 'mattress' (Malay loan) <br />
tising(CB): (cf. sising) <br />
tuak: 'nape of the neck' <br />
tubang(JU): 'kind of small wild cat that preys on chickens' <br />
tubeh: 'a vine and the poison from its roots used to stun fish: <br />
derris root' <br />
tuda?: 'how much?; how many'; t. buleng 'few' <br />
tudo: 'to sit'; nudo (ng-tudo) 'to set, put something in a place <br />
(as a pot on a <br />
table)'; sinudo (t-ln-udo) 'was set down by' (cf. <br />
bekaar) <br />
tuduk (CB): 'stick placed as a warning along the path'; nuduk (ng-tuduk) <br />
'to <br />
warn' <br />
tudung: 'shoulder' <br />
tudu?: 'seven' <br />
tudhu?: 'salt'; nudhu? (ng-tudhu?) 'add salt to something' <br />
tuked: 'prop, support siick used to hold open the cover of the <br />
ikab' <br />
tuked: 'slope of a nuiuntain'; t. apad 'on the slope of a <br />
mountain range; <br />
temuked (t-em-uked) 'climb a mountain; steep (?)'; <br />
tekedhen (tuked-en) 'the <br />
sides or slopes of a i lountain (cf. irang) <br />
tukung: 'mosquito' (cf. namuk) <br />
tukup: 'a wooden support used to hold up an old house; also, a <br />
wooden support <br />
beam inside the longhouse' <br />
tulang: 'bone; tulang da?un 'spine of a leaf' <br />
tulu1: 'correct '(cf.muned) <br />
tulu2: 'if' (cf. ulu) <br />
tulud (CB): 'act of flying'; temulud (t-em-ulud) 'to fly' <br />
tulung (CB): 'help,assistance'; nulung (ng-tulung) 'to help.assist' (Malay <br />
loan?) <br />
tumeh: 'small white clothes louse' (cf. adel, gesimel, kutuh, li?a) <br />
tumid: 'ball of the heel' <br />
tumuh: 'tree sp.' (see kayuh) <br />
tunan: 'short handle' (cf. edha?, etun) <br />
tunang: 'happy' (cf. sinung) <br />
tunap(JU): 'window' <br />
tuno: 'a hammer'; nuno (ng-tuno) to hammer (as iron, in making <br />
tools)' <br />
tunuh: 'burning, roasting'; nunuh (ng-tunuh) 'to burn, to roast' <br />
tunuk: 'surrender' <br />
tunge (CB): 'here, to this place (cf. ngi iinih) <br />
tungul(CB): 'parang, machete, bush knife' <br />
tuped: 'standing up straight, upright, erect (of physical objects <br />
and people)' <br />
nuped (n-tuped) 'to build, construct' (cf. siri) <br />
tu?ed: 'tree stump' <br />
tu?eh: 'hard,strong (of materials)' (cf. galih, kail) <br />
tu?en: 'make, do' (cf. naro, taru?) <br />
tu?i: 'getup'; nu?i (ng-tu?i) 'raise up' (cf. kulat2) <br />
tu?uh: 'true, really; too, very' <br />
turuk: 'bamboo water conduit <br />
turun: 'the manner in which one comes down (slow, fast, etc.)'; <br />
nurun (ng- <br />
turun) 'to lower, as a ladder; swoop down to attack or <br />
grab something (as <br />
hawks or eagles); to swarm, of bees'; temurun <br />
(t-em-urun) 'jump down, <br />
descend (as a ladder}' (cf. urur) <br />
turu?: 'a command. older, directive'; nuru? (ng-turu?) 'to <br />
command'; sinuru? <br />
(t-in-uru?) 'was commanded by, was ordered by'(cf. atur, <br />
uru?) <br />
tutuk1: 'short stone or wooden pestle for pounding meat or vegetables, <br />
act of <br />
hammering or pounding'; nutuk (ng-tutuk) 'to hammer (as a <br />
peg into the <br />
ground); to pound (chili peppers, ginger, etc.) with a <br />
pestle' (cf. aluh) <br />
tutuk2 (CB): 'act of throwing something at someone or something"; nutuk <br />
(ng-tutuk) 'throw something at someone or something (as <br />
in throwing <br />
pebbles at a target) <br />
tutun: 'shallow' <br />
tutu?: 'fall from a height (people, birds, fruits, leaves)'; nutu? <br />
(ng-tutu?) <br />
'drop something from a height' (cf. luka?, petedheng) <br />
tuung (JU): 'a box' <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
U<br />
uab: 'a yawn'; 'nguab (ng-uab) 'to yawn' <br />
uan (JU): 'have' <br />
uang1: 'howling of a dog' nguang (ng-uang) 'to howl,of a dog' (cf. manang) <br />
uang2: 'muscles, flesh; contents of something' (cf. isi?) <br />
uang3 (?): uang uang (JU) 'naked' (cf. lupa) <br />
uar(CB): 'kind of vine <br />
uat1: 'thatching needle, needle used to stitch the palm-leaf thatch in <br />
making a <br />
roof <br />
uat2: large root, taproot' (cf. labing, ramut) <br />
uay: 'traditional Kelabit axe for cutting wood' <br />
ubih: 'tuber'; u. kayuh 'tapioca'; u. sia? 'sweet potato' <br />
ubit: 'mark left by a bite'; ngubit (ng-ubit) 'to bite' (cf. ketep) <br />
ubud (CB): 'soft edible pith of plants, esp. sago: palm cabbage'; ngubud <br />
(ng-ubud) 'make ubud' <br />
ubur: 'praise (n.)'; ngubur (ng-ubur) 'to praise' <br />
ubhir: 'to overflow (of a bucket left under running water, etc.)'; <br />
mubhir <br />
(m-uhhir) 'overflowing, overflowed' <br />
ubho: to stop; to rest, take a break' (cf. udhu?) <br />
udan: 'rain'; mudan (ern-udan) 'to rain'; u. bariw 'strong wind, <br />
storm wind' <br />
udang: 'shrimp' <br />
udeng1: 'decorative earplug' <br />
udeng2: 'stay'; da?et udeng 'homesick' (lit. 'bad stay'); mudeng <br />
(em-udeng) 'to <br />
stay, dwell'; pepudeng (pep-udeng) 'stay with one's <br />
fiancee's family for <br />
some time before marriage (reciprocal)' <br />
uduh: 'grass' (generic; cf. budud) <br />
udung (CB): 'top, end'; u. kayuh 'top of a tree, part of a tree from the <br />
first <br />
branching upwards' . <br />
udur: 'standing': mudur (em-udur) 'stand up from sitting or lying; <br />
standing <br />
up'; udur udur 'lingering around doing nothing; standing <br />
up and sitting <br />
down repeatedly' <br />
udhih: 'rudder, stern of a boat; rear' (cf. julung, mudhih) <br />
udhu?: 'cease, stop an activity (as walking or working)' <br />
ue (CB): 'rattan' <br />
ueg: 'wild fruit tree with seeds like rubber tree seeds' <br />
ugam: 'mat' (cf. epin) <br />
ugha? (CB): 'stop suddenly, of whirling motion (children in play whirling <br />
around to make themselves dizzy, a spinning top that <br />
falls over, etc.)' <br />
ugheng: 'spinning without wobbling (usually with reference to <br />
spinning tops)' <br />
ul: 'cheer ullcrcd when passing arak or burak rice wine in a <br />
festival' <br />
uih: 'lsg. subject and object; I, me'; duih (idih-uih) 'mine <br />
uit (CB): 'way of banging'; mult (ern-uit) 'to bring'; nuit (en-uit) <br />
'was <br />
brought by'; pemuilt(pem-uil) 'thing used to bring'; <br />
pepuit (pep'uit) 'bring <br />
one another' <br />
uka (JU): 'dawn'; muka (m-uka) (JU): 'early' (cf. lekedhang) <br />
ukep (JU): 'spend a night in the forest' <br />
uker: 'shining, of a cat's eyes in the dark, chatoyant' <br />
ukul1: 'disposition' (cf. eghul, mukul) <br />
ukul2 (CB): 'stick for stirring rice' <br />
uku?: 'dog' <br />
uled: 'maggot, caterpillar': u. reken 'kind of non-poisonous <br />
worm that coils <br />
in a circle' (cf. kelatih, kereruar) <br />
uleng: 'alone' ;uleng uleng 'preferring to be alone' (cf. <br />
buleng) <br />
ulih1(JU): 'sprout, shoot, bud' <br />
ulih2(PM): 'wax from a honeycomb, candlewax' <br />
ulu (CB): 'if' (cf. tulu2) <br />
ulud: 'words, tale, story'; lud-en (ulud-en) 'is being talked <br />
about or told, will <br />
talk about or tell; ulud ulud 'be in conversation' <br />
uluh: 'head' <br />
ulun: 'life'; mulun (m-ulun) living, alive' <br />
ulung: 'grove,thicket, cluster of trees' (cf. pulung) <br />
umak: 'climb stairs, ascend' <br />
umeng: 'cricket' (see kato) <br />
uned: 'middle' (cf. lemuned) <br />
unih: 'sound'; munih (em-unih) 'make a sound' <br />
upa: 'splitting': mupa (ern-upa) 'to split (intr.)', ngupa <br />
(ng-upa) 'spilt some- <br />
thing into large pieces' (cf. bilak) <br />
upan: 'bait, chicken feed', ngupan (ng-upan) to feed animals' <br />
<br />
upa?: 'yam' <br />
uper (CB): 'bark fiber used for making rope': nuper (in-uper) 'string <br />
or rope <br />
made from bark fiber'; nguper (ng-uper) 'make rope <br />
from bark fiber': puren <br />
(uper-en) 'aorist passive of nuper'; sinuper <br />
(sin-uper) 'preterite passive of <br />
nguper' <br />
upih: 'a dream': mupih (em-upih) 'to dream' <br />
upit: 'tweezers' <br />
upun: 'to run' (cf. perada?) <br />
u?i: 'lever' <br />
u?it: 'top incisor teeth' <br />
u?ut: 'straw for sipping rice wine: smoking pipe; sucking'; <br />
nu?ut (ne-u?ut) <br />
'smoke a pipe: suck'; uten (u?ut-en) 'aorist <br />
passive nu?ut'; sinu?ut <br />
(sin-u?ut) 'preterite passive of nu?ut' <br />
urat1: 'vein, vessel, tendon' <br />
urat2: 'wound'; murat (m-urat) 'wounded'; ngurat (ng-urat) <br />
'to wound'; pepurat <br />
(pep-urat) 'wound one another' <br />
[[urek]] (CB): 'handspan, measurement from tip of thumb to tip of <br />
outstretched <br />
forefinger'; ngurek (ng-urek) 'measure' (cf. <br />
depeh) <br />
urit: line. dash, writing' (cf. ayud, nulis) <br />
urung1: large dried gourd used for storing husked rice <br />
(unhusked rice is stored <br />
in the lepo pade)' <br />
urung: 'bamboo segment forming part of a wind-powered <br />
scarecrow used in <br />
the paddy field' <br />
uru?: 'order, directive' (cf. turu?) <br />
urur1(JU): 'cluster (of fruit)' <br />
urur2 (CB): 'act of lowering something'; ngurur (ng-urur) 'lower <br />
something <br />
slowly by rope' (cf. turun) <br />
usag: 'piece of something that has broken'; musag (em-usag) <br />
'break into <br />
pieces, as a clod of earth, or a ball of rice or <br />
ginger powder' <br />
useng: 'cat' <br />
useb: 'want something very much, desire intensely' <br />
used1: 'a cold, catarrh; mucus that is coughed up: euphemism <br />
for any sickness' <br />
used2: 'marrow' (possibly = used1; cf. isud) <br />
usuk: 'loose, of loincloth strings or anything else that is <br />
tied up' <br />
utak: 'urge, determination, resolve' <br />
utap (CB): 'shield' <br />
uta?: 'vomit (n.)'; nuta? (in-uta?) 'was vomited by'; <br />
nguta? (ng-uta?)'to vomit' <br />
utang: 'debt' (Malay loan; cf. baleh) <br />
utek: 'brain' <br />
uud(CB): 'retreat, withdraw' ;u. udih 'move backward' <br />
uyut (CB): 'small carrypg basket worn on the back' (cf. babeh, <br />
bakang, binen) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
W<br />
waluh: 'eight' (cf. aluh)</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Laak&diff=10295
Laak
2023-12-10T18:56:26Z
<p>Lraja: /* Kelabit - English: */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
<br />
;1. laak - cook:<br />
:* kapeh laak [[labo payo]] dih - how to cook the venison<br />
:* ken laak neh [[elad|(e)lad]] la'al ineh kemuh - do you think the chicken wings are cooked<br />
:* ih '''[[ngelaak]]''' ngemuh - who's cooking for you<br />
<br />
;3. laak - ripe:<br />
:* [sia']] beto' [[bua' pidang dih]], laak neh ineh - when the raspberry turns red, it is ripe<br />
<br />
;3. laak - year:<br />
:* laak [[beruh]] - new year<br />
:* laak-laak - many years<br />
:* [[lakan]] - season or period<br />
:* lakan [[teneb]] - winter season<br />
:* lakan [[lauq|lauu']] - summer season<br />
:* lakan [[ulih|nulih]] - spring season<br />
:* lakan [[rareh]] - autumn/fall season<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
<br />
;1. laak - masak:<br />
:* kapeh laak labo payo dih - bagaimana masak daging rusa in?<br />
:* ken laak neh (e)lad la'al ineh kemuh - masak kah tidak sayap ayam itu<br />
:* ih '''[[ngelaak]]''' ngemuh - siapa masak untuk kamu<br />
<br />
;2. laak - year:<br />
:* laak beruh - tahun baru<br />
:* laak-laak - bertahun-tahun<br />
<br />
== Synonym ==<br />
* 1. [[nanek]]<br />
* 2. [[ridta']]<br />
<br />
== Cooking Glossary ==<br />
See also the [[penguman#Food_Glossary|Food Glossary]] for Kelabit Dishes and the Kelabit Pantry<br />
<br />
=== Ingredients ===<br />
See [[penguman#Food Glossary|Food Glossary]] for the ingredients used in Kelabit Cooking.<br />
<br />
=== Preparation and Cooking Methods ===<br />
# [[ngererek]], [[muer]] (muwer)<br />
# [[muruq]]<br />
# [[naag]]<br />
# [[nanek]]<br />
# [[nenum]]<br />
# [[netek]]<br />
# [[ngarar]]<br />
# [[ngaur]]<br />
# [[ngayad]]<br />
# [[ngayang]]<br />
# [[ngelaak]]<br />
# [[ngelauq]]<br />
# [[ngelanit]] (ngalanit)<br />
# [[ngelipuk]] (ngalipuk), [[ngilud]]<br />
# [[ngenak]]<br />
# [[ngenger]]<br />
# [[ngeriki]]<br />
# [[ngerio]]<br />
# [[ngetih]]<br />
# [[ngetuq]]<br />
# [[ngukak]]<br />
# [[ngulit]]<br />
# [[ngurum]]<br />
# [[nutung]]<br />
<br />
=== Utensils ===<br />
# [[bugo]]<br />
# [[tekul]]<br />
# [[gerepu]]<br />
# [[iyo]]<br />
# [[epit]]<br />
# [[iyup]]<br />
# [[lajang]]<br />
# [[badung]]<br />
# [[kiriq]]<br />
# [[penagan]]<br />
# [[ebpul]]<br />
# [[bigan]], [[bigan i'it]], [[bigan rayeh]], [[bigan dalem]]<br />
# [[sawan]]<br />
# [[geragat]]<br />
# [[kerepit]]<br />
# [[enet]]<br />
<br />
=== Kitchen Fixtures ===<br />
# [[tetel]]<br />
# [[angan]]<br />
# [[raran]]<br />
# [[paip]]<br />
<br />
=== Others ===<br />
# [[apui]]<br />
# [[kayuh ipak]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:L|laak]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ngeraad&diff=10294
Ngeraad
2023-12-10T18:55:13Z
<p>Lraja: /* Traps */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[https://csroffsarawak2015.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/img_3364.jpg]]<br />
Ruing Labo Puur<br>Photo by Angela Boeck March, 2016<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<!---If more than one meaning, number each meaning---><br />
<!---Provide example sentence under each meaning preceded by :* indent/bullet the line ---><br />
<!---Link to kelabit words used by putting the term in double square brackets, like this [[kelabit word]] ---><br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
; ngeraad - to hunt:<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia ===<br />
; ngeraad - ? :<br />
<br />
<br />
== Glossary of Hunting Terms ==<br />
=== General ===<br />
# [[niluq]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Methods ===<br />
# [[madil]]<br />
# [[neput]]<br />
# [[meri'eyk]] (meri'ik}<br />
# [[ngerunut]]<br />
# [[pelibut]]/melibut<br />
# [[ngabang]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Equipment/Accessories ===<br />
# [[selapang]]<br />
# [[eput]]<br />
# [[buso]]<br />
# [[bayung]]<br />
# [[langan]]<br />
# [[parir]]<br />
# [[ukuq]]<br />
# [[elud]]<br />
# [[tungul]]<br />
# [[belunan]]<br />
# [[binan]]<br />
# [[bena'ur]]<br />
# [[pana]]<br />
<br />
=== Traps ===<br />
# [[ateb]] [[labo i'eyk]]<br />
# [[ebpung]] pelanuk, tela'o keneh ebpung. [[ebpung alad]] [[ebpung ri'er]] [[ebpung bedtidtaq]]<br />
# [[kukub]] [[manuk]] (used for trapping nesting birds)<br />
# [[kekeb]] (for trapping many green pigeons all at once)<br />
# [[bebpan]] (a sticky substance)<br />
# [[repiq]] (or rebpiq? are bamboo spikes to pierce bigger animals like wild boars, deers)<br />
# [[patuk]] (arrows used to slay / slam) <br />
# [[ruing]] [[labo puur]]<br />
# [[ukung]] [[bedtuk]] / [[kuyad]] tu'en nayan ngen nukenen.<br />
# [[peredten]] kayuh merar nedtar puung (eg. [[labo i'eyk]] medting puung nuk merar.)<br />
# [[belatik]] [[kuyad]] (medting puung nuk merar) Employs a horizontal slingshot / catapult<br />
<br />
=== Fish Traps / Methods ===<br />
# [[bubuh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[mering]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[nubeh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] keneh tubeh ideh manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[patun]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[iyep]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] tu'en niyep<br />
<br />
=== Hunted Animals ===<br />
# [[baka]]<br />
# [[payo]]<br />
# [[tela'o]]<br />
# [[pelanuk]]<br />
# [[terutung]]<br />
# [[kuyad]]<br />
# [[manuk]] ([[meto]], ..)<br />
# [[kelelit]]<br />
<br />
=== Meat Preparation and Processing ===<br />
See [[laak#Cooking Glossary|Cooking Glossary]] for meat preparation and cooking methods, and [[penguman#Food Glossary|Food Glossary]] for some authentic Kelabit recipes.<br />
<br />
<!---NOTES on categories---><br />
<!---Please change letter category D in the example to the first letter of the word UPPERCASE. <br />
The first character of the word following the | (eg. |durey) should be Capitalised for proper nouns only. ---><br />
<!---Please change category 'Request Info' to 'For Edit' once the suggested sections have been filled ---><br />
<br />
[[Category:N|ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Glossary| ]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ngeraad&diff=10293
Ngeraad
2023-12-10T18:52:41Z
<p>Lraja: /* Traps */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[https://csroffsarawak2015.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/img_3364.jpg]]<br />
Ruing Labo Puur<br>Photo by Angela Boeck March, 2016<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<!---If more than one meaning, number each meaning---><br />
<!---Provide example sentence under each meaning preceded by :* indent/bullet the line ---><br />
<!---Link to kelabit words used by putting the term in double square brackets, like this [[kelabit word]] ---><br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
; ngeraad - to hunt:<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia ===<br />
; ngeraad - ? :<br />
<br />
<br />
== Glossary of Hunting Terms ==<br />
=== General ===<br />
# [[niluq]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Methods ===<br />
# [[madil]]<br />
# [[neput]]<br />
# [[meri'eyk]] (meri'ik}<br />
# [[ngerunut]]<br />
# [[pelibut]]/melibut<br />
# [[ngabang]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Equipment/Accessories ===<br />
# [[selapang]]<br />
# [[eput]]<br />
# [[buso]]<br />
# [[bayung]]<br />
# [[langan]]<br />
# [[parir]]<br />
# [[ukuq]]<br />
# [[elud]]<br />
# [[tungul]]<br />
# [[belunan]]<br />
# [[binan]]<br />
# [[bena'ur]]<br />
# [[pana]]<br />
<br />
=== Traps ===<br />
# [[ateb]] [[labo i'eyk]]<br />
# [[ebpung]] pelanuk, tela'o keneh ebpung. [[ebpung alad]] [[ebpung ri'er]] [[ebpung bedtidtaq]]<br />
# [[kukub]] [[manuk]] (used for trapping nesting birds)<br />
# [[kekeb]] (for trapping many green pigeons all at once)<br />
# [[bebpan]] (a sticky substance)<br />
# [[repiq]] (or rebpiq? are bamboo spikes to pierce bigger animals like wild boars, deers)<br />
# [[patuk]] (arrows used to slay / slam) <br />
# [[ruing]] [[labo puur]]<br />
# [[ukung]] [[bedtuk]] / [[kuyad]]<br />
# [[peredten]] kayuh merar nedtar puung (eg. [[labo i'eyk]] medting puung nuk merar.)<br />
# [[belatik]] [[kuyad]] (medting puung nuk merar) Employs a horizontal slingshot / catapult<br />
<br />
=== Fish Traps / Methods ===<br />
# [[bubuh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[mering]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[nubeh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] keneh tubeh ideh manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[patun]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[iyep]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] tu'en niyep<br />
<br />
=== Hunted Animals ===<br />
# [[baka]]<br />
# [[payo]]<br />
# [[tela'o]]<br />
# [[pelanuk]]<br />
# [[terutung]]<br />
# [[kuyad]]<br />
# [[manuk]] ([[meto]], ..)<br />
# [[kelelit]]<br />
<br />
=== Meat Preparation and Processing ===<br />
See [[laak#Cooking Glossary|Cooking Glossary]] for meat preparation and cooking methods, and [[penguman#Food Glossary|Food Glossary]] for some authentic Kelabit recipes.<br />
<br />
<!---NOTES on categories---><br />
<!---Please change letter category D in the example to the first letter of the word UPPERCASE. <br />
The first character of the word following the | (eg. |durey) should be Capitalised for proper nouns only. ---><br />
<!---Please change category 'Request Info' to 'For Edit' once the suggested sections have been filled ---><br />
<br />
[[Category:N|ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Glossary| ]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Abey&diff=10292
Abey
2023-12-10T15:39:11Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Anderson_abe.JPG|thumb|'''Ribuh Balang ngulung abey'''<br>Photo by [[user:anderson|Anderson]] ]]<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:1. abey - earring<br />
:2. abey uteyk - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:1. abey - ?<br />
:2. abey uteyk - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
== Alternative spellings ==<br />
* abe<br />
<br />
== Types of Abey ==<br />
<br />
<gallery> <br />
Image:Jennifer47 Abey.jpg|Abey ? <br />
Image:Anderson_abe.JPG|Abey ? <br />
Image:Default_Photo.jpg|Abey Uteyk<br />
Image:Default_Photo.jpg|Another Abey<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:A|abey]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| abey]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10291
Ating
2023-12-10T15:37:45Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]. <br />
:: Dita' alad batuh ngi [[Reberuh Ating]]<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10290
Ating
2023-12-10T15:34:40Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]. <br />
:: Dita' alad batuh ngi [[Reberuh Ating]]<br />
:: abey ating<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10289
Ating
2023-12-10T15:33:20Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]. <br />
:: Dita' alad batuh ngi [[Reberuh Ating]]<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Lating&diff=10288
Lating
2023-12-10T15:32:52Z
<p>Lraja: /* Translations */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:lating - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activities<br />
<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:lating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:L|lating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| lating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Lating&diff=10287
Talk:Lating
2023-12-10T15:32:34Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "A floating platform where people wash is /Lating/ - L😀 [T. Trang Whatsapp 10.12.23]"</p>
<hr />
<div>A floating platform where people wash is /Lating/ - L😀 [T. Trang Whatsapp 10.12.23]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Lating&diff=10286
Lating
2023-12-10T15:31:42Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "== Pronunciation == == Translations == ;Kelabit - English: :lating - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activi..."</p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:lating - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activities<br />
<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:L|lating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| lating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10285
Alid
2023-12-10T14:39:01Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - steep slope:<br />
: gorge<br />
: ravine<br />
::malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[ra'an]]<br />
* [[rengeb]] lem pulung<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
* [[rerep]]<br />
* [[ruru']]<br />
* [[turan]]<br />
* [[surud]] (lun bawang<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10284
Alid
2023-12-10T14:38:14Z
<p>Lraja: /* Kelabit - English: */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - steep slope:<br />
;: gorge<br />
;: ravine<br />
::malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[ra'an]]<br />
* [[rengeb]] lem pulung<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
* [[rerep]]<br />
* [[ruru']]<br />
* [[turan]]<br />
* [[surud]] (lun bawang<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10283
Alid
2023-12-10T14:37:43Z
<p>Lraja: /* Kelabit - English: */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - steep slope:<br />
;; gorge<br />
;; ravine<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[ra'an]]<br />
* [[rengeb]] lem pulung<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
* [[rerep]]<br />
* [[ruru']]<br />
* [[turan]]<br />
* [[surud]] (lun bawang<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Alid&diff=10282
Talk:Alid
2023-12-10T14:35:27Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "Let mija kupi alid rengeb ~lem pulung rerep beribpi ruruq turan surud ~lun bawang malid/alid ~leng² ditaq - D.L. Labang [Whatsapp 10.12.23]"</p>
<hr />
<div>Let mija kupi<br />
<br />
alid<br />
rengeb ~lem pulung<br />
rerep<br />
beribpi<br />
ruruq<br />
turan<br />
surud ~lun bawang<br />
<br />
malid/alid ~leng² ditaq<br />
- D.L. Labang [Whatsapp 10.12.23]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10281
Alid
2023-12-10T14:34:38Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - steep slope:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[ra'an]]<br />
* [[rengeb]] lem pulung<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
* [[rerep]]<br />
* [[ruru']]<br />
* [[turan]]<br />
* [[surud]] (lun bawang<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10280
Alid
2023-12-10T14:30:13Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - steep slope:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[ra'an]]<br />
* [[rengeb]]<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Alid&diff=10279
Alid
2023-12-10T14:27:28Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English: ===<br />
;alid - valley:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
;alid - ?:<br />
:malid - ?<br />
<br />
;Synonyms<br />
[[beribpi]], [[ra'an]]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|alid]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| alid]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Rengeb&diff=10278
Rengeb
2023-12-10T14:27:03Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>;Kelabit - English:<br />
:rengeb - cliff edge<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:rengeb - ?<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
* [[alid]]<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:R|rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| rengeb]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Beribpi&diff=10277
Talk:Beribpi
2023-12-10T14:25:19Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with ":Rengeb, where there is no possibility of climbing back, is cliff. :Alid=beribpi=steep slope, usually referring to such found along a jungle footpath alignment. :Tebpih is wh..."</p>
<hr />
<div>:Rengeb, where there is no possibility of climbing back, is cliff. <br />
:Alid=beribpi=steep slope, usually referring to such found along a jungle footpath alignment.<br />
:Tebpih is where an erotion took place, resulting in a sizeable chunk being separated from the mainland. <br />
:Pe is the Kelabit prefix, which turns it into an intransitive verb.<br />
:: G. Nulun [Whatsapp 10.12.2023]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Beribpi&diff=10276
Beribpi
2023-12-10T14:21:32Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>;Kelabit - English:<br />
:beribpi - precipice, steep slope<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:beribpi - ?<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
* [[rengeb]]<br />
* [[alid]]<br />
* [[tebpih]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:B|beribpi]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| beribpi]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| beribpi]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Rengeb&diff=10275
Rengeb
2023-12-10T14:18:50Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>;Kelabit - English:<br />
:rengeb - cliff edge<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:rengeb - ?<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:R|rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| rengeb]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Rengeb&diff=10274
Rengeb
2023-12-10T14:18:34Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with ";Kelabit - English: :rengeb - cliff edge ;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: :beribpi - ? == Synonyms == * beribpi rengeb rengeb Cat..."</p>
<hr />
<div>;Kelabit - English:<br />
:rengeb - cliff edge<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:beribpi - ?<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
* [[beribpi]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:R|rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| rengeb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| rengeb]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Beribpi&diff=10273
Beribpi
2023-12-10T14:15:49Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>;Kelabit - English:<br />
:beribpi - precipice, cliff<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia:<br />
:beribpi - ?<br />
<br />
== Synonyms ==<br />
* [[rengeb]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:B|beribpi]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| beribpi]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| beribpi]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10272
Ating
2023-12-10T14:11:48Z
<p>Lraja: /* Translations */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating [1] - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activities<br />
:ating [2] - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]. <br />
:: Dita' alad batuh ngi [[Reberuh Ating]]<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10271
Ating
2023-12-10T14:10:32Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating [1] - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activities<br />
:ating [2] - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]. <br />
:: Dita' alad batuh ngi Reberuh Ating<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Ating&diff=10270
Talk:Ating
2023-12-10T14:07:39Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>Cliff face <br />
/ating/ ken lun la’ud ken Temabu’ Roy<br />
Edteh reberuh belaan ideh kuh Reberuh Ating. Dita’ alad batuh nedih.<br />
<br />
- T. Trang [Whatsapp - 10-Dec-2023]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Talk:Ating&diff=10269
Talk:Ating
2023-12-10T14:03:13Z
<p>Lraja: Created page with "Cliff face /ating/ ken lun la’ud ken Temabu’ Roy Edteh reberuh belaan ideh kuh Reberuh Ating. Dita’ alad batuh nedih. - Tingang Trang [Whatsapp - 10-Dec-2023]"</p>
<hr />
<div>Cliff face <br />
/ating/ ken lun la’ud ken Temabu’ Roy<br />
Edteh reberuh belaan ideh kuh Reberuh Ating. Dita’ alad batuh nedih.<br />
<br />
- Tingang Trang [Whatsapp - 10-Dec-2023]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ating&diff=10268
Ating
2023-12-10T14:01:43Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:ating [1] - a floating platform which is tied with a rope to the river bank, where people carry their washing activities<br />
:ating [2] - cliff face. A term used by [[lun la'ud]]<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:ating - ?<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:A|ating]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ating]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Selungan&diff=10267
Selungan
2023-12-10T13:57:38Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div># A bamboo container to store arrows ([[langan]])<br />
# Another name for [[sepi'ung]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:S|selungan]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Selungan&diff=10266
Selungan
2023-12-10T13:56:49Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div># A bamboo container to store arrows [[langan]]<br />
# Another name for [[sepi'ung]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:S|selungan]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Selungan&diff=10265
Selungan
2023-12-10T13:55:23Z
<p>Lraja: Removed redirect to Sepi'ung</p>
<hr />
<div>1. A bamboo container to store arrows [[langan]]<br />
2. Another name for [[sepi'ung]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:S|selungan]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Langan&diff=10264
Langan
2023-12-10T13:50:47Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Default_Photo.jpg|thumb|'''Langan''']]<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
<br />
;langan <br />
: dart for use with blowpipe, usually poisoned with [[parir]].<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia: ===<br />
; langan : ?<br />
<br />
Usually stored in a container [[selungan]] made of bamboo <br />
[[Category:L|langan]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| langan]]<br />
[[Category:Request Photo| langan]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ateb&diff=10263
Ateb
2023-12-10T13:49:14Z
<p>Lraja: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Translations ==<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
<br />
;ateb - a trap:<br />
::ateb [[labo i'eyk]] - mouse trap<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
<br />
;ateb - perangkap:<br />
::ateb [[labo i'eyk]] - perangkap tikus<br />
<br />
See other hunting terms: [[ngeraad]] <br />
[[Category:A|ateb]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ateb]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Ngeraad&diff=10262
Ngeraad
2023-12-10T13:39:34Z
<p>Lraja: /* Traps */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[https://csroffsarawak2015.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/img_3364.jpg]]<br />
Ruing Labo Puur<br>Photo by Angela Boeck March, 2016<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<!---If more than one meaning, number each meaning---><br />
<!---Provide example sentence under each meaning preceded by :* indent/bullet the line ---><br />
<!---Link to kelabit words used by putting the term in double square brackets, like this [[kelabit word]] ---><br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - English ===<br />
; ngeraad - to hunt:<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Kelabit - Bahasa Malaysia ===<br />
; ngeraad - ? :<br />
<br />
<br />
== Glossary of Hunting Terms ==<br />
=== General ===<br />
# [[niluq]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Methods ===<br />
# [[madil]]<br />
# [[neput]]<br />
# [[meri'eyk]] (meri'ik}<br />
# [[ngerunut]]<br />
# [[pelibut]]/melibut<br />
# [[ngabang]]<br />
<br />
=== Hunting Equipment/Accessories ===<br />
# [[selapang]]<br />
# [[eput]]<br />
# [[buso]]<br />
# [[bayung]]<br />
# [[langan]]<br />
# [[parir]]<br />
# [[ukuq]]<br />
# [[elud]]<br />
# [[tungul]]<br />
# [[belunan]]<br />
# [[binan]]<br />
# [[bena'ur]]<br />
# [[pana]]<br />
<br />
=== Traps ===<br />
# [[ateb]] [[labo i'eyk]]<br />
# [[ebpung]] pelanuk, tela'o keneh ebpung. [[ebpung alad]] [[ebpung ri'er]] [[ebpung bedtidtaq]]<br />
# [[kukub]] [[manuk]] (used for trapping nesting birds)<br />
# [[kekeb]] (for trapping many green pigeons all at once)<br />
# [[bebpan]] (a sticky substance)<br />
# [[repiq]] (or rebpiq? are bamboo spikes to pierce bigger animals like wild boars, deers)<br />
# [[patuk]] (arrows used to slay / slam) <br />
# [[ruing]] [[labo puur]]<br />
# [[ukung]] [[bedtuk]] / [[kuyad]]<br />
# [[peredten]] kayuh merar nedtar puung eg. [[labo i'eyk]] medting puung nuk merar.<br />
# [[belatik]] [[kuyad]] medting puung nuk merar. Employs a horizontal slingshot / catapult<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Fish Traps / Methods ===<br />
# [[bubuh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[mering]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]]<br />
# [[nubeh]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] keneh tubeh ideh manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[patun]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] manud emey lem patun<br />
# [[iyep]] [[luang]] / [[lawid]] tu'en niyep<br />
<br />
=== Hunted Animals ===<br />
# [[baka]]<br />
# [[payo]]<br />
# [[tela'o]]<br />
# [[pelanuk]]<br />
# [[terutung]]<br />
# [[kuyad]]<br />
# [[manuk]] ([[meto]], ..)<br />
# [[kelelit]]<br />
<br />
=== Meat Preparation and Processing ===<br />
See [[laak#Cooking Glossary|Cooking Glossary]] for meat preparation and cooking methods, and [[penguman#Food Glossary|Food Glossary]] for some authentic Kelabit recipes.<br />
<br />
<!---NOTES on categories---><br />
<!---Please change letter category D in the example to the first letter of the word UPPERCASE. <br />
The first character of the word following the | (eg. |durey) should be Capitalised for proper nouns only. ---><br />
<!---Please change category 'Request Info' to 'For Edit' once the suggested sections have been filled ---><br />
<br />
[[Category:N|ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| ngeraad]]<br />
[[Category:Glossary| ]]</div>
Lraja
https://bario.info/index.php?title=Bulung&diff=10261
Bulung
2023-03-12T12:26:18Z
<p>Lraja: /* Translations */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Nerad]] tana' ngen [[tungul]] [[tadaq|tada']] dulun mulung lun nuk inan da'at pian dih. <br />
[[Netek]] [[ri'er]] uku' peh tada' ([[etu]]) dulun mulung lun nuk inan deh ma'it iat dih. <br />
Kayuh peh [[teraden]] (tu'en dulun [[netak]]) etu ideh mulung la'ih suk inan neh mepet len, da'at kera'an dih.<br />
<br />
== Pronunciation ==<br />
<br />
== Translations ==<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - English:<br />
:1. bulung - to swear<br />
:: [[pebulung]] - to swear an oath<br />
:: [[binulung]] - have been cursed<br />
:: [[mulung]] - to curse<br />
see also [[ulung]]<br />
<br />
:2. [[ukit]] bulung - somersault<br />
<br />
;Kelabit - Malay:<br />
:1. bulung - <br />
<br />
:2 [[ukit]] bulung - <br />
<br />
[[Category:B|bulung]]<br />
[[Category:Request Info| bulung]]</div>
Lraja